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Circulating Tumor Cells from Enumeration to Analysis: Current Challenges and Future Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112723. [PMID: 34072844 PMCID: PMC8198976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary With estimated numbers of 1–10 per mL of blood, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely rare compared to white (a few million) or red (billions) blood cells. Given their critical role in metastasis, CTCs have enormous potential as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of treatment response. There are now efforts to characterize CTCs more precisely through molecular and functional analysis, expanding the CTC effort from one of diagnosis and prognosis to now include the use of CTCs to specifically target cancers and discover therapeutic solutions, establishing CTCs as critical in precision medicine. This article summarizes current knowledge about CTC isolation technologies and discusses the translational benefits of different types of downstream analysis approaches, including single-CTC analysis, ex vivo expansion of CTCs, and characterization of CTC-associated cells. Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been recognized as a major contributor to distant metastasis. Their unique role as metastatic seeds renders them a potential marker in the circulation for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as monitoring of therapeutic response. In the past decade, researchers mainly focused on the development of isolation techniques for improving the recovery rate and purity of CTCs. These developed techniques have significantly increased the detection sensitivity and enumeration accuracy of CTCs. Currently, significant efforts have been made toward comprehensive molecular characterization, ex vivo expansion of CTCs, and understanding the interactions between CTCs and their associated cells (e.g., immune cells and stromal cells) in the circulation. In this review, we briefly summarize existing CTC isolation technologies and specifically focus on advances in downstream analysis of CTCs and their potential applications in precision medicine. We also discuss the current challenges and future opportunities in their clinical utilization.
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Jang JG, Woo SY, Lee H, Lee E, Kim SH, Hong JI. Supramolecular Functionalization for Improving Thermoelectric Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Small Organic Molecule Hybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51387-51396. [PMID: 33166113 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs-P)-small organic molecule hybrid materials are promising candidates for achieving high thermoelectric (TE) performance. In this study, we synthesized rod-coil amphiphilic molecules, that is, tri(ethylene oxide) chain-attached bis(bithiophenyl)-terphenyl derivatives (1 and 2). Supramolecular functionalization of SWCNTs-P with 1 or 2 induced charge-transfer interactions between them. Improved TE properties of the supramolecular hybrids (SWCNTs-1 and SWCNTs-2) are attributed to increased charge-carrier concentration (electrical conductivity), interfacial phonon scattering (thermal conductivity), and energy difference between the transport and Fermi levels (ETr - EF; Seebeck coefficient). SWCNTs-2 exhibited a ZT of 0.42 × 10-2 at 300 K, which is 350% larger than that of SWCNTs-P. Furthermore, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ)-doped SWCNTs-2 showed the highest ZT value of 1.96 × 10-2 at 300 K among SWCNTs-P/small organic molecule hybrids known until now. These results demonstrated that the supramolecular functionalization of SWCNTs-P with small organic molecules could be useful for enhancement of TE performance and applications in wearable/flexible thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gyu Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Young Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 448-701, Korea
| | - Hwankyu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 448-701, Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Jong-In Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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3
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Meng L, Watson BW, Qin Y. Hybrid conjugated polymer/magnetic nanoparticle composite nanofibers through cooperative non-covalent interactions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2462-2470. [PMID: 36133384 PMCID: PMC9419169 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic composites possessing both electronic and magnetic properties are promising materials for a wide range of applications. Controlled and ordered arrangement of the organic and inorganic components is key for synergistic cooperation toward desired functions. In this work, we report the self-assemblies of core-shell composite nanofibers from conjugated block copolymers and magnetic nanoparticles through the cooperation of orthogonal non-covalent interactions. We show that well-defined core-shell conjugated polymer nanofibers can be obtained through solvent induced self-assembly and polymer crystallization, while hydroxy and pyridine functional groups located at the shell of nanofibers can immobilize magnetic nanoparticles via hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions. These precisely arranged nanostructures possess electronic properties intrinsic to the polymers and are simultaneously responsive to external magnetic fields. We applied these composite nanofibers in organic solar cells and found that these non-covalent interactions led to controlled thin film morphologies containing uniformly dispersed nanoparticles, although high loadings of these inorganic components negatively impact device performance. Our methodology is general and can be utilized to control the spatial distribution of functionalized organic/inorganic building blocks, and the magnetic responsiveness and optoelectronic activities of these nanostructures may lead to new opportunities in energy and electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyao Meng
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
| | - Brad W Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
