1
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Wang M, Jiang Y, Zhuang K, Tan L. Bacteria-responsive functional electrospun membrane: simultaneous on-site visual monitoring and inhibition of bacterial infection. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39101217 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00963k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Skin infections are a major threat to human health. Early diagnosis of bacterial infections is of great significance for implementing protective measures on the skin. Therefore, in this study, we designed an electrospun membrane (PPBT) for visual monitoring of colonized bacteria and responsive antibacterial ability. Specifically, the acidity of the microenvironment caused by bacterial metabolism was applied to drive the color change of bromothymol blue (BTB) on the PPBT membrane from green to yellow, thereby facilitating the early warning of infection and timely treatment. Within 4 h, different concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus (∼105 CFU mL-1), Escherichia coli (∼105 CFU mL-1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (∼105 CFU mL-1) and Candida albicans (∼104 CFU mL-1) were visually monitored. Moreover, as the local acidity was enhanced via microbial metabolism, ZIF-8 nanoparticles loaded with TCS (TCS@ZIF-8) on the PPBT membrane could release TCS in an acid-responsive manner. At the same time, ROS were generated under 405 nm irradiation to achieve synergistic antibacterial ability. Experiments confirmed that the PPBT membrane has ideal and controllable antibacterial features based on acid responsive release and a synergistic photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism after monitoring. Therefore, the PPBT membrane developed in this work provides a feasible solution for bacterial monitoring and inactivation devices. More importantly, it can be beneficial for meeting the needs of clinical diagnosis and timely treatment of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers for Medical Care in Textile Industry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yuanzhang Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers for Medical Care in Textile Industry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Kaiwen Zhuang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lin Tan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers for Medical Care in Textile Industry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology/Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, China
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2
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Yan CJ, Yang SR, Yeh YC. Injectable pH- and Ultrasound-Responsive Dual-Crosslinked Dextran/Chitosan/TiO 2 Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Antibacterial Applications. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202301151. [PMID: 38782735 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Combining exogenous and endogenous antibacterial mechanisms has been demonstrated to enhance therapeutic efficacy significantly. This study constructs an innovative type of exogenous and endogenous antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogels with injectable dual-crosslinked networks and dual-stimuli responsiveness. The primary network establishes imine bonds between the functionalized dextran featuring norbornenes and aldehydes (NorAld-Dex) and the quaternized chitosan (QCS). The imine bonds provide self-healing, injectability, and pH-responsiveness to the hydrogel network. The secondary network is established by integrating thiolated mesoporous silica-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2@MS-SH) into the hydrogel network via an ultrasound-activated thiol-norbornene reaction with NorAld-Dex. The microstructures and properties of NorAld-Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS-SH hydrogels can be fine-tuned by adjusting the sonication time to increase the amount of thiol-norbornene crosslinks in the network. Effective antibacterial performance of NorAld-Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS-SH hydrogels at low pH has been demonstrated with the synergistic effect of the acid-induced dissociation of the hydrogel network, protonated QCS, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by TiO2@MS-SH nanoparticles under ultrasound irradiation. In summary, NorAld-Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS-SH nanocomposite hydrogel is an advanced dual stimuli-responsive antibacterial platform with customizable microstructures and properties, offering great potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jie Yan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Su-Rung Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
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3
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Zhao D, Liu H, Zhang C, Xiao X, He Z. UV-induced oxidase activity of carbon dots in visible UVA dosage, Escherichia coli quantification and bacterial typing. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342140. [PMID: 38220275 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light and foodborne pathogenic bacteriais are an important risk to the environment's safety. They endanger human health, and also lead to outbreaks of infectious disease, posing great threats to global public health security, national economy, and social stability. The appearance of carbon dot (CD) nanozymes offers a new perspective to solve the problems of detection of UV light and pathogenic bacteria in environment. This paper reports the preparation of CDs with dual enzyme-like activities (superoxide dismutase activity and UV-induced oxidase activity). The product can catalyze the oxidation of the substrate 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) under UV light (365 nm) to achieve rapid color development. Based on the excellent fluorescence properties of CDs, the colorimetric-fluorescence dual-channel real-time detection of UVA dose was realized, the mechanism underlying the catalytic oxidation of TMB by UV-induced oxidase CDs was also investigated. Furthermore, a portable CDs-TMB-PA hydrogel was prepared which could realize the real-time monitoring of UV in outdoor environment with the assistance of smartphone. Based on the pH dependency of the CD nanozymes and specific glycolytic response of the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, the direct, simple, quick, and sensitive typing and detection have been realized. This research offers new perspectives for studying CD nanozymes and their applications in UV and bacterial detection, demonstrating the remarkable potential of CD nanozymes in detecting environmental hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Changpeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Xincai Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Zhike He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
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4
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Fiore L, Vitiello R, Perna A, Maccauro G, Arduini F. Fast and reliable infection diagnosis during orthopaedic surgery using Bluetooth-assisted miniaturized-electrochemical sensor. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Hammond RJH, Falconer K, Powell T, Bowness R, Gillespie SH. A simple label-free method reveals bacterial growth dynamics and antibiotic action in real-time. