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Hayashi K, Zhang C, Taleb Alashkar AN, Ishikawa K. Carbonate Apatite Honeycomb Scaffold-Based Drug Delivery System for Repairing Osteoporotic Bone Defects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39182190 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporotic bone defects are difficult to repair in elderly patients. This study aimed to repair osteoporotic bone defects using a combination of bone tissue engineering (BTE) and drug delivery systems (DDS). Herein, honeycomb granules (HCGs) composed of carbonate apatite microspheres were fabricated as BTE scaffolds. Each HCG possesses hexagonal macropores and abundant interconnected micropores between the microspheres. Owing to these multiscale interconnected pores, HCGs can readily contain antibodies against sclerostin (Scl), which causes imbalances in bone homeostasis. Anti-Scl antibody-loaded HCGs (Scl-Ab-HCGs) regulate the release of Scl-Abs in response to the pH of the osteoporotic environment. In ovariectomized rabbit osteoporotic femurs, HCG monotherapy forms new bone with less osteocyte damage (fewer empty bone lacunae) and fewer osteoclasts than osteoporotic bone; however, it is insufficient to prevent receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) overexpression. Consequently, HCG monotherapy restores bone quantity better than no treatment but not to normal levels. In contrast, new bone tissue formed by Scl-Ab-HCG-based DDS predominantly expresses osteocalcin rather than RANKL, similar to normal bone, and shows a similar osteocyte apoptosis level, bone quantity, and osteoclast number as normal bone. Thus, Scl-Ab-HCG-based DDS is a promising approach for osteoporotic bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ahmad Nazir Taleb Alashkar
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Li Z, Wang H, Li K, Wang W, Ma J, Liu Z, Li B, Li J, Han F, Xiao C. Combining "waste utilization" and "tissue to tissue" strategies to accelerate vascularization for bone repair. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:132-143. [PMID: 39027342 PMCID: PMC11254838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A pivotal determinant for the success of tissue regeneration lies in the establishment of sufficient vasculature. Utilizing autologous tissue grafts from donors offers the dual advantage of mitigating the risk of disease transmission and circumventing the necessity for post-transplant immunosuppression, rendering it an exemplary vascularization strategy. Among the various potential autologous donors, adipose tissue emerges as a particularly auspicious source, being both widely available and compositionally rich. Notably, adipose-derived microvascular fragments (ad-MVFs) are a promising candidate for vascularization. ad-MVFs can be isolated from adipose tissue in a short period of time and show high vascularized capacity. In this study, we extracted ad-MVFs from adipose tissue and utilized their strong angiogenic ability to accelerate bone repair by promoting vascularization. Methods ad-MVFs were extracted from the rat epididymis using enzymatic hydrolysis. To preserve the integrity of the blood vessels, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel was chosen as the carrier for ad-MVFs in three-dimensional (3D) culture. The ad-MVFs were cultured directly on the well plates for two-dimensional (2D) culture as a control. The morphology of ad-MVFs was observed under both 2D and 3D cultures, and the release levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were assessed under both culture conditions. In vitro studies investigated the impact of ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel on the toxicity, osteoblastic activity, and mineralization of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), along with the examination of osteogenic gene and protein expression. In vivo experiments involved implanting the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel into critical-size skull defects in rats, and its osteogenic ability was evaluated through radiographic and histological methods. Results ad-MVFs were successfully isolated from rat adipose tissue. When cultured under 2D conditions, ad-MVFs exhibited a gradual disintegration and loss of their original vascular morphology. Compared with 2D culture, ad-MVFs can not only maintain the original vascular morphology, but also connect into a network in hydrogel under 3D culture condition. Moreover, the release levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were significantly higher than those in 2D culture. Moreover, the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel exhibited superior osteoinductive activity. After implanting into the skull defect of rats, the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel showed obvious effects for angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The translational potential of this article The utilization of autologous adipose tissue as a donor presents a more direct route toward clinical translation. Anticipated future clinical applications envision the transformation of discarded adipose tissue into a valuable resource for personalized tissue repair, thereby realizing a paradigm shift in the utilization of this abundant biological material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weishan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinjin Ma
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengxuan Han
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Containing Composites for Biomedical Applications: Formulations, Properties, and Applications. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2024; 8:218. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs8060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to present a wide range of hybrid formulations and composites containing calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4) that are suitable for use in biomedical applications and currently on the market. The bioactive, biocompatible, and osteoconductive properties of various CaPO4-based formulations make them valuable in the rapidly developing field of biomedical research, both in vitro and in vivo. Due to the brittleness of CaPO4, it is essential to combine the desired osteologic properties of ceramic CaPO4 with those of other compounds to create novel, multifunctional bone graft biomaterials. Consequently, this analysis offers a thorough overview of the hybrid formulations and CaPO4-based composites that are currently known. To do this, a comprehensive search of the literature on the subject was carried out in all significant databases to extract pertinent papers. There have been many formulations found with different material compositions, production methods, structural and bioactive features, and in vitro and in vivo properties. When these formulations contain additional biofunctional ingredients, such as drugs, proteins, enzymes, or antibacterial agents, they offer improved biomedical applications. Moreover, a lot of these formulations allow cell loading and promote the development of smart formulations based on CaPO4. This evaluation also discusses basic problems and scientific difficulties that call for more investigation and advancements. It also indicates perspectives for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Dorozhkin
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Ren Y, Zhang C, Liu Y, Kong W, Yang X, Niu H, Qiang L, Yang H, Yang F, Wang C, Wang J. Advances in 3D Printing of Highly Bioadaptive Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:255-270. [PMID: 38118130 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with bone defects caused by trauma, bone tumors, and osteoporosis has increased considerably. The repair of irregular, recurring, and large bone defects poses a great challenge to clinicians. Bone tissue engineering is emerging as an appropriate strategy to replace autologous bone grafting in the repair of critically sized bone defects. However, the suitability of bone tissue engineering scaffolds in terms of structure, mechanics, degradation, and the microenvironment is inadequate. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced additive-manufacturing technology widely used for bone repair. 3D printing constructs personalized structurally adapted scaffolds based on 3D models reconstructed from CT images. The contradiction between the mechanics and degradation is resolved by altering the stacking structure. The local microenvironment of the implant is improved by designing an internal pore structure and a spatiotemporal factor release system. Therefore, there has been a boom in the 3D printing of personalized bone repair scaffolds. In this review, successful research on the preparation of highly bioadaptive bone tissue engineering scaffolds using 3D printing is presented. The mechanisms of structural, mechanical, degradation, and microenvironmental adaptations of bone prostheses and their interactions were elucidated to provide a feasible strategy for constructing highly bioadaptive bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ren
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261041, China
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Changru Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiqing Kong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Haoyi Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Han Yang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261041, China
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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