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Mazzio KA, Prasad SKK, Okamoto K, Hodgkiss JM, Luscombe CK. End-Functionalized Semiconducting Polymers as Reagents in the Synthesis of Hybrid II-VI Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9692-9700. [PMID: 30056697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of II-VI nanocrystals with semiconducting polymers is of fundamental interest for lightweight, solution-processed optoelectronics. The direct surface functionalization of nanocrystals is useful for facilitating charge transfer across the donor/acceptor interface, in addition to promoting good mixing properties and thereby helping prevent nanoparticle aggregation. In this work, we develop a new method for the direct attachment of semiconducting polymers to II-VI inorganic nanocrystals, where the polymer plays a dual role, acting as both the desired capping agent and a chalcogenide monomer during synthesis. The success of this hybridization procedure relies on the establishment of a new polymer end-functionalization scheme, where a route toward a thio-phosphonate polymer end-group is developed; this end-group resembles many chalcogenide precursor materials used in the synthesis of II-VI nanomaterials. We show the applicability of this hybrid functionalization procedure by attaching poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) to CdSe and CdS. We followed the progress of the reaction by NMR and used transmission electron microscopy to determine the morphology of the resulting materials, which we found to have narrow size distributions after hybridization. Polymer attachment to the nanocrystals was confirmed by examining the steady-state and time-resolved optical properties of the hybrid materials, which also provided an insight into excited-state processes occurring across the hybrid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shyamal K K Prasad
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6040 , New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Department of Engineering for Future Innovation, Division of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College , Takanashi, Hagisho, Ichinoseki , Iwate 021-8511 , Japan
| | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6040 , New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
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5
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Interface Engineering Strategies for Fabricating Nanocrystal-Based Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention because they have the advantages of both conjugated polymers (CPs) and nanocrystals (NCs). Recent developments in the interfacial engineering of CP–NC organic–inorganic nanocomposites enabled the formation of an intimate contact between NCs and CPs, facilitating electronic interactions between these two constituents. To design CP–NC nanocomposites, several approaches have been introduced, including ligand refluxing, direct grafting methods, direct growth of NCs in proximity to CPs, and template-guided strategies. In this review, the general reactions of ligand exchange processes, purification methods, and characterization techniques have been briefly introduced. This is followed by a highlight of recent advances in the synthesis of hybrid CP–NC nanocomposites and newly developed inorganic surface treatments, as well as their applications. An outlook for future directions in this area is also presented.
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Pan S, Zhu M, He L, Zhang H, Qiu F, Lin Z, Peng J. Transformation from Nanofibers to Nanoribbons in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Solution by Adding Alkylthiols. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800048. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Mingjing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Luze He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Hongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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Zhang S, Pelligra CI, Feng X, Osuji CO. Directed Assembly of Hybrid Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705794. [PMID: 29520839 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid nanomaterials are molecular or colloidal-level combinations of organic and inorganic materials, or otherwise strongly dissimilar materials. They are often, though not exclusively, anisotropic in shape. A canonical example is an inorganic nanorod or nanosheet sheathed in, or decorated by, a polymeric or other organic material, where both the inorganic and organic components are important for the properties of the system. Hybrid nanomaterials and nanocomposites have generated strong interest for a broad range of applications due to their functional properties. Generating macroscopic assemblies of hybrid nanomaterials and nanomaterials in nanocomposites with controlled orientation and placement by directed assembly is important for realizing such applications. Here, a survey of critical issues and themes in directed assembly of hybrid nanomaterials and nanocomposites is provided, highlighting recent efforts in this field with particular emphasis on scalable methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanju Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA
| | - Candice I Pelligra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Xunda Feng
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Chinedum O Osuji
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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8
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Xu W, Tan F, Liu X, Zhang W, Qu S, Wang Z, Wang Z. Efficient Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cell Integrating Polymer Nanowires and Inorganic Nanotetrapods. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:11. [PMID: 28058645 PMCID: PMC5216000 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Constructing a highly efficient bulk-heterojunction is of critical importance to the hybrid organic/inorganic solar cells. Here in this work, we introduce a novel hybrid architecture containing P3HT nanowire and CdSe nanotetrapod as bicontinuous charge channels for holes and electrons, respectively. Compared to the traditionally applied P3HT molecules, the well crystallized P3HT nanowires qualify an enhanced light absorption at the long wavelength as well as strengthened charge carrier transport in the hybrid active layer. Accordingly, based on efficient dissociation of photogenerated excitons, the interpercolation of these two nano-building blocks allows a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 1.7% in the hybrid solar cell, up to 42% enhancement compared to the reference solar cell with traditional P3HT molecules as electron donor. Our work provides a promising hybrid structure for efficient organic/inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Technique, Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Furui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Technique, Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Technique, Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Technique, Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shengchun Qu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
