1
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Chen M, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Jiang Y, Andelman D, Man X. Chain Flexibility Effects on the Self-Assembly of Diblock Copolymer in Thin Films. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Chen
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - David Andelman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Xingkun Man
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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2
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Angelopoulou PP, Moutsios I, Manesi GM, Ivanov DA, Sakellariou G, Avgeropoulos A. Designing high χ copolymer materials for nanotechnology applications: A systematic bulk vs. thin films approach. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Hübner H, Niebuur BJ, Büttner T, Koch M, Stühn B, Kraus T, Scheschkewitz D, Gallei M. Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Carbosilane-Based Block Copolymers in Organic Media and Structure Formation in Colloidal Confinement. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hübner
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Büttner
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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4
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Hübner H, Niebuur B, Janka O, Gemmer L, Koch M, Kraus T, Kickelbick G, Stühn B, Gallei M. Crystalline Carbosilane‐Based Block Copolymers: Synthesis by Anionic Polymerization and Morphology Evaluation in the Bulk State. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hübner
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Bart‐Jan Niebuur
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Oliver Janka
- Inorganic Solid‐State Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Lea Gemmer
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry Saarland University Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Guido Kickelbick
- Inorganic Solid‐State Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics Technical University of Darmstadt Hochschulstraße 8 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Campus C4 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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5
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Venetsanos F, Anogiannakis SD, Theodorou DN. Mixing Thermodynamics and Flory–Huggins Interaction Parameter of Polyethylene Oxide/Polyethylene Oligomeric Blends from Kirkwood–Buff Theory and Molecular Simulations. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fotis Venetsanos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Stefanos D. Anogiannakis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Doros N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Athens 15780, Greece
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6
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Fan L, Cao K, Hu H, Ma J, Peng Q, Li X, Huang Y, Yang J. Low‐dielectric silylbutylene‐benzocyclobutene resin with photoactive silacyclobutane groups via acyclic diene metathesis polymerization. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
- School of National Defense Science and Technology Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Huan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Jiajun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Qiuxia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Yawen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental‐friendly Energy Materials School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China
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7
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Shi LY, Subramanian A, Weng L, Lee S, Kisslinger K, Nam CY, Ross CA. Selective sequential infiltration synthesis of ZnO in the liquid crystalline phase of silicon-containing rod-coil block copolymers. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1807-1813. [PMID: 35037005 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The combination of block copolymer (BCP) thin film self-assembly and selective infiltration synthesis of inorganic materials into one BCP block provides access to various organic-inorganic hybrids. Here, we apply sequential infiltration synthesis, a vapor-phase hybridization technique, to selectively introduce ZnO into the organic microdomains of silicon-containing rod-coil diblock copolymers and a triblock terpolymer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-b-poly{2,5-bis[(4-methoxyphenyl)-oxycarbonyl]styrene} (PDMS-b-PMPCS) and PDMS-b-polystyrene-b-PMPCS (PDMS-b-PS-b-PMPCS), in which the PMPCS rod block is a liquid crystalline polymer. The in-plane cylindrical PDMS-b-PMPCS and core-shell cylindrical and hexagonally perforated lamellar PDMS-b-PS-b-PMPCS films were infiltrated with ZnO with high selectivity to the PMPCS. The etching contrast between PDMS, PS and the ZnO-infused PMPCS enables the fabrication of ZnO/SiOx binary composites by plasma etching and reveals the core-shell morphology of the triblock terpolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Ashwanth Subramanian
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
| | - Lin Weng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York 11973, USA.
| | - Chang-Yong Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York 11973, USA.
| | - Caroline A Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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8
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Self-assembly of carbohydrate-based block copolymer systems: glyconanoparticles and highly nanostructured thin films. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00604-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Deng H, Zhou J, Li X, Yang Z. Si containing block copolymers quickly assemble into sub-6 nm domains. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) is a potential patterning technology for sub-7 nm lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Deng
- School of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianuo Zhou
- School of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xuemiao Li
- School of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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10
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Zhou J, Li X, Deng H. Synthesis of Highly Ordered Si-Containing Fluorinated Block Copolymers. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2021. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.34.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianuo Zhou
- School of Micro-Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University
| | - Xuemiao Li
- School of Micro-Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University
| | - Hai Deng
- School of Micro-Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University
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11
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Shi LY, Yin C, Zhou B, Xia W, Weng L, Ross CA. Annealing Process Dependence of the Self-Assembly of Rod–Coil Block Copolymer Thin Films. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chengxiao Yin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wei Xia