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19393. [PMID: 36371444 PMCID: PMC9653415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the response of bacteria to environmental stress is hampered by the relative insensitivity of methods to detect growth. This means studies of antibiotic resistance and other physiological methods often take 24 h or longer. We developed and tested a scattered light and detection system (SLIC) to address this challenge, establishing the limit of detection, and time to positive detection of the growth of small inocula. We compared the light-scattering of bacteria grown in varying high and low nutrient liquid medium and the growth dynamics of two closely related organisms. Scattering data was modelled using Gompertz and Broken Stick equations. Bacteria were also exposed meropenem, gentamicin and cefoxitin at a range of concentrations and light scattering of the liquid culture was captured in real-time. We established the limit of detection for SLIC to be between 10 and 100 cfu mL-1 in a volume of 1-2 mL. Quantitative measurement of the different nutrient effects on bacteria were obtained in less than four hours and it was possible to distinguish differences in the growth dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae 1705 possessing the BlaKPC betalactamase vs. strain 1706 very rapidly. There was a dose dependent difference in the speed of action of each antibiotic tested at supra-MIC concentrations. The lethal effect of gentamicin and lytic effect of meropenem, and slow bactericidal effect of cefoxitin were demonstrated in real time. Significantly, strains that were sensitive to antibiotics could be identified in seconds. This research demonstrates the critical importance of improving the sensitivity of bacterial detection. This results in more rapid assessment of susceptibility and the ability to capture a wealth of data on the growth dynamics of bacteria. The rapid rate at which killing occurs at supra-MIC concentrations, an important finding that needs to be incorporated into pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models. Importantly, enhanced sensitivity of bacterial detection opens the possibility of susceptibility results being reportable clinically in a few minutes, as we have demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. H. Hammond
- grid.11914.3c0000 0001 0721 1626Division of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Oxford, UK
| | - Kerry Falconer
- grid.11914.3c0000 0001 0721 1626Division of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Powell
- grid.11914.3c0000 0001 0721 1626Division of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth Bowness
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Mathematical Sciences, Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Stephen H. Gillespie
- grid.11914.3c0000 0001 0721 1626Division of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Oxford, UK
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6
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Behbahani SB, Kiridena SD, Wijayaratna UN, Taylor C, Anker JN, Tzeng TRJ. pH variation in medical implant biofilms: Causes, measurements, and its implications for antibiotic resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1028560. [PMID: 36386694 PMCID: PMC9659913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1028560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of implanted medical devices has greatly improved the quality of life and increased longevity. However, infection remains a significant risk because bacteria can colonize device surfaces and form biofilms that are resistant to antibiotics and the host's immune system. Several factors contribute to this resistance, including heterogeneous biochemical and pH microenvironments that can affect bacterial growth and interfere with antibiotic biochemistry; dormant regions in the biofilm with low oxygen, pH, and metabolites; slow bacterial growth and division; and poor antibody penetration through the biofilm, which may also be regions with poor acid product clearance. Measuring pH in biofilms is thus key to understanding their biochemistry and offers potential routes to detect and treat latent infections. This review covers the causes of biofilm pH changes and simulations, general findings of metabolite-dependent pH gradients, methods for measuring pH in biofilms, effects of pH on biofilms, and pH-targeted antimicrobial-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cedric Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
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7
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Marek R, Ćwieka H, Donohue N, Holweg P, Moosmann J, Beckmann F, Brcic I, Schwarze UY, Iskhakova K, Chaabane M, Sefa S, Zeller-Plumhoff B, Weinberg AM, Willumeit-Römer R, Sommer NG. Degradation behavior and osseointegration of Mg-Zn-Ca screws in different bone regions of growing sheep: a pilot study. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac077. [PMID: 36683753 PMCID: PMC9845522 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based implants are highly attractive for the orthopedic field and may replace titanium (Ti) as support for fracture healing. To determine the implant-bone interaction in different bony regions, we implanted Mg-based alloy ZX00 (Mg < 0.5 Zn < 0.5 Ca, in wt%) and Ti-screws into the distal epiphysis and distal metaphysis of sheep tibiae. The implant degradation and osseointegration were assessed in vivo and ex vivo after 4, 6 and 12 weeks, using a combination of clinical computed tomography, medium-resolution micro computed tomography (µCT) and high-resolution synchrotron radiation µCT (SRµCT). Implant volume loss, gas formation and bone growth were evaluated for both implantation sites and each bone region independently. Additionally, histological analysis of bone growth was performed on embedded hard-tissue samples. We demonstrate that in all cases, the degradation rate of ZX00-implants ranges between 0.23 and 0.75 mm/year. The highest degradation rates were found in the epiphysis. Bone-to-implant contact varied between the time points and bone types for both materials. Mostly, bone-volume-to-total-volume was higher around Ti-implants. However, we found an increased cortical thickness around the ZX00-screws when compared with the Ti-screws. Our results showed the suitability of ZX00-screws for implantation into the distal meta- and epiphysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas Donohue
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick Holweg
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Julian Moosmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Felix Beckmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Iva Brcic
- D&R Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Uwe Yacine Schwarze
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria,Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kamila Iskhakova
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Marwa Chaabane
- SCANCO Medical AG, 8306 Wangen-Brüttisellen, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Sefa
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Berit Zeller-Plumhoff
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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8
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Fast and Inexpensive Separation of Bright Phosphor Particles from Commercial Sources by Gravitational and Centrifugal Sedimentation for Deep Tissue X-ray Luminescence Imaging. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9050347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
X-ray luminescence tomography (XLT) detects X-ray scintillators contrast agents using a focused or collimated X-ray beam to provide high spatial resolution excitation through thick tissue. The approach requires bright nanophosphors that are either synthesized or purchased. However, currently available commercial nanophosphors are mostly composed of a polydisperse mixture of several micro- to nano-sized particles that are unsuitable for biomedical imaging applications because of their size and aggregated form. Here, we demonstrate a fast and robust method to obtain uniform nano to submicron phosphor particles from a commercial source of polydisperse Eu- and Tb-doped Gd2O2S particles by separating the smaller particles present using gravitational and centrifugal sedimentation. In contrast to ball milling for 15–60 min, which drastically degraded the particles’ brightness while reducing their size, our sedimentation method enabled the extraction of comparatively bright nanophosphors (≈100–300 nm in size) with a luminescence intensity of ≈10–20% of the several micron particles in the sample. Moreover, if scale up for higher yielding is required, the sedimentation process can be accelerated using fixed-angle and/or swinging bucket rotating centrifugation. Finally, after separation and characterization, nano and submicron phosphors were suspended and imaged through 5 mm thick porcine tissue using our in-house-built scanning X-ray induced luminescence chemical imaging (XELCI) system.