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9
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Zhang Z, Jin Z, Fu W, Shi M, Chen H. Phosphate ester side-chain-modified conjugated polymer for hybrid solar cells. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiang Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengneng Jin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Weifei Fu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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10
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Cox R, Olson GT, Pfau M, Eshaghi N, Barcus K, Ramirez D, Fernando R, Zhang S. Solution-Based Large-Area Assembly of Coaxial Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nanowires for Fast Ambipolar Charge Transport. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16397-16403. [PMID: 28467710 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor interfacial microstructures and fast ambipolar charge transport are pivotal in determining the device performance of inorganic-organic hybrid photovoltaics. Here, we report on a series of one-dimensional coaxial p-n junction core-shell nanohybrids formed by direct side-on attachment of carboxylated poly(3-alkylthiophene)s onto single-crystalline ZnO nanowires. The diameter of pristine ZnO nanowires is ∼30 nm, and the conjugated polymer forms a 2-10 nm shell around each nanowire. Spectroscopic studies on the resulting core-shell hybrid nanowires show an elongated conjugation length of the poly(3-alkylthiophene) backbone and fast electron transfer via ordered donor-acceptor interfaces. Hybrid nanowires in suspensions spontaneously undergo phase transitions from isotropic to nematic liquid crystalline phases via a biphasic region with increasing concentration. The unique liquid crystalline elasticity of nanohybrids results in large-area monodomain structures of aligned hybrid nanowires under simple shear flow, which are maintained in the dried film used for device fabrication. These methodologies provide a mechanism for controlling donor-acceptor interfaces and exploiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity for solution-based processing of large-area alignment of photovoltaic elements with anisotropic charge transport for hybrid photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Cox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Grant T Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Michaela Pfau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Nima Eshaghi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Kyle Barcus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Dania Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Raymond Fernando
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Shanju Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University , San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
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Jung J, Yoon YJ, Lin Z. Intimate organic-inorganic nanocomposites via rationally designed conjugated polymer-grafted precursors. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:16520-16527. [PMID: 27604874 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr05451j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting organic-inorganic nanocomposites comprising the conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in intimate contact with CdSe nanocrystals were crafted by exploiting rationally designed P3HT-grafted cadmium precursors (i.e., Cd-P3HT complexes). The bifunctional ligand 4-bromobenzyl phosphonic acid (BPA-Br) that possesses two terminal functional groups at each end was employed, enabling the coordination of BPA-Br with Cd first to yield Cd-phosphonic acid complexes (Cd-BPA-Br) followed by the subsequent substitution of the bromide moiety into the azide (N3) group to form N3-functionalized Cd-phosphonic acid complexes (Cd-BPA-N3). Cd-P3HT complexes were then synthesized via a click reaction between Cd-BPA-N3 and ethynyl-terminated P3HT (P3HT-[triple bond, length as m-dash]). The success of the click reaction was confirmed by spectroscopic measurements. The morphology of CdSe nanocrystals (i.e., quantum dot and multi-branched) in P3HT-CdSe nanocrystal nanocomposites can be altered by tuning the concentration of Cd-P3HT complexes and the addition of excess Cd-BPA-Br (i.e., Cd-P3HT solely for the synthesis of CdSe quantum dots, and Cd-P3HT and Cd-BPA-Br at the ratio Cd-P3HT : Cd-BPA-Br = 1 : 1 for the synthesis of multi-branched CdSe nanocrystals). The photophysical properties of the resulting P3HT-CdSe nanocomposites were examined via absorption and photoluminescence studies. In comparison with P3HT-[triple bond, length as m-dash], the significant emission quenching of nanocomposites suggested the efficient charge transfer at the P3HT/CdSe interface. It is noteworthy that the implementation of judiciously synthesized Cd-P3HT complexes as precursors rendered the in situ synthesis of P3HT-CdSe nanocrystal nanocomposites, dispensing with the need for the use of insulating aliphatic ligands and tedious ligand exchange procedures for the preparation of functional polymer-tethered nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehan Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
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12