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Weng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Caroline A. Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Tu KH, Huang H, Lee S, Lee W, Sun Z, Alexander-Katz A, Ross CA. Machine Learning Predictions of Block Copolymer Self-Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2005713. [PMID: 33206426 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Directed self-assembly of block copolymers is a key enabler for nanofabrication of devices with sub-10 nm feature sizes, allowing patterning far below the resolution limit of conventional photolithography. Among all the process steps involved in block copolymer self-assembly, solvent annealing plays a dominant role in determining the film morphology and pattern quality, yet the interplay of the multiple parameters during solvent annealing, including the initial thickness, swelling, time, and solvent ratio, makes it difficult to predict and control the resultant self-assembled pattern. Here, machine learning tools are applied to analyze the solvent annealing process and predict the effect of process parameters on morphology and defectivity. Two neural networks are constructed and trained, yielding accurate prediction of the final morphology in agreement with experimental data. A ridge regression model is constructed to identify the critical parameters that determine the quality of line/space patterns. These results illustrate the potential of machine learning to inform nanomanufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hua Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hejin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wonmoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zehao Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Caroline A Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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13
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Huang H, Liu R, Ross CA, Alexander-Katz A. Self-Directed Self-Assembly of 3D Tailored Block Copolymer Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15182-15192. [PMID: 33074654 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) provides a powerful tool to fabricate various 2D nanostructures. However, it still remains a challenge to extend DSA to make uniform and complex 3D nanostructures through BCP self-assembly. In this paper, we introduce a method to fabricate various nanostructures in 3D and test it using simulations. In particular, we employ dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation to demonstrate that uniform multilayer nanostructures can be achieved by alternating the stacking of two "orthogonal" BCPs films, AB copolymer film and AC copolymer film, without the need to cross-link or etch any of the components. The assembly of a new layer occurs on top of the previous bottom layer, and thus the structural information from the substrate is propagated upward in the film, a process we refer to as self-directed self-assembly (SDSA). If this process is repeated many times, one can have tailored multilayer nanostructures. Furthermore, the natural (bulk) phases of the block copolymers in each layer do not need to be the same, so one can achieve complex 3D assemblies that are not possible with a single-phase 3D system. This method in conjunction with grapho (or chemo) epitaxy is able to evolve a surface pattern into a 3D nanostructure. Here we show several examples of nanostructures fabricated by this process, which include aligned cylinders, spheres on top of cylinders, and orthogonal nanomeshes. Our work should be useful for creating complex 3D nanostructures using self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Runze Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Caroline A Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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14
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Cummins C, Mantione D, Cruciani F, Pino G, Demazy N, Shi Y, Portale G, Hadziioannou G, Fleury G. Rapid Self-Assembly and Sequential Infiltration Synthesis of High χ Fluorine-Containing Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cian Cummins
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031Univ. Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Daniele Mantione
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Federico Cruciani
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Pino
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nils Demazy
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Yulin Shi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guillaume Fleury
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
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15
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Sweet Pluronic poly(propylene oxide)-b-oligosaccharide block copolymer systems: Toward sub-4 nm thin-film nanopattern resolution. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Shi LY, Lan J, Lee S, Cheng LC, Yager KG, Ross CA. Vertical Lamellae Formed by Two-Step Annealing of a Rod-Coil Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymer Thin Film. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4289-4297. [PMID: 32182037 PMCID: PMC7309319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-containing block copolymer thin films with high interaction parameter and etch contrast are ideal candidates to generate robust nanotemplates for advanced nanofabrication, but they typically form in-plane oriented microdomains as a result of the dissimilar surface energies of the blocks. Here, we describe a two-step annealing method to produce vertically aligned lamellar structures in thin film of a silicon-containing rod-coil thermotropic liquid crystalline block copolymer. The rod-coil block copolymer with the volume fraction of the Si-containing block of 0.22 presents an asymmetrical lamellar structure in which the rod block forms a hexatic columnar nematic liquid crystalline phase. A solvent vapor annealing step first produces well-ordered in-plane cylinders of the Si-containing block, then a subsequent thermal annealing promotes the phase transition from in-plane cylinders to vertical lamellae. The pathways of the order-order transition were examined by microscopy and in situ using grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shi
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ji Lan
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Chen Cheng
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kevin G. Yager
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Caroline A. Ross
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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17
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Qu T, Guan S, Zheng X, Chen A. Perpendicularly aligned nanodomains on versatile substrates via rapid thermal annealing assisted by liquid crystalline ordering in block copolymer films. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1523-1530. [PMID: 36132323 PMCID: PMC9418532 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00057d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The highly ordered perpendicularly aligned cylindrical and lamellar microdomains within block copolymer (BCP) films have important applications in diverse fields. However, the fast normal orientation of self-assembled nanostructures on arbitrary substrates without tedious pre- and postprocessing has been a challenging issue in manufacturing miniaturized devices. Here, we outline the potential for extending the hierarchical self-assembly within azobenzene-containing PS-b-PMA(Az) films to inherently assist in the formation of normally aligned domains using a rapid thermal annealing process (140 °C for 5 min). Liquid crystalline (LC) mesogens in PS-b-PMA(Az) films self-assemble to form a parallelly aligned sematic phase after thermal annealing, as confirmed by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra. This sub-phase contributes to broadening of the PS-cylinder-phase window (0.083 ≤ f PS < 0.49) and ∼12 nm PS cylinder structures. Perpendicular cylinders or lamellae are observed on various substrates, such as silicon wafers, flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheets and conductive aluminum foils. Additionally, the good reactive ion etching (RIE) rate difference between the two blocks makes these BCPs more attractive for advancing the field of BCP lithographic applications for fabricating flexible microelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
