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Schweicher G, Garbay G, Jouclas R, Vibert F, Devaux F, Geerts YH. Molecular Semiconductors for Logic Operations: Dead-End or Bright Future? ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905909. [PMID: 31965662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic electronics has been prolific in the last couple of years, leading to the design and synthesis of several molecular semiconductors presenting a mobility in excess of 10 cm2 V-1 s-1 . However, it is also started to recently falter, as a result of doubtful mobility extractions and reduced industrial interest. This critical review addresses the community of chemists and materials scientists to share with it a critical analysis of the best performing molecular semiconductors and of the inherent charge transport physics that takes place in them. The goal is to inspire chemists and materials scientists and to give them hope that the field of molecular semiconductors for logic operations is not engaged into a dead end. To the contrary, it offers plenty of research opportunities in materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Schweicher
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Guillaume Garbay
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Rémy Jouclas
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - François Vibert
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Félix Devaux
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Yves H Geerts
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
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Werkmeister FX, Koide T, Nickel BA. Ammonia sensing for enzymatic urea detection using organic field effect transistors and a semipermeable membrane. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:162-168. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic transistors detect the enzymatic breakdown of ureaviaammonia diffusion into the transistor through a semipermeable parylene-C membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. X. Werkmeister
- Fakultät für Physik & CeNS
- Ludwig-Maximilians – Universität München
- München
- Germany
| | - T. Koide
- Fakultät für Physik & CeNS
- Ludwig-Maximilians – Universität München
- München
- Germany
- Japan Patent Office
| | - B. A. Nickel
- Fakultät für Physik & CeNS
- Ludwig-Maximilians – Universität München
- München
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM)
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Pithan L, Meister E, Jin C, Weber C, Zykov A, Sauer K, Brütting W, Riegler H, Opitz A, Kowarik S. Thermally driven smoothening of molecular thin films: Structural transitions in n-alkane layers studied in real-time. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:164707. [PMID: 26520543 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We use thermal annealing to improve smoothness and to increase the lateral size of crystalline islands of n-tetratetracontane (TTC, C44H90) films. With in situ x-ray diffraction, we find an optimum temperature range leading to improved texture and crystallinity while avoiding an irreversible phase transition that reduces crystallinity again. We employ real-time optical phase contrast microscopy with sub-nm height resolution to track the diffusion of TTC across monomolecular step edges which causes the unusual smoothing of a molecular thin film during annealing. We show that the lateral island sizes increase by more than one order of magnitude from 0.5 μm to 10 μm. This desirable behavior of 2d-Ostwald ripening and smoothing is in contrast to many other organic molecular films where annealing leads to dewetting, roughening, and a pronounced 3d morphology. We rationalize the smoothing behavior with the highly anisotropic attachment energies and low surface energies for TTC. The results are technically relevant for the use of TTC as passivation layer and as gate dielectric in organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Pithan
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Meister
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Chenyu Jin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christopher Weber
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Zykov
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrein Sauer
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans Riegler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Andreas Opitz
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kowarik
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Werkmeister F, Nickel B. Towards flexible organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) for biosensing. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3830-3835. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20590h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cramer T, Campana A, Leonardi F, Casalini S, Kyndiah A, Murgia M, Biscarini F. Water-gated organic field effect transistors – opportunities for biochemical sensing and extracellular signal transduction. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3728-3741. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20340a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Trung TQ, Tien NT, Kim D, Jung JH, Yoon OJ, Lee NE. High thermal responsiveness of a reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5254-5260. [PMID: 22811400 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tran Quang Trung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University-SKKU, Suwon, Kyunggi 440-746, Korea
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Göllner M, Glasbrenner G, Nickel B. An Electrochemical Transducer Based on a Pentacene Double-Gate Thin-Film Transistor. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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