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Synthesis, characterization, thermal, electrical and magnetic properties of polyaniline composites with rare earth gadolinium coordination complex. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Pan S, He L, Peng J, Qiu F, Lin Z. Chemical-Bonding-Directed Hierarchical Assembly of Nanoribbon-Shaped Nanocomposites of Gold Nanorods and Poly(3-hexylthiophene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Luze He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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Pan S, He L, Peng J, Qiu F, Lin Z. Chemical-Bonding-Directed Hierarchical Assembly of Nanoribbon-Shaped Nanocomposites of Gold Nanorods and Poly(3-hexylthiophene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8686-90. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Luze He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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Jung J, Yoon YJ, Lin Z. Semiconducting organic-inorganic nanocomposites by intimately tethering conjugated polymers to inorganic tetrapods. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8887-8898. [PMID: 27071462 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00269b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting organic-inorganic nanocomposites were judiciously crafted by placing conjugated polymers in intimate contact with inorganic tetrapods via click reaction. CdSe tetrapods were first synthesized by inducing elongated arms from CdSe zincblende seeds through seed-mediated growth. The subsequent effective inorganic ligand treatment, followed by reacting with short bifunctional ligands, yielded azide-functionalized CdSe tetrapods (i.e., CdSe-N3). Finally, the ethynyl-terminated conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (i.e., P3HT-[triple bond, length as m-dash]) was tethered to CdSe-N3 tetrapods via a catalyst-free alkyne-azide cycloaddition, forming intimate semiconducting P3HT-CdSe tetrapod nanocomposites. Intriguingly, the intimate contact between P3HT and CdSe tetrapod was found to not only render the effective dispersion of CdSe tetrapods in the P3HT matrix, but also facilitate the efficient electronic interaction between these two semiconducting constituents. The successful anchoring of P3HT chains onto CdSe tetrapods was substantiated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements. Moreover, the absorption and photoluminescence studies further corroborated the intimate tethering between P3HT and CdSe tetrapods. The effect of the type of bifunctional ligands (i.e., aryl vs. aliphatic ligands) and the size of tetrapods on the device performance of hybrid organic-inorganic solar cells was also scrutinized. Interestingly, P3HT-CdSe tetrapod nanocomposites produced via the use of an aryl bifunctional ligand (i.e., 4-azidobenzoic acid) exhibited an improved photovoltaic performance compared to that synthesized with their aliphatic ligand counterpart (i.e., 5-bromovaleric acid). Clearly, the optimal size of CdSe tetrapods ensuring the effective charge transport in conjunction with the good dispersion of CdSe tetrapods rendered an improved device performance. We envision that the click-reaction strategy enabled by capitalizing on two consecutive effective ligand exchanges (i.e., inorganic ligand treatment and subsequent bifunctional ligand exchange) to yield intimately connected organic-inorganic nanocomposites provides a unique platform for developing functional optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehan Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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He M, Pang X, Liu X, Jiang B, He Y, Snaith H, Lin Z. Monodisperse Dual-Functional Upconversion Nanoparticles Enabled Near-Infrared Organolead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4280-4. [PMID: 26895302 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extending the spectral absorption of organolead halide perovskite solar cells from visible into near-infrared (NIR) range renders the minimization of non-absorption loss of solar photons with improved energy alignment. Herein, we report on, for the first time, a viable strategy of capitalizing on judiciously synthesized monodisperse NaYF4 :Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the mesoporous electrode for CH3 NH3 PbI3 perovskite solar cells and more importantly confer perovskite solar cells to be operative under NIR light. Uniform NaYF4 :Yb/Er UCNPs are first crafted by employing rationally designed double hydrophilic star-like poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PAA-b-PEO) diblock copolymer as nanoreactor, imparting the solubility of UCNPs and the tunability of film porosity during the manufacturing process. The subsequent incorporation of NaYF4 :Yb/Er UCNPs as the mesoporous electrode led to a high efficiency of 17.8 %, which was further increased to 18.1 % upon NIR irradiation. The in situ integration of upconversion materials as functional components of perovskite solar cells offers the expanded flexibility for engineering the device architecture and broadening the solar spectral use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Xueqin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Beibei Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yanjie He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Henry Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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He M, Pang X, Liu X, Jiang B, He Y, Snaith H, Lin Z. Monodisperse Dual‐Functional Upconversion Nanoparticles Enabled Near‐Infrared Organolead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Xueqin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Beibei Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Yanjie He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Henry Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory Department of Physics University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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18
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Wei H, Fang Y, Yuan Y, Shen L, Huang J. Trap Engineering of CdTe Nanoparticle for High Gain, Fast Response, and Low Noise P3HT:CdTe Nanocomposite Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:4975-81. [PMID: 26192923 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cd(2+) causes deep traps on the surface of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) often leading to a long response time for a photodetector. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) can be used to selectively passivate the Cd(2+) -related deep traps by forming a Cd-S bond, while maintaining the shallow traps. By tailoring the trap depth of the CdTe QDs, a high gain, fast response, and low noise P3HT:CdTe nanocomposite photodetector is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotong Wei