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18
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Zhang X, Gao C, Xie X, Liu Y, Ding S. Thioether-Facilitated Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Steric 1,1-Disubstituted Olefins. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; North Third Ring Road 15 100029 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chengpeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; North Third Ring Road 15 100029 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xingze Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; North Third Ring Road 15 100029 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; North Third Ring Road 15 100029 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shengtao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; North Third Ring Road 15 100029 Beijing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; 220 Handan Rd. 200433 Shanghai P. R. China
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19
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Huang H, Alexander-Katz A. Dissipative particle dynamics for directed self-assembly of block copolymers. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:154905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5117839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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20
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Aissou K, Mumtaz M, Demazy N, Pécastaings G, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Periodic Bicontinuous Structures Formed on the Top Surface of Asymmetric Triblock Terpolymer Thick Films. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:923-930. [PMID: 35619498 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The combination of the nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) process with a solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment is used to produce asymmetric and hydrophobic thick films having different long-range ordered network nanostructures, which are inaccessible via currently available membrane fabrication methods. We show that the disordered phase generated by NIPS on the material top surface can be transformed into a highly ordered bicontinuous network nanostructure during the SVA process without disrupting the substructure morphology. For instance, by using a straightforward blending approach, either a triply periodic alternating diamond (DA) structure or a core-shell perforated lamellar (PL) phase was demonstrated on the skin layer of fully hydrophobic poly(1,1-dimethyl silacyclobutane)-block-polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PDMSB-b-PS-b-PMMA) thick films. Such a material fabrication method, enabling the formation of a sponge-like substructure topped by a network phase having an excellent long-range order, provides an appealing strategy to facilitate the manufacture of next-generation membranes at large scale since these bicontinuous morphologies obviate the need of the nanochannel alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Aissou
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Université de Montpellier - CNRS - ENSCM, 300 Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nils Demazy
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Gilles Pécastaings
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
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21
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Shi LY, Liao F, Cheng LC, Lee S, Ran R, Shen Z, Ross CA. Core-Shell and Zigzag Nanostructures from a Thin Film Silicon-Containing Conformationally Asymmetric Triblock Terpolymer. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:852-858. [PMID: 35619504 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of multiblock copolymers generates diverse hierarchical nanostructures and greatly extends the range of microdomain geometries beyond those produced by diblock copolymers. We report the synthesis of a conformationally asymmetric ABC triblock terpolymer in which the end blocks are a mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymer and poly(dimethylsiloxane), respectively, and its self-assembly under mixed solvent vapor annealing forms a range of sphere, cylinder, and perforated lamellar core-shell morphologies, as well as stacked multilevel structures. Sub-7 nm diameter SiOx nanopatterns were generated by selective plasma etching of the small volume fraction Si-containing core block giving a line/space ratio of ∼1:4. Moreover, the conformational asymmetry of this terpolymer leads to zigzag cylinders on a flat substrate and stable cylinder alignment transverse to template sidewalls within lithographically patterned trenches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fen Liao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li-Chen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rong Ran
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Caroline A. Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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22
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Watanabe K, Katsuhara S, Mamiya H, Yamamoto T, Tajima K, Isono T, Satoh T. Downsizing feature of microphase-separated structures via intramolecular crosslinking of block copolymers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3330-3339. [PMID: 30996920 PMCID: PMC6429781 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05016c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy for downsizing the feature of microphase-separated structures was developed via the intramolecular crosslinking reaction of block copolymers (BCPs) without changing the molecular weight. A series of BCPs consisting of poly[styrene-st-(p-3-butenyl styrene)] and poly(rac-lactide) (SBS-LA) was subjected to Ru-catalyzed olefin metathesis under highly diluted conditions to produce intramolecularly crosslinked BCPs (SBS(cl)-LAs). Small-angle X-ray scattering measurement and transmission electron microscopy observation of the SBS(cl)-LAs revealed feature size reduction in lamellar (LAM) and hexagonally close-packed cylinder (HEX) structures in the bulk state, which was surely due to the restricted chain dimensions of the intramolecularly crosslinked SBS block. Notably, the degree of size reduction was controllable by varying the crosslink density, with a maximum decrease of 22% in the LAM spacing. In addition, we successfully observed the downsizing of the HEX structure in the thin film state using atomic force microscopy, indicating the applicability of the present methodology to next-generation lithography technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Watanabe
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
| | - Satoshi Katsuhara
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
| | - Hiroaki Mamiya
- Quantum Beam Unit , Advanced Key Technologies Division , National Institute for Materials Science , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
| | - Takuya Isono
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628 , Japan . ;
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23
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Zhu Y, Aissou K, Andelman D, Man X. Orienting Cylinder-Forming Block Copolymer Thin Films: The Combined Effect of Substrate Corrugation and Its Surface Energy. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karim Aissou
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Université de Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, 300 Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - David Andelman
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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24
