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Li J, Zhang L, Cui J, Lv X, Feng M, Ouyang M, Chen Z, Wright DS, Zhang C. Hydrogen-Bonding Induced Crosslinked Polymer Network for Highly Stable Electrochromic Device and a Construction Strategy for Black-Bilayer Electrochromic Film. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303359. [PMID: 37415549 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a new strategy to achieve highly stable electrochromic devices and bilayer film construction. A novel solution-processable electrochromic polymer P1-Boc with quinacridone as the conjugated backbone and t-Boc as N-substituted non-conjugated solubilizing groups is designed. Thermal annealing of P1-Boc film results in the cleavage of t-Boc groups and the formation of N─H⋯O═C hydrogen-bonding crosslinked network, which changes its intrinsic solubility characteristics into a solvent-resistant P1 film. This film retains the electrochemical behavior and spectroelectrochemistry properties of the original P1-Boc film. Intriguingly, the electrochromic device based on the P1 film exhibits an ultrafast switching time (0.56/0.80 s at 523 nm) and robust electrochromic stability (retaining 88.4% of the initial optical contrast after 100 000 cycles). The observed cycle lifetime is one of the highest reported for all-organic electrochromic devices. In addition, a black-transparent bilayer electrochromic film P1/P2 is developed in which the use of the solvent-resistant P1 film as the bottom layer avoids interface erosion of the solution-processable polymer in a multilayer stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jiankun Cui
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Menglong Feng
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Mi Ouyang
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zhangxin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China
| | - Dominic S Wright
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
- The Husuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Cheng Zhang
- International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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Xu Z, Wang B, Kong L, Zhao J, Zhang Y. Color-tuning neutrality for soluble black-to-transmissive electrochromics via solution co-processing. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu B. Neutral Black Color Showing Electrochromic Copolymer based on Dithienopyrroles and Benzothiadiazole Derivatives. ECS JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 10:076003. [DOI: 10.1149/2162-8777/ac10b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Dominguez-Alfaro A, Gómez IJ, Alegret N, Mecerreyes D, Prato M. 2D and 3D Immobilization of Carbon Nanomaterials into PEDOT via Electropolymerization of a Functional Bis-EDOT Monomer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:436. [PMID: 33573011 PMCID: PMC7866415 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and conjugated polymers (CPs) are actively investigated in applications such as optics, catalysis, solar cells, and tissue engineering. Generally, CNMs are implemented in devices where the relationship between the active elements and the micro and nanostructure has a crucial role. However, they present some limitations related to solubility, processibility and release or degradability that affect their manufacturing. CPs, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) or derivatives can hide this limitation by electrodeposition onto an electrode. In this work we have explored two different CNMs immobilization methods in 2D and 3D structures. First, CNM/CP hybrid 2D films with enhanced electrochemical properties have been developed using bis-malonyl PEDOT and fullerene C60. The resulting 2D films nanoparticulate present novel electrochromic properties. Secondly, 3D porous self-standing scaffolds were prepared, containing carbon nanotubes and PEDOT by using the same bis-EDOT co-monomer, which show porosity and topography dependence on the composition. This article shows the validity of electropolymerization to obtain 2D and 3D materials including different carbon nanomaterials and conductive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (I.J.G.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (I.J.G.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nuria Alegret
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (I.J.G.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (I.J.G.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (I.J.G.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Chernyshev A, Acharya U, Pfleger J, Trhlíková O, Zedník J, Vohlídal J. Iron (II) Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers Based on Thieno[3,2- b]thiophene for Electrochromic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030362. [PMID: 33498749 PMCID: PMC7865520 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Four new bis(tpy) unimers with different linkers between the thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl central unit and terpyridine-4′-yl (tpy) end-groups: no linker (Tt), ethynediyl (TtE), 1,4-phenylene (TtPh) and 2,2′-bithophene-5,5′-diyl (TtB) are prepared, characterized, and assembled with Fe2+ ions to metallo-supramolecular polymers (Fe-MSPs). The Fe-MSP films prepared by spin-casting on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass are characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and UV/vis spectroscopy and studied for their electrochromism and effect of the unimer structure on their electrochromic performance. Of the studied MSPs, Fe-Tt shows the highest optical contrast as well as coloration efficiency (CE = 641 cm2 C−1) and the fastest optical response. This makes it an excellent candidate for possible use in electrochromic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Chernyshev
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Udit Acharya
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pfleger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Trhlíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Zedník
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vohlídal
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Fukino T, Yamagishi H, Aida T. Redox-Responsive Molecular Systems and Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603888. [PMID: 27990693 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Redox reactions can alter the electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of molecules and their ensembles by adding or removing electrons. Here, the developments made over the past 10 years using molecular events are discussed, such as assembly/disassembly, transformation of ensembles, geometric changes, and molecular motions that are designed to be redox-responsive. Considerable progress has occurred in the application of these events to the realization of electronic memory, color displays, actuators, adhesives, and drug delivery. In these cases, systems behave in either a highly or a poorly correlated manner depending on the number of redox-active units involved, based on the method of integration. One of the great advantages of redox-responsive devices and materials is that they have the potential to be readily integrated into existing electronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Fukino
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamagishi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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Kerszulis JA, Bulloch RH, Teran NB, Wolfe RMW, Reynolds JR. Relax: A Sterically Relaxed Donor–Acceptor Approach for Color Tuning in Broadly Absorbing, High Contrast Electrochromic Polymers. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Kerszulis
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics
and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rayford H. Bulloch
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics
and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Natasha B. Teran
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics
and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rylan M. W. Wolfe
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics
and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - John R. Reynolds
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics
and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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8
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Tao Y, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Cheng H. Novel electrochromic copolymers based on thiophene-anthracene derivatives via electrochemical polymerization in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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