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9
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De Marchi S, García-Lojo D, Bodelón G, Pérez-Juste J, Pastoriza-Santos I. Plasmonic Au@Ag@mSiO 2 Nanorattles for In Situ Imaging of Bacterial Metabolism by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:61587-61597. [PMID: 34927427 PMCID: PMC8719315 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that microbial populations and their interactions are largely influenced by their secreted metabolites. Noninvasive and spatiotemporal monitoring and imaging of such extracellular metabolic byproducts can be correlated with biological phenotypes of interest and provide new insights into the structure and development of microbial communities. Herein, we report a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) hybrid substrate consisting of plasmonic Au@Ag@mSiO2 nanorattles for optophysiological monitoring of extracellular metabolism in microbial populations. A key element of the SERS substrate is the mesoporous silica shell encapsulating single plasmonic nanoparticles, which furnishes colloidal stability and molecular sieving capabilities to the engineered nanostructures, thereby realizing robust, sensitive, and reliable measurements. The reported SERS-based approach may be used as a powerful tool for deciphering the role of extracellular metabolites and physicochemical factors in microbial community dynamics and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah De Marchi
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia
Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Daniel García-Lojo
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia
Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Gustavo Bodelón
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia
Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Juste
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia
Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Isabel Pastoriza-Santos
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia
Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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10
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Wijayaratna U, Kiridena S, Adams JD, Behrend CJ, Anker JN. Synovial fluid pH sensor for early detection of prosthetic hip infections. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2104124. [PMID: 36478668 PMCID: PMC9725744 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe an implantable sensor developed to measure synovial fluid pH for noninvasive early detection and monitoring of hip infections using standard-of-care plain radiography. The sensor was made of a pH responsive polyacrylic acid-based hydrogel, which expands at high pH and contracts at low pH. A radiodense tantalum bead and a tungsten wire were embedded in the two ends of the hydrogel in order to monitor the change in length of the hydrogel sensor in response to pH via plain radiography. The effective pKa of the hydrogel-based pH sensor was 5.6 with a sensitivity of 3 mm/pH unit between pH 4 and 8. The sensor showed a linear response and reversibility in the physiologically relevant pH range of pH 6.5 and 7.5 in both buffer and bovine synovial fluid solutions with a 30-minute time constant. The sensor was attached to an explanted prosthetic hip and the pH response determined from the X-ray images by measuring the length between the tantalum bead and the radiopaque wire. Therefore, the developed sensor would enable noninvasive detection and studying of implant hip infection using plain radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthpala Wijayaratna
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 102 BRC, 105 Collings St., Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sachindra Kiridena
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 102 BRC, 105 Collings St., Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - John D Adams
- Prisma Health-Upstate, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Floor Support Tower, 701 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey N Anker
- Departments of Chemistry and BioEngineering, and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technology (COMSET), Clemson University, 102 BRC, 105 Collings St., Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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11
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Suckey MM, Benza DW, DesJardins JD, Anker JN. Upconversion Spectral Rulers for Transcutaneous Displacement Measurements. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103554. [PMID: 34065299 PMCID: PMC8160897 DOI: 10.3390/s21103554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe a method to measure micron to millimeter displacement through tissue using an upconversion spectral ruler. Measuring stiffness (displacement under load) in muscles, bones, ligaments, and tendons is important for studying and monitoring healing of injuries. Optical displacement measurements are useful because they are sensitive and noninvasive. Optical measurements through tissue must use spectral rather than imaging approaches because optical scattering in the tissue blurs the image with a point spread function typically around the depth of the tissue. Additionally, the optical measurement should have low background and minimal intensity dependence. Previously, we demonstrated a spectral encoder using either X-ray luminescence or fluorescence, but the X-ray luminescence required an expensive X-ray source and used ionizing radiation, while the fluorescence sensor suffered from interference from autofluorescence. Here, we used upconversion, which can be provided with a simple fiber-coupled spectrometer with essentially autofluorescence-free signals. The upconversion phosphors provide a low background signal, and the use of closely spaced spectral peaks minimizes spectral distortion from the tissue. The small displacement noise level (precision) through tissue was 2 µm when using a microscope-coupled spectrometer to collect light. We also showed proof of principle for measuring strain on a tendon mimic. The approach provides a simple method to study biomechanics using implantable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Suckey
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (M.M.S.); (D.W.B.)