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yanjun Fang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yongbo Yuan
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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19
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Mathias F, Fokina A, Landfester K, Tremel W, Schmid F, Char K, Zentel R. Morphology control in biphasic hybrid systems of semiconducting materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:959-83. [PMID: 25737161 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Simple blends of inorganic nanocrystals and organic (semiconducting) polymers usually lead to macroscopic segregation. Thus, such blends typically exhibit inferior properties than expected. To overcome the problem of segregation, polymer coated nanocrystals (nanocomposites) have been developed. Such nanocomposites are highly miscible within the polymer matrix. In this Review, a summary of synthetic approaches to achieve stable nanocomposites in a semiconducting polymer matrix is presented. Furthermore, a theoretical background as well as an overview concerning morphology control of inorganic NCs in polymer matrices are provided. In addition, the morphologic behavior of highly anisotropic nanoparticles (i.e. liquid crystalline phase formation of nanorod-composites) and branched nanoparticles (spatial orientation of tetrapods) is described. Finally, the morphology requirements for the application of inorganic/organic hybrid systems in light emitting diodes and solar cells are discussed, and potential solutions to achieve the required morphologies are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mathias
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Fokina
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099, Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Friederike Schmid
- Institute for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 7, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kookheon Char
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea.,Fellow of the GFC (Gutenberg Research College), Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099, Mainz, Germany
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20
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Xu H, Pang X, He Y, He M, Jung J, Xia H, Lin Z. An Unconventional Route to Monodisperse and Intimately Contacted Semiconducting Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4636-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Xu H, Pang X, He Y, He M, Jung J, Xia H, Lin Z. An Unconventional Route to Monodisperse and Intimately Contacted Semiconducting Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Manzetti S, Lu T, Behzadi H, Estrafili MD, Thi Le HL, Vach H. Intriguing properties of unusual silicon nanocrystals. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17148b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimized structures of A: empty Si18H12Si; B: Si19H12, the 19th Si atom situated in the center of the lattice structure, C: Si18GeH12, Ge atom situated in the center of the lattice structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Manzetti
- Fjordforsk A.S. Institute for Science and Technology
- High-performance Computational Unit. Midtun
- Vangsnes 6894
- Norway
- Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry
| | - Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hadi Behzadi
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Kharazmi University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Mehdi D. Estrafili
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Maragheh
- Maragheh
- Iran
| | | | - Holger Vach
- CNRS – LPICM
- Ecole Polytechnique
- 91128 Palaiseau
- France
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23
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Bousquet A, Awada H, Hiorns RC, Dagron-Lartigau C, Billon L. Conjugated-polymer grafting on inorganic and organic substrates: A new trend in organic electronic materials. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Jung J, Yoon YJ, He M, Lin Z. Organic-inorganic nanocomposites composed of conjugated polymers and semiconductor nanocrystals for photovoltaics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehan Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Young Jun Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Ming He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
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25
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Chantarak S, Liu F, Emrick T, Russell TP. Solvent-Assisted Orientation of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-Functionalized CdSe Nanorods Under an Electric Field. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirinya Chantarak
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Feng Liu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003 USA
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26
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Yuan K, Chen L, Chen Y. Direct Anisotropic Growth of CdS Nanocrystals in Thermotropic Liquid Crystal Templates for Heterojunction Optoelectronics. Chemistry 2014; 20:11488-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites for Photovoltaic Cells. MATERIALS 2014; 7:2747-2771. [PMID: 28788591 PMCID: PMC5453346 DOI: 10.3390/ma7042747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells have attracted a lot of interest due to their potential in combining the advantages of both components. To understand the key issues in association with photoinduced charge separation/transportation processes and to improve overall power conversion efficiency, various combinations with nanostructures of hybrid systems have been investigated. Here, we briefly review the structures of hybrid nanocomposites studied so far, and attempt to associate the power conversion efficiency with these nanostructures. Subsequently, we are then able to summarize the factors for optimizing the performance of inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells.