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Shi LY, Lee S, Cheng LC, Huang H, Liao F, Ran R, Yager KG, Ross CA. Thin Film Self-Assembly of a Silicon-Containing Rod–Coil Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymer. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Chen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hejin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fen Liao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rong Ran
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kevin G. Yager
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Caroline A. Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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25
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Kim KH, Park J, Choe Y, Huh J, Bang J. The effect of chain architecture on the phase behavior of A4B4 miktoarm block copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00162j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined miktoarm (polystyrene)4-(polylactic acid)4 ((PS)4-(PLA)4) block copolymers were synthesized and their phase behaviors were compared with linear PS-b-PLA block copolymers, in which the miktoarm architecture enhanced the phase segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Youngson Choe
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Pusan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - June Huh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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26
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Liao F, Shi LY, Cheng LC, Lee S, Ran R, Yager KG, Ross CA. Self-assembly of a silicon-containing side-chain liquid crystalline block copolymer in bulk and in thin films: kinetic pathway of a cylinder to sphere transition. NANOSCALE 2018; 11:285-293. [PMID: 30534671 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07685e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a high-χ silicon-containing side-chain liquid crystalline block copolymer (LC BCP) in bulk and in thin films is reported, and the structural transition process from the hexagonally packed cylinder (HEX) to the body-centered cubic structure (BCC) in thin films was examined by both reciprocal and real space experimental methods. The block copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane-b-11-(4'-cyanobiphenyl-4-yloxy)undecylmethacrylate) (PDMS-b-P(4CNB11C)MA) with a molecular weight of 19.5 kg mol-1 and a volume fraction of PDMS 27% self-assembled in bulk into a hierarchical nanostructure of sub-20 nm HEX cylinders of PDMS with the P(4CNB11C)MA block exhibiting a smectic LC phase with a 1.61 nm period. The structure remained HEX as the P(4CNB11C)MA block transformed to an isotropic phase at ∼120 °C. In the thin films, the PDMS cylindrical microdomains were oriented in layers parallel to the substrate surface. The LC block formed a smectic LC phase which transformed to an isotropic phase at ∼120 °C, and the microphase-separated nanostructure transformed from HEX to BCC spheres at ∼160 °C. The hierarchical structure as well as the dynamic structural transition of the thin films were characterized using in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering. The transient morphologies from the HEX to BCC structure in thin films were captured by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, and the transition pathway was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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27
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Kayser F, Fleury G, Thongkham S, Navarro C, Martin-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Microphase Separation of Polybutyrolactone-Based Block Copolymers with Sub-20 nm Domains. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Kayser
- Université de Toulouse,
UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR5069, CNRS, LHFA, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), CNRS UMR 5629, IPB-ENSCBP, Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, Cedex F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Somprasong Thongkham
- Université de Toulouse,
UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR5069, CNRS, LHFA, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Navarro
- ARKEMA, Groupement de Recherches
de Lacq, RN 117, BP 34, Cedex F-64170 Lacq, France
| | - Blanca Martin-Vaca
- Université de Toulouse,
UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR5069, CNRS, LHFA, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Université de Toulouse,
UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR5069, CNRS, LHFA, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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28
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Abstract
Bioinspired smart asymmetric nanochannel membranes (BSANM) have been explored extensively to achieve the delicate ionic transport functions comparable to those of living organisms. The abiotic system exhibits superior stability and robustness, allowing for promising applications in many fields. In view of the abundance of research concerning BSANM in the past decade, herein, we present a systematic overview of the development of the state-of-the-art BSANM system. The discussion is focused on the construction methodologies based on raw materials with diverse dimensions (i.e. 0D, 1D, 2D, and bulk). A generic strategy for the design and construction of the BSANM system is proposed first and put into context with recent developments from homogeneous to heterogeneous nanochannel membranes. Then, the basic properties of the BSANM are introduced including selectivity, gating, and rectification, which are associated with the particular chemical and physical structures. Moreover, we summarized the practical applications of BSANM in energy conversion, biochemical sensing and other areas. In the end, some personal opinions on the future development of the BSANM are briefly illustrated. This review covers most of the related literature reported since 2010 and is intended to build up a broad and deep knowledge base that can provide a solid information source for the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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29
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Choi J, Li Y, Kim PY, Liu F, Kim H, Yu DM, Huh J, Carter KR, Russell TP. Orthogonally Aligned Block Copolymer Line Patterns on Minimal Topographic Patterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:8324-8332. [PMID: 29443490 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of block copolymer (BCP) line patterns oriented orthogonal to a very small (minimal) topographic trench pattern over arbitrarily large areas using solvent-vapor annealing. Increasing the thickness of BCP films induced an orthogonal alignment of the BCP cylindrical microdomains, where full orthogonal alignment of the cylindrical microdomains with respect to the trench direction was obtained at a film thickness corresponding to 1.70 L0. A capillary flow of the solvent across the trenches was a critical factor in the alignment of the cylindrical microdomains. Grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering was used to determine the orientation function of the microdomains, with a value of 0.997 being found reflecting a nearly perfect orientation. This approach to produce orthogonally aligned BCP line patterns could be extended to the nanomanufacturing and fabrication of hierarchical nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Yinyong Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Paul Y Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Feng Liu
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Duk Man Yu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - June Huh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kenneth R Carter
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , 120 Governors Drive , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Chaoyang District North Third Ring Road 15 , Beijing 100029 , China