| | - Donald W. Benza
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (M.M.S.); (D.W.B.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - John D. DesJardins
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Jeffrey N. Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (M.M.S.); (D.W.B.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
- Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering (COMSET) and Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Manouras T, Koufakis E, Vasilaki E, Peraki I, Vamvakaki M. Antimicrobial Hybrid Coatings Combining Enhanced Biocidal Activity under Visible-Light Irradiation with Stimuli-Renewable Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17183-17195. [PMID: 33734694 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid, organic-inorganic, biocidal films exhibiting polishing properties were developed as effective long-lasting antimicrobial surface coatings. The films were prepared using cationically modified chitosan, synthesized by the reaction with 3-bromo-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium bromide, to introduce permanent biocidal quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) groups along the polymer backbone and were cross-linked by a novel, pH-cleavable acetal cross-linker, which allowed polishing the hybrid coatings with the solution pH. TiO2 nanoparticles, modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets, to narrow their band gap energy value and shift their photocatalytic activity in the visible light regime, were introduced within the polymer film to enhance its antibacterial activity. The hybrid coatings exhibited an effective biocidal activity in the dark (∼2 Log and ∼3 Log reduction for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively), when only the QAS sites interacted with the bacteria membrane, and an excellent biocidal action upon visible-light irradiation (∼5 Log and ∼6 Log reduction for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively) due to the synergistic antimicrobial effect of the QAS moieties and the rGO-modified TiO2 nanoparticles. The gradual decrease in the film thickness, upon immersion of the coatings in mildly basic (pH 8), neutral (pH 7), and acidic (pH 6) media, reaching 10, 20, and 70% reduction, respectively, after 60 days of immersion time, confirmed the polishing behavior of the films, whereas their effective antimicrobial action was retained. The biocompatibility of the hybrid films was verified in human cell culture studies. The proposed approach enables the facile development of highly functional coatings, combining biocompatibility and bactericidal action with a "kill and self-clean" mechanism that allows the regeneration of the outer surface of the coating leading to a strong and prolonged antimicrobial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Manouras
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Koufakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelia Vasilaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioanna Peraki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
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13
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Uzair U, Johnson C, Beladi-Behbahani S, Rajamanthrilage AC, Raval YS, Benza D, Ranasinghe M, Schober G, Tzeng TRJ, Anker JN. Conformal Coating of Orthopedic Plates with X-ray Scintillators and pH Indicators for X-ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging through Tissue. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52343-52353. [PMID: 33181017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe a pH-indicating material that can be directly implanted or coated on orthopedic implant surfaces to provide high-spatial-resolution pH mapping through tissue by X-ray excited luminescence chemical imaging (XELCI). This is especially useful for detecting local pH changes during treatment of implant-associated infections. The material has two layers: an X-ray scintillator layer with Gd2O2S:Eu in epoxy, which emits 620 and 700 nm light when irradiated with X-rays, and a pH indicator dye layer, which absorbs some of the 620 nm light in a pH-dependent fashion. To acquire each pixel in the image, a focused X-ray beam irradiates a small region of scintillators and the ratio of 620 to 700 nm light is acquired through the tissue. Scanning the X-ray beam across the implant surface generates high-spatial-resolution chemical measurements. Two associated challenges are (1) to make robust sensors that can be implanted in tissue to measure local chemical concentrations specifically for metal orthopedic implants and (2) to conformally coat the implant surface with scintillators and pH indicator dyes in order to make measurements over a large area. Previously, we have physically pressed or glued a pH-sensitive hydrogel sensor onto the surface of an implant, but this is impractical for imaging over large irregular device areas such as an orthopedic plate with holes and edges. Herein, we describe a chemically sensitive and biocompatible XELCI sensor material that can conformally coat the implant surface. A two-part commercial-grade epoxy resin was mixed with Gd2O2S:Eu and adhered to the titanium surface. Sugar and salt particles were added to the surface of the epoxy as it cured to create a roughened surface and increase the surface area. On this roughened surface, a secondary layer of diacrylated polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel, containing a pH sensitive dye, was polymerized. This combination of epoxy-PEG layers was found to adhere well to the metal implant unlike other previously tested polymer surfaces, which delaminated when exposed to water or humidity. The focused X-ray beam enabled 0.5 mm spatial resolution through 1 cm-thick tissue. The pH sensor-coated orthopedic plate was imaged with XELCI, through tissue, with different pH levels to acquire a calibration curve. The plates were also imaged through tissue, with a low pH region on one section due to growth of a Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. A pH sensor-coated stainless-steel rod with two distinct pH regions was inserted in a rabbit tibia specimen, and the pH was imaged through both bone and soft tissue. These studies demonstrate the use of pH sensor-coated orthopedic plates and rods for mapping the local pH through tissue during biofilm formation by XELCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unaiza Uzair
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Chloe Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | | | | | - Yash S Raval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Donald Benza
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Meenakshi Ranasinghe
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Gretchen Schober
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Jeffrey N Anker
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technology (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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14
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Steinegger A, Wolfbeis OS, Borisov SM. Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12357-12489. [PMID: 33147405 PMCID: PMC7705895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive review on methods and materials for use in optical sensing of pH values and on applications of such sensors. The Review starts with an introduction that contains subsections on the definition of the pH value, a brief look back on optical methods for sensing of pH, on the effects of ionic strength on pH values and pKa values, on the selectivity, sensitivity, precision, dynamic ranges, and temperature dependence of such sensors. Commonly used optical sensing schemes are covered in a next main chapter, with subsections on methods based on absorptiometry, reflectometry, luminescence, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance, photonic crystals, turbidity, mechanical displacement, interferometry, and solvatochromism. This is followed by sections on absorptiometric and luminescent molecular probes for use pH in sensors. Further large sections cover polymeric hosts and supports, and methods for immobilization of indicator dyes. Further and more specific sections summarize the state of the art in materials with dual functionality (indicator and host), nanomaterials, sensors based on upconversion and 2-photon absorption, multiparameter sensors, imaging, and sensors for extreme pH values. A chapter on the many sensing formats has subsections on planar, fiber optic, evanescent wave, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance and holography based sensor designs, and on distributed sensing. Another section summarizes selected applications in areas, such as medicine, biology, oceanography, bioprocess monitoring, corrosion studies, on the use of pH sensors as transducers in biosensors and chemical sensors, and their integration into flow-injection analyzers, microfluidic devices, and lab-on-a-chip systems. An extra section is devoted to current challenges, with subsections on challenges of general nature and those of specific nature. A concluding section gives an outlook on potential future trends and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Steinegger
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Otto S. Wolfbeis
