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Xu C, Wang H, Guo H, Liang K, Zhang Y, Li W, Chen J, Lee JS, Zhang H. Parallel multi-stacked photoanodes of Sb-doped p-n homojunction hematite with near-theoretical solar conversion efficiency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9712. [PMID: 39521777 PMCID: PMC11550853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing transparent and efficient photoanodes is a challenging but essential task in tandem photoelectrochemical cell for unassisted solar water splitting without an external bias. Here we report construction of p-n homojunction hematite photoanodes by hybrid microwave annealing-induced single antimony doping, which results in the gradually-increased valence states from the surface to the inside by the unique features of hybrid microwave annealing. The Sb-doped p-n homojunction hematite photoanode exhibits improved performance and displays a good transparency, achieving a stable photocurrent density of ~4.21 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE under 100 mW cm-2 solar irradiation, which is comparable to the reported state-of-the-art hematite photoanodes. More importantly, a parallel-connected stack of six photoanodes of transparent p-n homojunction records a near-theoretical photocurrent density of ~10 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE under standard photoelectrochemical water splitting conditions, which serves as a useful reference for hematite photoanodes and promises its practical application for unbiased photoelectrochemical water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hongying Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ke Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Weicong Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Junze Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hemin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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2
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He X, Tian W, Yang L, Bai Z, Li L. Optical and Electrical Modulation Strategies of Photoelectrodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300350. [PMID: 37330656 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
When constructing efficient, cost-effective, and stable photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems, the solar-driven photo-to-chemical conversion efficiency of semiconductors is limited by several factors, including the surface catalytic activity, light absorption range, carrier separation, and transfer efficiency. Accordingly, various modulation strategies, such as modifying the light propagation behavior and regulating the absorption range of incident light based on optics and constructing and regulating the built-in electric field of semiconductors based on carrier behaviors in semiconductors, are implemented to improve the PEC performance. Herein, the mechanism and research advancements of optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are reviewed. First, parameters and methods for characterizing the performance and mechanism of photoelectrodes are introduced to reveal the principle and significance of modulation strategies. Then, plasmon and photonic crystal structures and mechanisms are summarized from the perspective of controlling the propagation behavior of incident light. Subsequently, the design of an electrical polarization material, polar surface, and heterojunction structure is elaborated to construct an internal electric field, which serves as the driving force to facilitate the separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for developing optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhong He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Center for Disease Immunity and Intervention, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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Li X, Dong Y, Hu G, Ma K, Chen M, Ding Y. Morphology Engineering of BiVO 4 with CoO x Derived from Cobalt-containing Polyoxometalate as Co-catalyst for Oxygen Evolution. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2967-2972. [PMID: 34352152 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4 ) as a metal oxidation semiconductor has stimulated extensive attention in the photocatalytic water splitting field. However, the poor transport ability and easy recombination of charge carriers limit photocatalytic water oxidation activity of pure BiVO4 . Herein, the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 is enhanced via adjusting its morphology and combination co-catalyst. First, the Cu-BiVO4 was synthesized by copper doping to control the growth of {110} facet of BiVO4 , which is regarded for the separation of photo-generated charge carriers. Then the CoOx in-situ generated from K6 [SiCoII (H2 O)W11 O39 ] ⋅ 16H2 O was photo-deposited on Cu-BiVO4 surface as co-catalyst to speed up reaction kinetics. Cu-BiVO4 @CoOx hybrid catalyst shows highest photocatalytic activity and best stability among all the prepared catalysts. Oxygen evolution is about 34.6 μmol in pH 4 acetic acid buffer under 420 nm LED irradiation, which is nearly 20 times higher than that of pure BiVO4 . Apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) in 1 h and O2 yield are 1.83% and 23.1%, respectively. O2 evolution amount nearly maintains the original value even after 5 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yinjuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kangwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
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4
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Kadam SA, Phan GT, Pham DV, Patil RA, Lai CC, Chen YR, Liou Y, Ma YR. Doping-free bandgap tunability in Fe 2O 3 nanostructured films. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5581-5588. [PMID: 36133276 PMCID: PMC9418971 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00442e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A tunable bandgap without doping is highly desirable for applications in optoelectronic devices. Herein, we develop a new method which can tune the bandgap without any doping. In the present research, the bandgap of Fe2O3 nanostructured films is simply tuned by changing the synthesis temperature. The Fe2O3 nanostructured films are synthesized on ITO/glass substrates at temperatures of 1100, 1150, 1200, and 1250 °C using the hot filament metal oxide vapor deposition (HFMOVD) and thermal oxidation techniques. The Fe2O3 nanostructured films contain two mixtures of Fe2+ and Fe3+ cations and two trigonal (α) and cubic (γ) phases. The increase of the Fe2+ cations and cubic (γ) phase with the elevated synthesis temperatures lifted the valence band edge, indicating a reduction in the bandgap. The linear bandgap reduction of 0.55 eV without any doping makes the Fe2O3 nanostructured films promising materials for applications in bandgap engineering, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit A Kadam
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Giang Thi Phan
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Duy Van Pham
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ranjit A Patil
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Lai
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ruei Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yung Liou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ron Ma
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
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5