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30
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Spiridon MC, Aissou K, Mumtaz M, Brochon C, Cloutet E, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Surface relief gratings formed by microphase-separated disperse red 1 acrylate-containing diblock copolymers. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Woo S, Jo S, Ryu DY, Choi SH, Choe Y, Khan A, Huh J, Bang J. Molecular Tailoring of Poly(styrene- b-methyl methacrylate) Block Copolymer Toward Perpendicularly Oriented Nanodomains with Sub-10 nm Features. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1386-1391. [PMID: 35650801 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel approach for fabricating vertically orientated, sub-10 nm, block copolymer (BCP) nanodomains on a substrate via molecular tailoring of poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) BCP, one of the most widely used BCPs for nanopatterning. The idea is to incorporate a short middle block of self-attracting poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) between the PS and PMMA blocks, where the PMAA middle block promotes phase separation between PS and PMMA, while maintaining the domain orientation perpendicular to the substrate. The designed PS-b-PMAA-b-PMMA triblock copolymers, which were synthesized via well-controlled anionic polymerization, exhibited order-disorder transition temperatures higher than that of pristine PS-b-PMMA BCPs, indicating the promotion of phase separation by the middle PMAA block. For PS-b-PMAA-b-PMMA BCPs with total molecular weights of 21 and 18 kg/mol, the domain spacing corresponds to 19.3 and 16.7 nm, respectively, allowing us to fabricate sub-10 nm nanodomain structures. More importantly, it was demonstrated that the PMAA middle block, which has a higher surface energy than PS and PMMA, does not significantly alter lateral concentration fluctuations, which are responsible for phase-separation in the lateral direction. This enabled the vertical orientation of microdomains with sub-10 nm feature size on a PS-r-PMMA neutral surface without an additional neutral top layer. We anticipate that this approach provides an important platform for next-generation lithography and nanopatterning applications that require sub-10 nm features over large areas with simple process and reduced cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Woo
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun Jo
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Choi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngson Choe
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Kumjeong-ku, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Anzar Khan
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - June Huh
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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32
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Legrain A, Fleury G, Mumtaz M, Navarro C, Arias-Zapata J, Chevalier X, Cayrefourcq I, Zelsmann M. Straightforward Integration Flow of a Silicon-Containing Block Copolymer for Line-Space Patterning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:43043-43050. [PMID: 29182294 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A promising alternative for the next-generation lithography is based on the directed self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) used as a bottom-up tool for the definition of nanometric features. Herein, a straightforward integration flow for line-space patterning is reported for a silicon BCP system, that is, poly(1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane)-b-poly(styrene) (PDMSB-b-PS), able to define sub 15 nm features. Both in-plane cylindrical (L0 = 20.7 nm) and out-of-plane lamellar structures (L0 = 23.2 nm) formed through a rapid thermal annealing-10 min at 180 °C-were successfully integrated using graphoepitaxy to provide a long-range ordering of the BCP structure without the use of underlayers or top coats. Subsequent deep transfer into the silicon substrate using the hardened oxidized PDMSB domains as a mask is demonstrated. Combining a rapid self-assembly behavior, straightforward integration, and an excellent etching contrast, PDMSB-b-PS may become a material of choice for the next-generation lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Legrain
- Laboratoire des Technologies de la Microélectronique-Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, LTM-CEA-LETI-MINATEC Campus , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux-UMR 5629 , F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux-UMR 5629 , F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Navarro
- ARKEMA France-Groupement de recherches de Lacq-RN 117 , BP34-64170 Lacq, France
| | - Javier Arias-Zapata
- Laboratoire des Technologies de la Microélectronique-Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, LTM-CEA-LETI-MINATEC Campus , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Chevalier
- ARKEMA France-Groupement de recherches de Lacq-RN 117 , BP34-64170 Lacq, France
| | - Ian Cayrefourcq
- ARKEMA France-Groupement de recherches de Lacq-RN 117 , BP34-64170 Lacq, France
| | - Marc Zelsmann
- Laboratoire des Technologies de la Microélectronique-Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, LTM-CEA-LETI-MINATEC Campus , F-38000 Grenoble, France
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33
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Hara S, Wada H, Shimojima A, Kuroda K. Formation of Nanogrooves with Sub-5 nm Periodicity Using Local Silicification at the Interspace between a Si Substrate and Lyotropic Liquid Crystals. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5160-5166. [PMID: 28481508 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up fabrication of nanopatterns with single nanometer-scale periodicity is quite challenging. In this study, we have focused on the use of the outermost convex surfaces of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) as a template. Periodically arrayed single nanometer-scale nanogrooves consisting of silica are successfully formed on a Si substrate covered with LLCs composed of cylindrical micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. Soluble silicate species are generated from the Si substrate by a treatment with an NH3-water vapor mixture, infilling the interspaces between the Si substrate and the LLCs. The cross section of the nanogrooves has a symmetrical sawtooth-like profile with a periodicity of 4.7 nm, and the depth of each nanogroove is around 2 nm. Uniaxial alignment of the nanogrooves can be achieved using micrometer-scale grooves fabricated by a focused ion beam technique. Although formed nanogrooves contain defects, such as bends and discontinuities, this successful concept provides a novel fabrication method of arrayed concave patterns with sub-5 nm periodicity on the surfaces of Si substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Hara
- Department of Advanced Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda University , 2-8-26 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
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34
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Aissou K, Mumtaz M, Portale G, Brochon C, Cloutet E, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Templated Sub-100-nm-Thick Double-Gyroid Structure from Si-Containing Block Copolymer Thin Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603777. [PMID: 28383179 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The directed self-assembly of diblock copolymer chains (poly(1,1-dimethyl silacyclobutane)-block-polystyrene, PDMSB-b-PS) into a thin film double gyroid structure is described. A decrease of the kinetics of a typical double-wave pattern formation is reported within the 3D-nanostructure when the film thickness on mesas is lower than the gyroid unit cell. However, optimization of the solvent-vapor annealing process results in very large grains (over 10 µm²) with specific orientation (i.e., parallel to the air substrate) and direction (i.e., along the groove direction) of the characteristic (211) plane, demonstrated by templating sub-100-nm-thick PDMSB-b-PS films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Aissou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cyril Brochon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS - ENSCPB - Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