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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15
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Suckey MM, Benza D, Arifuzzaman M, Millhouse PW, Anderson D, Heath J, DesJardins JD, Anker JN. Luminescent Spectral Rulers for Noninvasive Displacement Measurement through Tissue. ACS Sens 2020; 5:711-718. [PMID: 32096404 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A luminescent spectral ruler was developed to measure micrometer to millimeter displacements through tissue. The spectral ruler has two components: a luminescent encoder patterned with alternating stripes of two spectrally distinct luminescent materials and an analyzer mask with periodic transparent windows the same width as the encoder stripes. The analyzer mask is placed over the encoder and held so that only one type of luminescent stripe is visible through the window; sliding the analyzer over the encoder modulates the luminescence spectrum acquired through the analyzer windows, enabling detection of small displacements without imaging. We prepared two types of spectral rulers, one with a fluorescent encoder and a second with an X-ray excited optical luminescent (XEOL) encoder. The fluorescent ruler used two types of quantum dots to form stripes that were excited with 633 nm light and emitted at 645 and 680 nm, respectively. Each ruler type was covered with chicken breast tissue to simulate implantation. The XEOL ruler generated a strong signal with negligible tissue autofluorescence but used ionizing radiation, while the fluorescence ruler used non-ionizing red light excitation but required spectral fitting to account for tissue autofluorescence. The precision for both types of luminescent spectral rulers (with 1 mm wide analyzer windows, and measured through 6 mm of tissue) was <2 μm, mostly limited by shot noise. The approach enabled high micrometer to millimeter displacement measurements through tissue and has applications in biomechanical and mechanochemical measurements (e.g., tracking postsurgical bone healing and implant-associated infection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Suckey
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Donald Benza
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Md. Arifuzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Paul W. Millhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Dakotah Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Jonathan Heath
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - John D. DesJardins
- Department of BioEngineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technology (COMSET) and Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Department of BioEngineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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16
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Uzair U, Benza D, Behrend CJ, Anker JN. Noninvasively Imaging pH at the Surface of Implanted Orthopedic Devices with X-ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2367-2374. [PMID: 31487166 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Implanted medical device-associated infections are a leading cause of fixation failure, and early diagnosis is the key to successful treatment. During infection, acidosis near the implant plays a role in antibiotic resistance and low pH is a potential infection indicator. Herein, we describe a pH sensor which attaches to the implants to noninvasively image local pH with high spatial resolution. The sensor has two layers: a scintillator layer which emits 620 and 700 nm light upon X-ray irradiation and a pH indicator layer containing bromocresol green dye that absorbs 620 nm luminescence in neutral/basic pH and passes 700 nm light at all pHs. We also developed a dedicated imaging system capable of scanning relatively large specimens through thick tissues. A focused X-ray beam irradiates one spot on the sensor, and the 620 to 700 nm peak ratio is measured to determine the local pH; images are acquired by scanning the X-ray beam across the surface and measuring the pH point-by-point. The sensor was covered with varying thickness slices of chicken breast tissue (0-19 mm) to evaluate how the tissue affects the peak intensity and ratio. Thick tissues attenuated both 620 and 700 nm light, with more attenuation at 620 nm than 700 nm. Although this spectral distortion shifted the pH calibration curve, the effect could be corrected for using a scintillator film region with no pH indicator layer as a spectral reference. The sensor was attached to an orthopedic plate affixed to a human cadaveric tibia and imaged through tissue. This approach provides both high spatial resolution from focused X-ray excitation and surface chemical specificity from the indicator dye, providing a tool for imaging local pH through tissue.
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17
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Shamsipur M, Barati A, Nematifar Z. Fluorescent pH nanosensors: Design strategies and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Radunz S, Andresen E, Würth C, Koerdt A, Tschiche HR, Resch-Genger U. Simple Self-Referenced Luminescent pH Sensors Based on Upconversion Nanocrystals and pH-Sensitive Fluorescent BODIPY Dyes. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7756-7764. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Radunz
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elina Andresen
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Koerdt
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Rune Tschiche
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department 7, BfR German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Arifuzzaman M, Millhouse PW, Raval Y, Pace TB, Behrend CJ, Behbahani SB, DesJarins JD, Tzeng TRJ, Anker JN. An implanted pH sensor read using radiography. Analyst 2019; 144:2984-2993. [PMID: 30888348 PMCID: PMC6491216 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A biomedical sensor was developed to measure local pH near orthopedic implants to detect and study implant-associated infection. The sensor is read using plain radiography, a technique which is noninvasive, inexpensive, ubiquitously available in medical facilities, and routinely used in diagnosis and follow-up. The sensor comprises a radiopaque tungsten indicator pin embedded within a chemically responsive hydrogel that exhibits a pH-dependent swelling. A stainless steel well holds this hydrogel and attaches to an orthopedic plate. The local pH may be determined from the extent of hydrogel swelling by radiographically measuring the indicator position relative to the well. We calibrated the sensor in a series of standard pH buffers and tested it during bacterial growth in culture. The sensor was robust: its response was negligibly affected by changes in temperature, ionic strength within the normal physiological range, or long-term incubation with reactive oxygen species generated from hydrogen peroxide and copper. Pooled data from several sensors fabricated at different times and tested in different conditions had a root-mean-square deviation from a pH electrode reading of 0.24 pH units. Radiographic measurements were also performed in cadaveric tissue with the sensor attached to an orthopedic plate fixed to a tibia. Pin position readings varied by 100 μm between observers surveying the same radiographs, corresponding to 0.065 pH units precision in the range pH 4-8. The sensor was designed to augment standard radiographs of tissue, bony anatomy, and hardware by also indicating local chemical concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yash Raval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
| | - Thomas B. Pace
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Greenville Health System (GHS), and University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville (USCSOMG), Greenville, SC
| | - Caleb J. Behrend
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
- OrthoArizona, Pheonix AZ
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey N. Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
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20
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Li T, Li J, Pang Q, Ma L, Tong W, Gao C. Construction of Microreactors for Cascade Reaction and Their Potential Applications as Antibacterial Agents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6789-6795. [PMID: 30702277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic cascade reactions in confined microenvironments play important roles in cellular chemical transformation. They also have important biotechnological and therapeutic applications. Here, enzymatic cascade microreactors (MRs) coupling glucose oxidase (GOx) and hemoglobin (Hb) (GOx-Hb MRs) were successfully fabricated by co-precipitation of GOx and Hb into a MnCO3 template, followed by the assembly of a multilayer film on a template surface, slight cross-linking, and final removal of MnCO3. In the presence of glucose with blood-relevant concentration, the GOx-Hb MRs exhibited a higher cascade reaction activity under mild acidic conditions than that under neutral conditions at physiological temperature. The GOx-Hb MRs effectively consumed glucose to generate HO· at pH = 5, which significantly inhibited bacterial growth and biofilm formation. This kind of enzymatic cascade microreactors might be useful for applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Jiawei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Qian Pang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Lie Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Weijun Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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21
