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Javed S, Mangla B, Sultan MH, Almoshari Y, Sivadasan D, Alqahtani SS, Madkhali OA, Ahsan W. Pharmaceutical applications of therapeutic deep eutectic systems (THEDES) in maximising drug delivery. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29783. [PMID: 38694051 PMCID: PMC11058303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The issue of poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has been a salient area of investigation and novel drug delivery systems are being developed to improve the solubility of drugs, enhance their permeability and thereby their efficacy. Several techniques for solubilization enhancement of poorly soluble drugs are often employed at various stages of pharmaceutical drug product development. One such delivery system is the therapeutic deep eutectic system (THEDES), which showed great potential in the enhancement of solubility and permeability of drugs and ultimately augmenting their bioavailability. THEDES are made by mixing drugs with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in a definite molar ratio by the hit and trial method. The DESs are a new class of green solvents which are non-toxic, cheap, easy to prepare, biodegradable and have multiple applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The terminologies such as ionic liquids (ILs), DES, THEDES, and therapeutic liquid eutectic systems (THELES) have been very much in use recently, and it is important to highlight the pharmaceutical applications of these unexplored reservoirs in drug solubilization enhancement, drug delivery routes, and in the management of various diseases. This review is aimed at discussing the components, formulation strategies, and routes of administration of THEDES that are used in developing the formulation. Also, the major pharmaceutical applications of THEDES in the treatment of various metabolic and non-metabolic diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamama Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bharti Mangla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Muhammad H. Sultan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Durgaramani Sivadasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Madkhali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waquar Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Le NT, Nguyen TPD, Ho DV, Phung HT, Nguyen HT. A green method to extract rutin from Sophora japonica L. MethodsX 2023; 11:102479. [PMID: 38023307 PMCID: PMC10679937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sophora japonica L. contains high levels of rutin, which has great potential for use in pharmaceutical products for the treatment of diseases related to the cardiovascular and circulatory systems. We proposed a method of extracting rutin from S. japonica by using a green solvent.•Green deep eutectic solvents (DESs) of choline chloride and ethylene glycol (ChCl-Eth) showed the highest extraction efficiency of rutin from S. japonica.•Under optimal conditions, the extraction yield of ChCl-Eth was 1.34 times higher than that of methanol as solvent.•Rutin was recovered from the DES extracts using water as the antisolvent with a high recovery yield, and the DESs of ChCl-Eth could be productively recovered and reused at least 3 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhan Trong Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Viet Nam
| | - Trieu Phat Dac Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Viet Nam
| | - Duc Viet Ho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Hoai Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Viet Nam
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Fukuta T, Ikeda-Imafuku M, Iwao Y. Development of Edaravone Ionic Liquids and Their Application for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37155370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of the ionic liquid (IL) form of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), termed API-IL, has attracted attention because it can improve upon certain disadvantages of APIs, such as poor water solubility and low stability. Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) is a clinically approved cerebroprotective agent against ischemic stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, while new formulations that enable improvement of its physicochemical properties and biodistribution are desired. Herein, we report a newly developed API-IL of edaravone (edaravone-IL), in which edaravone is used as an anionic molecule. We investigated the physicochemical properties of edaravone-IL and its therapeutic effect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a secondary injury after an ischemic stroke. Among the cationic molecules used for edaravone-IL preparation, the IL prepared with tetrabutylphosphonium cation existed as a liquid at room temperature, and significantly increased the water solubility of edaravone without decreasing its antioxidative activity. Importantly, edaravone-IL formed negatively charged nanoparticles upon suspension in water. Intravenous administration of edaravone-IL showed significantly higher blood circulation time and lower distribution in the kidney compared with edaravone solution. Moreover, edaravone-IL significantly suppressed brain cell damage and motor functional deficits in model rats of cerebral I/R injury and showed comparable cerebroprotective effect to edaravone. Taken together, these results suggest that edaravone-IL could be a new form of edaravone with superior physicochemical properties and could be useful for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Fukuta
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ikeda-Imafuku
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwao
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
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Basu M, Hassan PA, Shelar SB. Modulation of surfactant self-assembly in deep eutectic solvents and its relevance to drug delivery-A review. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Deep Eutectic Solvents – ideal solution for clean air or hidden danger? Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Bowen H, Durrani R, Delavault A, Durand E, Chenyu J, Yiyang L, Lili S, Jian S, Weiwei H, Fei G. Application of deep eutectic solvents in protein extraction and purification. Front Chem 2022; 10:912411. [PMID: 36147253 PMCID: PMC9485462 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.912411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a mixture of hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) molecules that can consist, respectively, of natural plant metabolites such as sugars, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and ionic molecules, which are for the vast majority ammonium salts. Media such as DESs are modular tools of sustainability that can be pointed toward the extraction of bioactive molecules due to their excellent physicochemical properties, their relatively low price, and accessibility. The present review focuses on the application of DESs for protein extraction and purification. The in-depth effects and principles that apply to DES-mediated extraction using various renewable biomasses will be discussed as well. One of the most important observations being made is that DESs have a clear ability to maintain the biological and/or functional activity of the extracted proteins, as well as increase their stability compared to traditional solvents. They demonstrate true potential for a reproducible but more importantly, scalable protein extraction and purification compared to traditional methods while enabling waste valorization in some particular cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou Bowen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rabia Durrani
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - André Delavault
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Erwann Durand
- CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, Montpellier, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université de la Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Jiang Chenyu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Yiyang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Lili
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Song Jian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Weiwei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Gao Fei, ; Huan Weiwei,
| | - Gao Fei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gao Fei, ; Huan Weiwei,
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Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a relatively new type of solvent that have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their environmentally friendly properties and their versatility in many applications. Many possible DESs have been described and, thus, it is not easy to unequivocally characterize and generalize their properties. This is especially important in the case of the (eco)toxicity information that can be found for these mixtures. In this review, we collect data on the human and environmental toxicity of DESs, with the aim of gathering and exploring the behavioral patterns of DESs. The toxicity data found were analyzed attending to different factors: hydrogen bond donors or acceptors that form part of the eutectic mixture, pH, and the presence of organic acids in the DES molar ratio of the components, or interactions with natural compounds. In the case of ecotoxicity, results generally depend on the biomodel studied, along with other factors that have been also revised. Finally, we also carried out a revision of the biodegradation of DESs.
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