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35
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Aissou K, Mumtaz M, Marcasuzaa P, Brochon C, Cloutet E, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Highly Ordered Nanoring Arrays Formed by Templated Si-Containing Triblock Terpolymer Thin Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603184. [PMID: 28092432 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Laterally ordered nanorings with a periodicity of 38 nm are produced from the directed self-assembly of poly(1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane)-block-polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) thin films on topographically patterned substrates. Such nanoscale arrays with vertically oriented rings are highly desired in technological applications including memory using magnetic recording, metamaterial, waveguide, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Aissou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Marcasuzaa
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Cyril Brochon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac Cedex, France
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36
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Nickmans K, Murphy JN, de Waal B, Leclère P, Doise J, Gronheid R, Broer DJ, Schenning APHJ. Sub-5 nm Patterning by Directed Self-Assembly of Oligo(Dimethylsiloxane) Liquid Crystal Thin Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10068-10072. [PMID: 27689779 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly ordered nanopatterns are obtained at sub-5 nm periodicities by the graphoepitaxial directed self-assembly of monodisperse, oligo(dimethylsiloxane) liquid crystals. These hybrid organic/inorganic liquid crystals are of high interest for nanopatterning applications due to the combination of their ultrasmall feature sizes and their ability to be directed into highly ordered domains without additional annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Nickmans
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey N Murphy
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Waal
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Leclère
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 20, B 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jan Doise
- Department of Electrical Engineering, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Imec vzw, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dick J Broer
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albertus P H J Schenning
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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37
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Barner-Kowollik C, Goldmann AS, Schacher FH. Polymer Interfaces: Synthetic Strategies Enabling Functionality, Adaptivity, and Spatial Control. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Anja S. Goldmann
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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38
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Aissou K, Kwon W, Mumtaz M, Antoine S, Maret M, Portale G, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Archimedean Tilings and Hierarchical Lamellar Morphology Formed by Semicrystalline Miktoarm Star Terpolymer Thin Films. ACS NANO 2016; 10:4055-4061. [PMID: 27023426 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
3-Miktoarm star terpolymer architecture provides a window of opportunity in the design of complex "three-colored" patterns at the nanometer scale. Here, the directed self-assembly (DSA) of 3-miktoarm star terpolymer (poly(1,1-dimethyl silacyclobutane)-arm-polystyrene-arm-poly(d,l-lactide acid)) (PDMSB-arm-PS-arm-PLA, noted hereafter 3 μ-DSL) into a hierarchical lamellar morphology is described. Excellent orientational order has been achieved by templating the asymmetric hierarchical lamellar morphology with topographical substrates. Increasing the PLA volume fraction leads to the formation of a hexagonal [6.6.6] Archimedean tiling which coexists with a metastable square symmetry [4.8.8] tiling stabilized by the step between terraces. Stability of the [6.6.6] tiling over the [4.8.8] one is also demonstrated with GISAXS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Aissou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
| | - Wonsang Kwon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
- Groupement de Recherches de Lacq, ARKEMA , RN 117, BP 34, F-64170 Cedex Lacq, France
| | - Ségolène Antoine
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
| | - Mireille Maret
- Laboratoire de Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés , CNRS-IPB, F-38000 St. Martin D Heres, France
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS, ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux , 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Cedex Pessac, France
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39
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Garnier J, Arias-Zapata J, Marconot O, Arnaud S, Böhme S, Girardot C, Buttard D, Zelsmann M. Sub-10 nm Silicon Nanopillar Fabrication Using Fast and Brushless Thermal Assembly of PS-b-PDMS Diblock Copolymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9954-9960. [PMID: 27020847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to obtaining spherical nanodomains using polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) is proposed. To reduce drastically the process time, we blended a copolymer with cylindrical morphology with a PS homopolymer. Adding PS homopolymer into a low-molar-mass cylindrical morphology PS-b-PDMS system drives it toward a spherical morphology. Besides, by controlling the as-spun state, spherical PDMS nanodomains could be kept and thermally arranged. This PS-homopolymer addition allows not only an efficient, purely thermal arrangement process of spheres but also the ability to work directly on nontreated silicon substrates. Indeed, as shown by STEM measurements, no PS brush surface treatment was necessary in our study to avoid a PDMS wetting layer at the interface with the Si substrate. Our approach was compared to a sphere-forming diblock copolymer, which needs a longer thermal annealing. Furthermore, GISAXS measurements provided complete information on PDMS sphere features. Excellent long-range order spherical microdomains were therefore produced on flat surfaces and inside graphoepitaxy trenches with a period of 21 nm, as were in-plane spheres with a diameter of 8 nm with a 15 min thermal annealing. Finally, direct plasma-etching transfer into the silicon substrate was demonstrated, and 20 nm high silicon nanopillars were obtained, which are very promising results for various nanopatterning applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Garnier
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Javier Arias-Zapata
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Marconot
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SP2M , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Arnaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Böhme
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Girardot
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Buttard
