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Luo R, Xiang X, Jiao Q, Hua H, Chen Y. Photoresponsive Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3612-3630. [PMID: 38816677 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Hydrophilic and biocompatible hydrogels are widely applied as ideal scaffolds in tissue engineering. The "smart" gelation material can alter its structural, physiochemical, and functional features in answer to various endo/exogenous stimuli to better biomimic the endogenous extracellular matrix for the engineering of cells and tissues. Light irradiation owns a high spatial-temporal resolution, complete biorthogonal reactivity, and fine-tunability and can thus induce physiochemical reactions within the matrix of photoresponsive hydrogels with good precision, efficiency, and safety. Both gel structure (e.g., geometry, porosity, and dimension) and performance (like conductivity and thermogenic or mechanical properties) can hence be programmed on-demand to yield the biochemical and biophysical signals regulating the morphology, growth, motility, and phenotype of engineered cells and tissues. Here we summarize the strategies and mechanisms for encoding light-reactivity into a hydrogel and demonstrate how fantastically such responsive gels change their structure and properties with light irradiation as desired and thus improve their applications in tissue engineering including cargo delivery, dynamic three-dimensional cell culture, and tissue repair and regeneration, aiming to provide a basis for more and better translation of photoresponsive hydrogels in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xianjing Xiang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qiangqiang Jiao
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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2
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Liu X, Cao Y, Wang H, Hu Y, Wang Z, Li Y, Yang W, Cheng H, Lu Z. Phytic acid cross-linked and Hofmeister effect strengthened polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for zinc ion storage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:554-557. [PMID: 38088855 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05008d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
It is a big challenge to retain the water and thus reduce the charge impedance for solid electrolytes used in flexible and wearable zinc ion batteries. Here, we propose novel phytic acid (PA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels as high-performanced solid electrolytes strengthened by the Hofmeister effect. In this approach, freeze-thawing followed by a salting-out procedure via anions to induce the Hofmeister effect can greatly improve the tensile strain and flexibility of the hydrogels. The PA addition dramatically enhances the ionic conductivity and increases the affinity between the electrolyte and zinc plate. Consequently, the PVA/PA hydrogels exhibit remarkable electrochemical performances with stable full-cell cycling in zinc ion storage and capability in inhibiting Zn dendrite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Liu
- Industrial Training Center, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yulin Cao
- Industrial Training Center, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Haiou Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yingqi Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yingzhi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Weimin Yang
- Industrial Training Center, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
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Ye Y, Wang Y, Zhang K, Guo W, Kong T, Ding X, Zhao N, Xu F. Facile fabrication of two-dimensional iodine nanosheets for antibacterial therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1311-1317. [PMID: 36723355 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01763f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a facile approach for the preparation of two-dimensional iodine nanosheets (2D iodine NSs) with good stability and high biocompatibility via an aqueous solvent-assisted ultrasonic route. Due to the large specific surface area of the 2D morphology, iodine NSs effectively interact with bacterial membranes and destroy bacterial integrity, as well as further damaging intracellular DNA, showing prominent antibacterial activity against S. aureus in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaokang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Nana Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fujian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Xie G, Wang X, Mo M, Zhang L, Zhu J. Photothermal Hydrogels for Promoting Infected Wound Healing. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200378. [PMID: 36337010 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapies (PTT), with spatiotemporally controllable antibacterial capabilities without inducing resistance, have shown encouraging prospects in the field of infected wound treatments. As an important platform for PTT, photothermal hydrogels exhibit attractive advantages in the field of infected wound treatment due to their excellent biochemical properties and have been intensively explored in recent years. This review summarizes the progress of the photothermal hydrogels for promoting infected wound healing. Three major elements of photothermal hydrogels, i.e., photothermal materials, hydrogel matrix, and construction methods, are introduced. Furthermore, different strategies of photothermal hydrogels in the treatment of infected wounds are summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects in the clinical treatment of photothermal hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Xie
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Min Mo
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
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Xie G, Du S, Huang Q, Hu Q, Bi D, Peng B, Tao J, Zhang L, Zhu J. When Iodine Meets Starch: On-Demand Generation of Photothermal Hydrogels for Mild-Temperature Photothermal-Chemo Disinfection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1914-1924. [PMID: 36583973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging antibacterial strategy, photothermal disinfection attracts increasing attention due to its advantages of high efficacy, wide pertinence, and non-drug resistance. However, the unavoidable shielding of observation by photothermal components and the possible damage to normal tissue caused by hyperthermia restrict its applications. Herein, we propose a composite hydrogel with the ability of on-demand generation of photothermal components and mild-temperature photothermal disinfection by elegantly tuning the binding and release of iodine and starch. The composite hydrogel is obtained by blending iodine-adsorbed pH-responsive ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs) with a starch-based hydrogel matrix. Through a convenient pH response, the composite hydrogel leverages the triple functions of iodine, which serves as a disinfectant and reacts with starch to generate a photothermal agent and color indicator, allowing photothermal-chemotherapy combined disinfection on demand. In vitro antibacterial experiments show that the composite hydrogel can respond to the acidification of the microenvironment caused by bacterial metabolism and produce corresponding color changes, realizing naked-eye observation. Meanwhile, under the combined treatment of heating/I2/Zn2+, the composite hydrogel can completely kill Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at a mild temperature of ∼41 °C. This study represents a breakthrough in on-demand generation of photothermal hydrogels for mild-temperature photothermal disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Xie