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28
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Wagner TW, Luo Y, Redeker ND, Immoos CE, Zhang S. Effect of surface-modified zinc oxide nanowires on solution crystallization kinetics of poly(3-hexylthiophene). POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Li S, Li Y, Wisner CA, Jin L, Leventis N, Peng Z. Synthesis, optical properties and photovoltaic applications of hybrid rod–coil diblock copolymers with coordinatively attached CdSe nanocrystals. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04347b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid rod–coil diblock copolymers containing coordinatively binded CdSe nanocrystals in the coil block give better solar cell performance over their corresponding diblock copolymers without CdSe attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Kansas City
- Kansas City, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Kansas City
- Kansas City, USA
| | - Clarissa A. Wisner
- Department of Chemistry
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Rolla, USA
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Kansas City
- Kansas City, USA
| | - Nicholas Leventis
- Department of Chemistry
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Rolla, USA
| | - Zhonghua Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Kansas City
- Kansas City, USA
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30
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Pang X, Feng C, Xu H, Han W, Xin X, Xia H, Qiu F, Lin Z. Unimolecular micelles composed of inner coil-like blocks and outer rod-like blocks crafted by combination of living polymerization with click chemistry. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Star-shaped PS-b-P3HT was synthesized via a combination of ATRP, GRIM polymerization, and click reaction. They possessed different properties as compared to their linear analogues
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Chaowei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry
| | - Wei Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Xukai Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Key laboratory of computational physical sciences and Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
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31
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Redeker ND, Danesh CD, Ding Y, Zhang S. Anisotropic core–shell nanocomposites by direct covalent attachment of a side-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene) onto ZnO nanowires. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Li Y, Jin L, Chakraborty S, Li S, Lu P, Zhu DM, Yan X, Peng Z. Photovoltaic properties and femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence study of polyoxometalate-containing rod-coil diblock copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Chemistry; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
| | - Sanjiban Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
| | - Peifen Lu
- Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; South Dakota State University; Brookings South Dakota 57007
| | - Da-Ming Zhu
- Department of Physics; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
| | - Xingzhong Yan
- Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; South Dakota State University; Brookings South Dakota 57007
| | - Zhonghua Peng
- Department of Chemistry; University of Missouri-Kansas City; Kansas City Missouri 64110
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33
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Preparation of near-infrared absorbing composites comprised of conjugated macroligands on the surface of PbS nanoparticles. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Jung J, Pang X, Feng C, Lin Z. Semiconducting conjugated polymer-inorganic tetrapod nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:8086-8092. [PMID: 23600796 DOI: 10.1021/la400925y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) tetrapods were synthesized via multiple injections of the Te precursor by utilizing bifunctional ligands. Subsequently, tetrapod-shaped semiconducting inorganic-organic nanocomposites (i.e., P3HT-CdTe tetrapod nanocomposites) were produced by directly grafting conjugated polymer ethynyl-terminated poly(3-hexylthiophene) (i.e., P3HT-≡) onto azide-functionalized CdTe tetrapods (i.e., CdTe-N3) via a catalyst-free click chemistry. The intimate contact between P3HT and CdTe tetrapod rendered the effective dispersion of CdTe tetrapods in nanocomposites and facilitated their efficient electronic interaction. The success of coupling reaction was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The grafting density of P3HT chains on the CdTe tetrapods was estimated by thermogravimetric analysis. The photophysical properties of P3HT-CdTe tetrapod nanocomposites were studied using UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies. These intimate semiconducting conjugated polymer-tetrapod nanocomposites may offer a maximized interface between conjugated polymers and tetrapods for efficient charge separation and enhanced charge transport regardless of their orientation for potential application in hybrid solar cells with improved power conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehan Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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35