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SP2M , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- IUT-1 , 17 quai C. Bernard, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Zelsmann
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI , MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
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40
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Giammaria TJ, Ferrarese Lupi F, Seguini G, Perego M, Vita F, Francescangeli O, Wenning B, Ober CK, Sparnacci K, Antonioli D, Gianotti V, Laus M. Micrometer-Scale Ordering of Silicon-Containing Block Copolymer Thin Films via High-Temperature Thermal Treatments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9897-9908. [PMID: 27020526 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly is expected to complement conventional optical lithography for the fabrication of next-generation microelectronic devices. In this regard, silicon-containing BCPs with a high Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ) are extremely appealing because they form high-resolution nanostructures with characteristic dimensions below 10 nm. However, due to their slow self-assembly kinetics and low thermal stability, these silicon-containing high-χ BCPs are usually processed by solvent vapor annealing or in solvent-rich ambient at a low annealing temperature, significantly increasing the complexity of the facilities and of the procedures. In this work, the self-assembly of cylinder-forming polystyrene-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane-random-vinylmethylsiloxane) (PS-b-P(DMS-r-VMS)) BCP on flat substrates is promoted by means of a simple thermal treatment at high temperatures. Homogeneous PS-b-P(DMS-r-VMS) thin films covering the entire sample surface are obtained without any evidence of dewetting phenomena. The BCP arranges in a single layer of cylindrical P(DMS-r-VMS) nanostructures parallel-oriented with respect to the substrate. By properly adjusting the surface functionalization, the heating rate, the annealing temperature, and the processing time, one can obtain correlation length values larger than 1 μm in a time scale fully compatible with the stringent requirements of the microelectronic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Jacopo Giammaria
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Seguini
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Francesco Vita
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica and CNISM, Universitá Politecnica delle Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriano Francescangeli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica and CNISM, Universitá Politecnica delle Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Brandon Wenning
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Bard Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Christopher K Ober
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Bard Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Katia Sparnacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Diego Antonioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michele Laus
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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41
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Luo Y, Kim B, Montarnal D, Mester Z, Pester CW, McGrath AJ, Hill G, Kramer EJ, Fredrickson GH, Hawker CJ. Improved self-assembly of poly(dimethylsiloxane-b
-ethylene oxide) using a hydrogen-bonding additive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Luo
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Bongkeun Kim
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Damien Montarnal
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Laboratoire de Chimie Catalyse Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Université de Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265; Villeurbanne France
| | - Zoltan Mester
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Princeton University; New Jersey 08544
| | - Christian W. Pester
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Glake Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Jackson State University; Jackson Mississippi 39217
| | - Edward J. Kramer
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
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42
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Seshimo T, Maeda R, Odashima R, Takenaka Y, Kawana D, Ohmori K, Hayakawa T. Perpendicularly oriented sub-10-nm block copolymer lamellae by atmospheric thermal annealing for one minute. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19481. [PMID: 26782329 PMCID: PMC4726028 DOI: 10.1038/srep19481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The directed self-assembly (DSA) of block co-polymers (BCPs) can realize next-generation lithography for semiconductors and a variety of soft materials. It is imperative to simultaneously achieve many requirements such as a high resolution, orientation control of micro-domains, etch selectivity, rapid and mild annealing, a low cost, and compatibility with manufacturing for developing suitable BCPs. Here, we describe a new design for modified polysiloxane-based BCPs targeted for sub-10-nm-wide lines, which are able to form perpendicularly oriented lamellar structures in thin films. The hydroxyl groups in the side chains introduced in the polysiloxane block provide a good balance with the polystyrene surface free energy, thereby leading to the perpendicular orientation. Moreover, this orientation can be completed in only one minute at 130 °C in an air atmosphere. Oxygen plasma etching for the thin films results in the achievement of a line width of 8.5 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Seshimo
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-36 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Rina Maeda
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-36 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Rin Odashima
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-36 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takenaka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-36 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawana
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ohmori
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Teruaki Hayakawa
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-36 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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43
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Zhang Z, Kong XY, Xiao K, Xie G, Liu Q, Tian Y, Zhang H, Ma J, Wen L, Jiang L. A Bioinspired Multifunctional Heterogeneous Membrane with Ultrahigh Ionic Rectification and Highly Efficient Selective Ionic Gating. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:144-150. [PMID: 26551055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A bioinspired multifunctional heterogeneous membrane composed of a block copolymer (PS-b-P4VP) membrane and a porous anodic alumina membrane is fabricated. The ionic rectification is so strong that the maximum ratio is ≈489, and the chemical actuation of the anion or cation gate from the "OFF" to the "ON" state promotes a 98.5% increase in the channel conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ganhua Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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44
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Vora A, Wojtecki RJ, Schmidt K, Chunder A, Cheng JY, Nelson A, Sanders DP. Development of polycarbonate-containing block copolymers for thin film self-assembly applications. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01846c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
High quality block copolymers are needed for thin film self-assembly and directed self-assembly applications.