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Ricciardelli A, Casillo A, Papa R, Monti DM, Imbimbo P, Vrenna G, Artini M, Selan L, Corsaro MM, Tutino ML, Parrilli E. Pentadecanal inspired molecules as new anti-biofilm agents against Staphylococcus epidermidis. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:1110-1120. [PMID: 30698031 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1544246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis, a harmless human skin colonizer, is a significant nosocomial pathogen in predisposed hosts because of its capability to form a biofilm on indwelling medical devices. In a recent paper, the purification and identification of the pentadecanal produced by the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125, able to impair S. epidermidis biofilm formation, were reported. Here the authors report on the chemical synthesis of pentadecanal derivatives, their anti-biofilm activity on S. epidermidis, and their action in combination with antibiotics. The results clearly indicate that the pentadecanal derivatives were able to prevent, to a different extent, biofilm formation and that pentadecanoic acid positively modulated the antimicrobial activity of the vancomycin. The cytotoxicity of these new anti-biofilm molecules was tested on two different immortalized eukaryotic cell lines in view of their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Casillo
- a Chemical Sciences , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Rosanna Papa
- b Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- a Chemical Sciences , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- a Chemical Sciences , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Gianluca Vrenna
- b Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Artini
- b Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Selan
- b Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Tutino
- a Chemical Sciences , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
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22
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Gu B, Zhang Q. Recent Advances on Functionalized Upconversion Nanoparticles for Detection of Small Molecules and Ions in Biosystems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700609. [PMID: 29593963 PMCID: PMC5867034 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress on upconversion-nanoparticle (UCNP)-based probes is witnessed in recent years. Compared with traditional fluorescent probes (e.g., organic dyes, metal complexes, or inorganic quantum dots), UCNPs have many advantages such as non-autofluorescence, high chemical stability, large light-penetration depth, long lifetime, and less damage to samples. This article focuses on recent achievements in the usage of lanthanide-doped UCNPs as efficient probes for biodetection since 2014. The mechanisms of upconversion as well as the luminescence resonance energy transfer process is introduced first, followed by a detailed summary on the recent researches of UCNP-based biodetections including the detection of inorganic ions, gas molecules, reactive oxygen species, and thiols and hydrogen sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
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23
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Someya D, Arai S, Fujie T, Takeoka S. Extracellular pH imaging of a plant leaf with a polyelectrolyte multilayered nanosheet. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35651-35657. [PMID: 35547891 PMCID: PMC9087818 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06308g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a sheet-like pH imaging sensor based on a flexible and physically adhesive polymer thin film (referred to as a “pH sensing nanosheet”). The pH sensing nanosheet was composed of two films: one is a pH-sensitive layer-by-layer (LbL) film constructed from fluorescein-conjugated poly(acrylic acid) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and the other is a pH-insensitive film made from Nile red-embedded poly(d,l-lactic acid). The pH sensing nanosheet enabled the ratiometric imaging of pH changes in a leaf (500 × 500 μm2), namely the apoplastic ion milieu responding to an external NaCl stress. It was successfully mapped out that the alkalization of the leaf apoplast spread from the leaf base to the tip at 20 min after the stimulation and the pH value increased up to approximately pH 6.3 from less than pH 4.5 within 60 min when a 100 mM NaCl aqueous solution was added. The pH sensing nanosheet should be useful for energy metabolic mapping in tissue biology. We have developed a sheet-like pH imaging sensor based on a flexible and physically adhesive polymer thin film (referred to as a “pH sensing nanosheet”).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Someya
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 162-8480
- Japan
| | - Satoshi Arai
- PRIME
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- Tokyo 100-0004
- Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 162-8480
- Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 162-8480
- Japan
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24
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Mahata MK, Bae H, Lee KT. Upconversion Luminescence Sensitized pH-Nanoprobes. Molecules 2017; 22:E2064. [PMID: 29186844 PMCID: PMC6149687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photon upconversion materials, featuring excellent photophysical properties, are promising for bio-medical research due to their low autofluorescence, non-cytotoxicity, low photobleaching and high photostability. Upconversion based pH-nanoprobes are attracting considerable interest due to their superiority over pH-sensitive molecular indicators and metal nanoparticles. Herein, we review the advances in upconversion based pH-nanoprobes, the first time in the seven years since their discovery in 2009. With a brief discussion on the upconversion materials and upconversion processes, the progress in this field has been overviewed, along with the toxicity and biodistribution of upconversion materials for intracellular application. We strongly believe that this survey will encourage the further pursuit of intense research for designing molecular pH-sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Mahata
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Hyeongyu Bae
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Kang Taek Lee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
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25
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Chen H, Sun X, Wang GD, Nagata K, Hao Z, Wang A, Li Z, Xie J, Shen B. LiGa 5O 8:Cr-based theranostic nanoparticles for imaging-guided X-ray induced photodynamic therapy of deep-seated tumors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2017; 4:1092-1101. [PMID: 31528350 PMCID: PMC6746429 DOI: 10.1039/c7mh00442g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Using X-ray as the irradiation source, a photodynamic therapy process can be initiated from under deep tissues. This technology, referred to as X-ray induced PDT, or X-PDT, holds great potential to treat tumors at internal organs. To this end, one question is how to navigate the treatment to tumors with accuracy with external irradiation. Herein we address the issue with a novel, LiGa5O8: Cr (LGO:Cr)-based nanoscintillator, which emits persistent, near-infrared X-ray luminescence. This permits deep-tissue optical imaging that can be employed to guide irradiation. Specifically, we encapsulated LGO:Cr nanoparticles and a photosensitizer, 2,3-naphthalocyanine, into mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were conjugated with cetuximab and systemically injected into H1299 orthotopic non-small cell lung cancer tumor models. The nanoconjugates can efficiently home to tumors in the lung, confirmed by monitoring X-ray luminescence from LGO:Cr. Guided by the imaging, external irradiation was applied, leading to efficient tumor suppression while minimally affecting normal tissues. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate, with systematically injected nanoparticles, that X-PDT can suppress growth of deep-seated tumors. The imaging guidance is also new to X-PDT, and is significant to the further transformation of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Chen
- Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), TOF-PET/CT/MR center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xilin Sun
- Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), TOF-PET/CT/MR center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Geoffrey D. Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Koichi Nagata
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhonglin Hao
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- ΔDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Corresponding Author: .