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He M, Qiu F, Lin Z. Toward High-Performance Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells: Bringing Conjugated Polymers and Inorganic Nanocrystals in Close Contact. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1788-96. [PMID: 26283110 DOI: 10.1021/jz400381x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells composed of conjugated polymers (CPs) and inorganic nanocrystal (NC) semiconductors have garnered considerable attention as a potential alternative to traditional silicon solar cells due to the capacity of producing high-efficiency solar energy in a cost-effective manner. The combination of advantageous characteristics of CPs and NCs enables the construction of nanostructured high-performance, lightweight, flexible, large-area, and low-cost hybrid solar cells. However, it remains a grand challenge to control the film morphology and interfacial structure of such organic/inorganic semiconductor blends on the nanoscale. In this Perspective, we highlight the strategies of implementing close contact between CPs and NCs by tailoring the colloidal synthesis, the coordination reaction, and the chemical modification of CPs. As such, they offer promising opportunities for rationally controlling the phase separation between electron-donating CPs and electron-accepting NCs, increasing the interfacial areas between them, enhancing their electronic interaction, and thus substantially promoting the photovoltaic performance of the resulting organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- ‡State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- ‡State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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36
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Han W, He M, Byun M, Li B, Lin Z. Large-Scale Hierarchically Structured Conjugated Polymer Assemblies with Enhanced Electrical Conductivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Han W, He M, Byun M, Li B, Lin Z. Large-Scale Hierarchically Structured Conjugated Polymer Assemblies with Enhanced Electrical Conductivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2564-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Mazzio KA, Okamoto K, Li Z, Gutmann S, Strein E, Ginger DS, Schlaf R, Luscombe CK. A one pot organic/CdSe nanoparticle hybrid material synthesis with in situ π-conjugated ligand functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1321-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38544a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Mazzio
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Box 352120, Seattle, WA 98195-2120, USA
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39
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Zhang J, Chen XF, Wei HB, Wan XH. Tunable assembly of amphiphilic rod–coil block copolymers in solution. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:9127-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60192g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Li Y, Li S, Jin L, Murowchick JB, Peng Z. Carbon nanoparticles as an interfacial layer between TiO2-coated ZnO nanorod arrays and conjugated polymers for high-photocurrent hybrid solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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41
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Yan J, Ye Q, Han X, Zhou F. Step-by-step build-up of ordered p–n heterojunctions at nanoscale for efficient light harvesting. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21546b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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42
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Kirkeminde A, Scott R, Ren S. All inorganic iron pyrite nano-heterojunction solar cells. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7649-7654. [PMID: 23041909 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32097e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The large absorption coefficient of iron pyrite (FeS(2)) nanocrystals coupled with their low-cost and vast-abundance shows great promise as a potential photovoltaic absorber. Here, we demonstrate that bulk heterojunction (BHJ) nanostructures consisting of 80 nm FeS(2) nanocubes (NCs) and 4 nm CdS quantum dot (QD) matrix, lead to a well-defined percolation network, which significantly improved open-circuit voltage (V(oc)) to 0.79 V and power conversion efficiency of 1.1% under AM 1.5 solar illumination. The localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) arising from p-type colloidal FeS(2) NCs exhibit plasmonic photoelectron conversion. Our approach can be applied to a wide range of colloidal nanocrystals exhibiting the LSPRs effect and is compatible with solution processing, thereby offering a general tactic to enhancing the efficiency of all inorganic BHJ solar cells and LSPRs-based NIR photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Kirkeminde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Roiban L, Hartmann L, Fiore A, Djurado D, Chandezon F, Reiss P, Legrand JF, Doyle S, Brinkmann M, Ersen O. Mapping the 3D distribution of CdSe nanocrystals in highly oriented and nanostructured hybrid P3HT-CdSe films grown by directional epitaxial crystallization. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7212-7220. [PMID: 23072906 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Highly oriented and nanostructured hybrid thin films made of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and colloidal CdSe nanocrystals are prepared by a zone melting method using epitaxial growth on 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene oriented crystals. The structure of the films has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation, electron diffraction and 3D electron tomography to afford a multi-scale structural and morphological description of the highly structured hybrid films. A quantitative analysis of the reconstructed volumes based on electron tomography is used to establish a 3D map of the distribution of the CdSe nanocrystals in the bulk of the films. In particular, the influence of the P3HT-CdSe ratio on the 3D structure of the hybrid layers has been analyzed. In all cases, a bi-layer structure was observed. It is made of a first layer of pure oriented semi-crystalline P3HT grown epitaxially on the TCB substrate and a second P3HT layer containing CdSe nanocrystals uniformly distributed in the amorphous interlamellar zones of the polymer. The thickness of the P3HT layer containing CdSe nanoparticles increases gradually with increasing content of NCs in the films. A growth model is proposed to explain this original transversal organization of CdSe NCs in the oriented matrix of P3HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Roiban