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Shuo Du
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan430022, China
| | - Qiao Hu
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Duohang Bi
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Bolun Peng
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan430022, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
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Yang X, Lv S, Li T, Hao S, Zhu H, Cheng Y, Li S, Song H. Dual Thermo-Responsive and Strain-Responsive Ionogels for Smart Windows and Temperature/Motion Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20083-20092. [PMID: 35468277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a stretchable, dual thermo-responsive and strain-responsive ionogel has been synthesized by one-step photopolymerization. The obtained ionogel shows an ultrahigh stretchability (∼3000%), a high ionic conductivity (up to 3.1 mS/cm), and a good temperature tolerance (-40 to 300 °C). Importantly, these ionogels show an upper critical solution temperature-type phase transition with a wide tunable phase-transition temperature (17.5-42.5 °C) and reversible color/transparency switching. In particular, the as-prepared ionogel-based flexible/wearable temperature monitors and smart windows show an excellent designability and programmability, temperature modulation ability, and thermal responsiveness. Moreover, the ionogels-based strain sensors have temperature- and strain-dual responsibility and a broad strain-sensing range (1-700%), which can effectively monitor various motions. This strategy of fabricating dual thermo- and strain-responsive ionogels by using a one-step method and only one polymer holds great promise for the next generation of multifunctional stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shufang Lv
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Hao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongnan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shuaijie Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongzan Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
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Hao R, Cui Z, Zhang X, Tian M, Zhang L, Rao F, Xue J. Rational Design and Preparation of Functional Hydrogels for Skin Wound Healing. Front Chem 2022; 9:839055. [PMID: 35141209 PMCID: PMC8818740 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.839055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing often contains a series of dynamic and complex physiological healing processes. It is a great clinical challenge to effectively treat the cutaneous wound and regenerate the damaged skin. Hydrogels have shown great promise for skin wound healing through the rational design and preparation to endow with specific functionalities. In the mini review, we firstly introduce the design and construction of various types of hydrogels based on their bonding chemistry during cross-linking. Then, we summarize the recent research progress on the functionalization of bioactive hydrogel dressings for skin wound healing, including anti-bacteria, anti-inflammatory, tissue proliferation and remodeling. In addition, we highlight the design strategies of responsive hydrogels to external physical stimuli. Ultimately, we provide perspectives on future directions and challenges of functional hydrogels for skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinan Hao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoyi Cui
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xindan Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Rao
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Ministry of Education, National Trauma Medical Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajia Xue, ; Feng Rao,
| | - Jiajia Xue
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajia Xue, ; Feng Rao,
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Huang X, Tang L, Xu L, Zhang Y, Li G, Peng W, Guo X, Zhou L, Liu C, Shen XC. NIR-II Light-Modulated Injectable Self-Healing Hydrogel for Synergistic Photothermal/Chemodynamic/Chemo-therapy of Melanoma and Wound Healing Promotion. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7717-7731. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00923d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of an injectable multifunctional hydrogel with tumor therapy, antibacterial treatment and wound healing properties is essential for simultaneous eradicating melanoma and promoting wound healing of tumor-initiated skin defects....
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Ming J, Zhu T, Li J, Ye Z, Shi C, Guo Z, Wang J, Chen X, Zheng N. A Novel Cascade Nanoreactor Integrating Two-Dimensional Pd-Ru Nanozyme, Uricase and Red Blood Cell Membrane for Highly Efficient Hyperuricemia Treatment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103645. [PMID: 34668309 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanozyme-based cascade reaction has emerged as an effective strategy for disease treatment because of its high efficiency and low side effects. Herein, a new and highly active two-dimensional Pd-Ru nanozyme is prepared and then integrated with uricase and red blood cell (RBC) membrane to fabricate a tandem nanoreactor, Pd-Ru/Uricase@RBC, for hyperuricemia treatment. The designed Pd-Ru/Uricase@RBC nanoreactor displayed not only good stability against extreme pH, temperature and proteolytic degradation, but also long circulation half-life and excellent safety. The nanoreactor can effectively degrade UA by uricase to allantoin and H2 O2 and remove H2 O2 by using Pd-Ru nanosheets (NSs) with the catalase (CAT)-like activity. More importantly, the finally produced O2 from H2 O2 decomposition can in turn facilitate the catalytic oxidation of UA, as the degradation of UA is an O2 consumption process. By integrating the high-efficiency enzymatic activity, long circulation capability, and good biocompatibility, the designed Pd-Ru/Uricase@RBC can effectively and safely treat hyperuricemia without side effects. The study affords a new alternative for the exploration of clinical treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tianbao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zichen Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Changrong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhide Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jingjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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