| | - Baozhong Shen
- Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), TOF-PET/CT/MR center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
- Corresponding Author: .
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26
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Effect of Antimicrobial and Physical Treatments on Growth of Multispecies Staphylococcal Biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.03483-16. [PMID: 28411222 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03483-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and structure of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis within multispecies biofilms were found to depend sensitively on physical environment and antibiotic dosage. Although these species commonly infect similar sites, such as orthopedic implants, little is known about their behavior in multispecies communities, particularly in response to treatment. This research establishes that S. aureus is much more prevalent than S. epidermidis when simultaneously seeded and grown under unstressed conditions (pH 7, 37°C) in both laboratory and clinical strains. In multispecies communities, S. epidermidis is capable of growing a more confluent biofilm when the addition of S. aureus is delayed 4 to 6 h during 18 h of growth. Different vancomycin dosages generate various behaviors: S. epidermidis is more prevalent at a dose of 1.0 μg/ml vancomycin, but reduced growth of both species occurs at 1.9 μg/ml vancomycin. This variability is consistent with the different MICs of S. aureus and S. epidermidis Growth at higher temperature (45°C) results in an environment where S. aureus forms porous biofilms. This porosity allows S. epidermidis to colonize more of the surface, resulting in detectable S. epidermidis biomass. Variations in pH result in increased prevalence of S. epidermidis at low pH (pH 5 and 6), while S. aureus remains dominant at high pH (pH 8 and 9). This work establishes the structural variability of multispecies staphylococcal biofilms as they undergo physical and antimicrobial treatments. It provides a basis for understanding the structure of these communities at infection sites and how treatments disrupt their multispecies behaviors.IMPORTANCEStaphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are two species of bacteria that are commonly responsible for biofilm infections on medical devices. Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria surrounded by polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA; bacteria are more resistant to antimicrobials as part of a biofilm than as individual cells. This work investigates the structure and prevalence of these two organisms when grown together in multispecies biofilms and shows shifts in the behavior of the polymicrobial community when grown in various concentrations of vancomycin (an antibiotic commonly used to treat staphylococcal infections), in a high-temperature environment (a condition previously shown to lead to cell disruption and death), and at low and high pH (a change that has been previously shown to soften the mechanical properties of staphylococcal biofilms). These shifts in community structure demonstrate the effect such treatments may have on multispecies staphylococcal infections.
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Abstract
In vivo biosensors are emerging as powerful tools in biomedical research and diagnostic medicine. Distinct from "labels" or "imaging", in vivo biosensors are designed for continuous and long-term monitoring of target analytes in real biological systems and should be selective, sensitive, reversible and biocompatible. Due to the challenges associated with meeting all of the analytical requirements, we found relatively few reports of research groups demonstrating devices that meet the strict definition in vivo. However, we identified several case studies and a range of emerging materials likely to lead to significant developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Rong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Simon R. Corrie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Heather A. Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
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28
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Zou X, Pan T, Chen L, Tian Y, Zhang W. Luminescence materials for pH and oxygen sensing in microbial cells - structures, optical properties, and biological applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:723-738. [PMID: 27627832 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1223011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Luminescence including fluorescence and phosphorescence sensors have been demonstrated to be important for studying cell metabolism, and diagnosing diseases and cancer. Various design principles have been employed for the development of sensors in different formats, such as organic molecules, polymers, polymeric hydrogels, and nanoparticles. The integration of the sensing with fluorescence imaging provides valuable tools for biomedical research and applications at not only bulk-cell level but also at single-cell level. In this article, we critically reviewed recent progresses on pH, oxygen, and dual pH and oxygen sensors specifically for their application in microbial cells. In addition, we focused not only on sensor materials with different chemical structures, but also on design and applications of sensors for better understanding cellular metabolism of microbial cells. Finally, we also provided an outlook for future materials design and key challenges in reaching broad applications in microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshao Zou
- a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China
| | - Tingting Pan
- a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- b Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , P.R. China.,c Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China , Tianjin , P.R. China.,d SynBio Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Tian
- a Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen , Guangdong , P.R. China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- b Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , P.R. China.,c Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China , Tianjin , P.R. China.,d SynBio Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin , P.R. China
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29
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Abstract
Luminescent films have received great interest for chemo-/bio-sensing applications due to their distinct advantages over solution-based probes, such as good stability and portability, tunable shape and size, non-invasion, real-time detection, extensive suitability in gas/vapor sensing, and recycling. On the other hand, they can achieve selective and sensitive detection of chemical/biological species using special luminophores with a recognition moiety or the assembly of common luminophores and functional materials. Nowadays, the extensively used assembly techniques include drop-casting/spin-coating, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB), self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), layer-by-layer (LBL), and electrospinning. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent advances in luminescent films with these assembly techniques and their applications in chemo-/bio-sensing. We mainly focused on the discussion of the relationship between the sensing properties of the films and their architecture. Furthermore, we discussed some critical challenges existing in this field and possible solutions that have been or are being developed to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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30