- IPCMS (UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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Zhao L, Lin Z. Crafting semiconductor organic-inorganic nanocomposites via placing conjugated polymers in intimate contact with nanocrystals for hybrid solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4353-4368. [PMID: 22761026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells incorporating conjugated polymers (CPs) and nanocrystals (NCs) offer the potential to deliver efficient energy conversion with low-cost fabrication. The CP-based photovoltaic devices are complimented by an extensive set of advantageous characteristics from CPs and NCs, such as lightweight, flexibility, and solution-processability of CPs, combined with high electron mobility and size-dependent optical properties of NCs. Recent research has witnessed rapid advances in an emerging field of directly tethering CPs on the NC surface to yield an intimately contacted CP-NC nanocomposite possessing a well-defined interface that markedly promotes the dispersion of NCs within the CP matrix, facilitates the photoinduced charge transfer between these two semiconductor components, and provides an effective platform for studying the interfacial charge separation and transport. In this Review, we aim to highlight the recent developments in CP-NC nanocomposite materials, critically examine the viable preparative strategies geared to craft intimate CP-NC nanocomposites and their photovoltaic performance in hybrid solar cells, and finally provide an outlook for future directions of this extraordinarily rich field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Dimitriev OP, Ogurtsov NA, Li Y, Pud AA, Gigli G, Smertenko PS, Piryatinski YP, Noskov YV, Kutsenko AS. Tuning of the charge and energy transfer in ternary CdSe/poly(3-methylthiophene)/poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanocomposite system. Colloid Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-012-2632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhang S, Pelligra CI, Keskar G, Jiang J, Majewski PW, Taylor AD, Ismail-Beigi S, Pfefferle LD, Osuji CO. Directed self-assembly of hybrid oxide/polymer core/shell nanowires with transport optimized morphology for photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:82-7. [PMID: 22113991 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanju Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Han W, Lin Z. Von “Kaffeeringen” lernen: geordnete Strukturen durch Selbstorganisation bei kontrollierter Verdunstung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201104454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Han W, Lin Z. Learning from “Coffee Rings”: Ordered Structures Enabled by Controlled Evaporative Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1534-46. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Shao L, Gao Y, Yan F. Semiconductor quantum dots for biomedicial applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2011; 11:11736-51. [PMID: 22247690 PMCID: PMC3252007 DOI: 10.3390/s111211736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanometre-scale crystals, which have unique photophysical properties, such as size-dependent optical properties, high fluorescence quantum yields, and excellent stability against photobleaching. These properties enable QDs as the promising optical labels for the biological applications, such as multiplexed analysis of immunocomplexes or DNA hybridization processes, cell sorting and tracing, in vivo imaging and diagnostics in biomedicine. Meanwhile, QDs can be used as labels for the electrochemical detection of DNA or proteins. This article reviews the synthesis and toxicity of QDs and their optical and electrochemical bioanalytical applications. Especially the application of QDs in biomedicine such as delivering, cell targeting and imaging for cancer research, and in vivo photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Shao
- Jiangsu Affiliated Cancer Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Prevention and Cure, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (L.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanfang Gao
- Jiangsu Affiliated Cancer Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Prevention and Cure, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (L.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Feng Yan
- Jiangsu Affiliated Cancer Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Prevention and Cure, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (L.S.); (Y.G.)
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Vigderman L, Manna P, Zubarev ER. Quantitative Replacement of Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide by Cationic Thiol Ligands on the Surface of Gold Nanorods and Their Extremely Large Uptake by Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:636-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201107304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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