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45
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Rho Y, Aissou K, Mumtaz M, Kwon W, Pécastaings G, Mocuta C, Stanecu S, Cloutet E, Brochon C, Fleury G, Hadziioannou G. Laterally Ordered Sub-10 nm Features Obtained From Directed Self-Assembly of Si-Containing Block Copolymer Thin Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:6377-83. [PMID: 26540591 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Laterally ordered sub-10 nm features are produced from the directed self-assembly of poly(1,1-dimethyl silacyclo-butane)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PDMSB-b-PMMA) thin films on sinusoidal azobenzene-containing patterns. The use of sinusoidal surface relief grating enables the formation of very large grain areas (over several µm(2) ) consisting of out-of-plane PMMA cylinders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yecheol Rho
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Karim Aissou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
- ARKEMA, Groupement de Recherches de Lacq, RN 117, BP 34, F-64170, Lacq CEDEX, France
| | - Wonsang Kwon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Gilles Pécastaings
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Cristian Mocuta
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Stefan Stanecu
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Cyril Brochon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, CNRS-ENSCPB-Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607, Pessac CEDEX, France
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46
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Luo Y, Montarnal D, Treat NJ, Hustad PD, Christianson MD, Kramer EJ, Fredrickson GH, Hawker CJ. Enhanced Block Copolymer Phase Separation Using Click Chemistry and Ionic Junctions. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1332-1336. [PMID: 35614778 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the traditional parameters of chi (χ) and degree of polymerization (N), we demonstrate that the segregation strength of a diblock copolymer can be increased by introduction of an ionic unit at the junction of the two blocks. Compared to neutral linking groups, the electrostatic interactions between counterions of adjacent domain junctions leads to increased enthalpy, segregation strength, and phase separation. As a result, the order disorder transition temperatures of block copolymers with a 1,2,3-triazolium ionic junction were observed to be significantly higher than the corresponding neutral block copolymers. To demonstrate the potential of block copolymers with ionic junctions for nanopatterning, block copolymers were prepared by click coupling of homopolymers and then used to fabricate well-defined sub-10 nm line features. We believe that the concept of improved thin-film assembly through the introduction of ionic junctions is a powerful tool for block copolymer lithography and complements chi (χ) and degree of polymerization (N) in the design of macromolecular systems with enhanced phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Phillip D. Hustad
- Dow Electronic
Materials, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
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47
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Shi W, Tateishi Y, Li W, Hawker CJ, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ. Producing Small Domain Features Using Miktoarm Block Copolymers with Large Interaction Parameters. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1287-1292. [PMID: 35614830 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that small domain features (∼13 nm) can be obtained in a series of polystyrene (PS) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) block copolymers, PS-(PLA)2 and (PS)2-(PLA)2, that combine miktoarm molecular architectures with large interaction parameters. To supplement the experimental work, we used self-consistent field theory in tandem with the random phase approximation to explore and contrast the phase behavior of ABn and AnBn types of miktoarm block copolymers. Specifically, AB2 and A2B2 were found to be effective molecular architectures for inducing strong shifts in phase boundaries with copolymer composition and to simultaneously tune domain feature sizes. The performance of these systems is markedly different from the corresponding linear diblock copolymers and indicates the potential of macromolecular architecture control for future applications in lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Shi
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Yuichi Tateishi
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Edward J. Kramer
- Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, §Materials Department, and ⊥Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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48
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Ferrarese Lupi F, Aprile G, Giammaria TJ, Seguini G, Zuccheri G, De Leo N, Boarino L, Laus M, Perego M. Thickness and Microdomain Orientation of Asymmetric PS-b-PMMA Block Copolymer Films Inside Periodic Gratings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23615-23622. [PMID: 26439144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ordering process of asymmetric PS-b-PMMA block copolymers (BCPs) is investigated on flat SiO2 surfaces and on topographically patterned substrates. The topographic patterns consist of periodic gratings of 10 trenches defined by conventional top-down approaches and subsequently neutralized using a P(S-r-MMA) random copolymer (RCP). When the ordering process is accomplished on a flat surface at a temperature ranging between 180 and 230 °C, cylindrical microdomains perpendicularly oriented with respect to the substrate are observed irrespective of annealing temperature. In contrast, when the ordering process occurs on topographically patterned substrates, different phenomena have to be considered. The simultaneous effect of the flow around the gratings and the BCP flux from the zone located between adjacent trenches (mesa) into the inner part of the trenches results in significant thickness variations of the confined BCP film. Therefore, the amount of BCP inside the trenches depends on the width of the mesa region, which acts as a BCP reservoir. Moreover, within each trench group, the BCP thickness progressively decreases from the external to the central trenches composing the periodic grating. The thickness variation of the BCP film within the trenches strongly affects the ordering process, ultimately leading to different orientations of the microdomains within the trenches. In particular, when the annealing temperature is 190 °C a precise confinement of the BCP within the trenches featuring a perpendicular cylinder morphology is observed. At higher temperatures, mixed or parallel orientations of the microdomains are obtained depending on the width of the trenches in the periodic grating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Aprile
- NanoFacility Piemonte, Istituto Nazionale Ricerca Metrologica , Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale ''A. Avogadro'', INSTM, UdR Alessandria , Viale T. Michel 11, 1512 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Tommaso Jacopo Giammaria
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale ''A. Avogadro'', INSTM, UdR Alessandria , Viale T. Michel 11, 1512 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gabriele Seguini
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Zuccheri
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, INSTM, Centro S3, CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze , Via Irnerio 48, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Natascia De Leo
- NanoFacility Piemonte, Istituto Nazionale Ricerca Metrologica , Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Boarino
- NanoFacility Piemonte, Istituto Nazionale Ricerca Metrologica , Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Michele Laus
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale ''A. Avogadro'', INSTM, UdR Alessandria , Viale T. Michel 11, 1512 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
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49
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Luo Y, Montarnal D, Kim S, Shi W, Barteau KP, Pester CW, Hustad PD, Christianson MD, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Hawker CJ. Poly(dimethylsiloxane-b-methyl methacrylate): A Promising Candidate for Sub-10 nm Patterning. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sangwon Kim
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Phillip D. Hustad
- Dow Electronic Materials, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
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