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González-Béjar M, Pérez-Prieto J. Upconversion luminescent nanoparticles in physical sensing and in monitoring physical processes in biological samples. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:042002. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/4/042002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Si Y, Grazon C, Clavier G, Rieger J, Audibert JF, Sclavi B, Méallet-Renault R. Rapid and accurate detection of Escherichia coli growth by fluorescent pH-sensitive organic nanoparticles for high-throughput screening applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 75:320-7. [PMID: 26334591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of bacterial growth is an important issue in the food industry and for medical research. Here we present a novel kind of pH-sensitive fluorescent nanoparticles (FANPs) that can be used for the rapid and accurate real-time detection of Escherichia coli growth. These organic particles are designed to be non-toxic and highly water-soluble. Here we show that the coupling of pH sensitive fluoresceinamine to the nanoparticles results in an increased sensitivity to changes in pH within a physiologically relevant range that can be used to monitor the presence of live bacteria. In addition, these FANPs do not influence bacterial growth and are stable over several hours in a complex medium and in the presence of bacteria. The use of these FANPs allows for continuous monitoring of bacterial growth via real-time detection over long time scales in small volumes and can thus be used for the screening of a large number of samples for high-throughput applications such as screening for the presence of antibiotic resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Si
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS-Cachan, 61 av President Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France; LBPA, CNRS UMR 8113, ENS-Cachan, 61 av President Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France
| | - Chloé Grazon
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS-Cachan, 61 av President Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France
| | - Gilles Clavier
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS-Cachan, 61 av President Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Bianca Sclavi
- LBPA, CNRS UMR 8113, ENS-Cachan, 61 av President Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France.
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32
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Stewart EJ, Ganesan M, Younger JG, Solomon MJ. Artificial biofilms establish the role of matrix interactions in staphylococcal biofilm assembly and disassembly. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13081. [PMID: 26272750 PMCID: PMC4536489 DOI: 10.1038/srep13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that the microstructural and mechanical properties of bacterial biofilms can be created through colloidal self-assembly of cells and polymers, and thereby link the complex material properties of biofilms to well understood colloidal and polymeric behaviors. This finding is applied to soften and disassemble staphylococcal biofilms through pH changes. Bacterial biofilms are viscoelastic, structured communities of cells encapsulated in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) comprised of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. Although the identity and abundance of EPS macromolecules are known, how these matrix materials interact with themselves and bacterial cells to generate biofilm morphology and mechanics is not understood. Here, we find that the colloidal self-assembly of Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A cells and polysaccharides into viscoelastic biofilms is driven by thermodynamic phase instability of EPS. pH conditions that induce phase instability of chitosan produce artificial S. epidermidis biofilms whose mechanics match natural S. epidermidis biofilms. Furthermore, pH-induced solubilization of the matrix triggers disassembly in both artificial and natural S. epidermidis biofilms. This pH-induced disassembly occurs in biofilms formed by five additional staphylococcal strains, including three clinical isolates. Our findings suggest that colloidal self-assembly of cells and matrix polymers produces biofilm viscoelasticity and that biofilm control strategies can exploit this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Mahesh Ganesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - John G. Younger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Michael J. Solomon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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33
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Wang F, Raval Y, Tzeng TRJ, Anker JN. X-Ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Growth on Surfaces Implanted in Tissue. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:903-10. [PMID: 25611007 PMCID: PMC4795460 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A pH sensor film is developed that can be coated on an implant surface and imaged using a combination of X-ray excitation and visible spectroscopy to monitor bacterial infection and treatment of implanted medical devices (IMDs) through tissue. X-ray scintillators in the pH sensor film generate light when an X-ray beam irradiates them. This light first passes through a layer containing pH indicator that alters the spectrum according to pH, then passes through and out of the tissue where it is detected by a spectrometer. A reference region on the film is used to account for spectral distortion from wavelength-dependent absorption and scattering in the tissue. pH images are acquired by moving the sample relative to the X-ray beam and collecting a spectrum at each location, with a spatial resolution limited by the X-ray beam width. Using this X-ray excited luminescence chemical imaging (XELCI) to map pH through ex vivo porcine tissue, a pH drop is detected during normal bacterial growth on the sensor surface, and a restoration of the pH to the bulk value during antibiotic treatment over the course of hours with milli-meter resolution. Overall, XELCI provides a novel approach to noninvasively image surface pH for studying implant infections and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering (COMSET) and Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - Yash Raval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, United States
| | - Tzuen-Rong J. Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, United States
| | - Jeffrey N Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering (COMSET) and Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
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34
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Burks PT, Garcia JV, GonzalezIrias R, Tillman JT, Niu M, Mikhailovsky AA, Zhang J, Zhang F, Ford PC. Nitric Oxide Releasing Materials Triggered by Near-Infrared Excitation Through Tissue Filters. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18145-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja408516w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Burks
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - John V. Garcia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Ricardo GonzalezIrias
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Jason T. Tillman
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Mutong Niu
- Suzhou Institute
for Nanotech and Nanobionics, Suzhou
Industrial Park, Suzhou, China
| | - Alexander A. Mikhailovsky
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Suzhou Institute
for Nanotech and Nanobionics, Suzhou
Industrial Park, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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