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Wu Y, Zhao X, Huang S, Li Y, Zhang X, Zeng G, Niu L, Ling Y, Zhang Y. Facile construction of 2D g-C 3N 4 supported nanoflower-like NaBiO 3 with direct Z-scheme heterojunctions and insight into its photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125547. [PMID: 33676258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidation using solar energy is a promising green technology to degrade antibiotic contaminants. Herein, a 2D g-C3N4 supported nanoflower-like NaBiO3 with direct Z-scheme heterojunction was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach, and the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4/NaBiO3 was remarkable better than that of g-C3N4 and NaBiO3 for tetracycline degradation under visible light. Photoinduced electrons accumulated on the conduction band of g-C3N4 and holes gathered on the valence band of NaBiO3, which was more suitable for generating superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Meanwhile, the built-in electric field between g-C3N4 and NaBiO3 was proved by their different work functions based on DFT calculations, which enhanced the charges separation. The formed radicals were determined by ESR, and their role in the degradation of tetracycline was examined by the active species trapping test. Moreover, the sites attacked by free radicals and degradation pathways for tetracycline were inferred by the results of Gaussian 09 program and HPLC-MS. The effects of water matrix and three other organic contaminants was further studied for actual use evaluation. Importantly, the prepared g-C3N4/NaBiO3 showed stable photodegradation activity for eight cycles. This work not only provides a promising photocatalyst, but also gets insight into the photocatalytic removal of tetracycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China
| | - Xuesong Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yihao Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gongchang Zeng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lishan Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Ling
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
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6
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Buonsanti R, Loiudice A, Mantella V. Colloidal Nanocrystals as Precursors and Intermediates in Solid State Reactions for Multinary Oxide Nanomaterials. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:754-764. [PMID: 33492926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusPolyelemental compounds with dimensions in the nanosized regime are desirable in a large variety of applications, yet their synthesis remains a general challenge in chemistry. One of the major bottlenecks to obtaining multinary systems is the complexity of the synthesis itself. As the number of elements to include in one single nano-object increases, different chemical interactions arise during nucleation and growth, thus challenging the formation of the targeted product. Choosing the reaction conditions and identifying the parameters which ensure the desired reaction pathway are of the uttermost importance. When, in addition to composition, the simultaneous control of size and shape is sought after, the development of new synthetic strategies guided by the fundamental understanding of the formation mechanisms becomes crucial.In this Account we discuss the use of colloidal chemistry to target multinary oxide nanomaterials, with focus on light absorbers which can drive chemical reactions. We propose the combination of soft and solid-state chemistries as one successful strategy to target this family of polyelemental compounds with control on composition and morphological features. To start with, we highlight studies where in situ forming nanoparticles act as reaction intermediates, which we found in both oxide (i.e., Bi-V-O) and sulfide (Cu-M-S, with M = V, Cr, Mn) nanocrystals (NCs). Examples of ternary sulfides are mentioned only with the purpose of showing that similar mechanisms can apply to different families of multinary nanomaterials. Using this new knowledge, we demonstrate that reacting pre-synthesized NCs with well-defined composition and size with molecular precursors allows significant control of these same property-dictating features (i.e., composition and grain size) in the resulting ternary and quaternary compounds. For example, nanostructured BiV1-xSbxO4 thin films with tunable composition and nanostructured β-Cu2V2O7 with tunable grain size were accessed from colloidally synthesized Bi1-xSbx NCs (0 < x < 1) and size-controlled Cu NCs reacted with a vanadium molecular precursor, respectively. The analysis of reaction aliquots revealed that the formation of these materials occurs via a solid-state reaction between the NC precursors and V-containing amorphous nanoparticles, which form in situ from the molecular precursors. With the aim to achieve better control on the reaction product, we finally propose the use of colloidally synthesized NCs as reactants in solid state reactions. As the first proof of concept, ternary metal oxide NCs, including CuFe2O4, CuMn2O4, and CuGa2O4 with defined size and shape regulated by the NC precursors were obtained. Considering the huge library of single component and binary NCs accessible by colloidal chemistry, the extension of this synthetic concept, which combines soft and solid-state chemistries, to a larger variety of polyelemental nanomaterials is foreseen. Such an approach will contribute to facilitate a more rapid translation of design principles to materials with the desired composition and structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Mantella
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
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7
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Huang Z, Ding S, Li P, Chen C, Zhang M. Flexible Sb-graphene-carbon nanofibers as binder-free anodes for potassium-ion batteries with enhanced properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:025401. [PMID: 33055362 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbb4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are emerging as attractive alternatives to lithium-ion batteries for the large scale energy storage and conversion systems, in view of the natural abundance and low cost of potassium resources. However, the lack of applicable anodes for reversible accommodation to the large K+ limits the application of KIBs. Herein, porous Sb-graphene-carbon (Sb-G-C) nanofibers are fabricated via a scalable and facile electrospinning approach. As an attempt, the nanofibers weaving into flexible mats are introduced as binder-free anode materials of KIBs, presenting a great cycle life (204.95 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g-1), as well as the excellent rate capability (120.83 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1). The superior performances of the Sb-G-C anodes can be derived from the dispersed graphene, which offers enhanced tolerance to the volume change and promotes the electron transportation, accounting for the outstanding cyclability and rate capability. Furthermore, the extrinsic pseudocapacitance created from the 1D porous nanostructure of the Sb-G-C also boosts the K+ storage capacity. The presented results may pave a new pathway for future high-performance KIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
- College of Traffic Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Ding
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengchao Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Changmiao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gadiyar C, Loiudice A, D’Ambra F, Oveisi E, Stoian D, Iyengar P, Castilla-Amorós L, Mantella V, Buonsanti R. Nanocrystals as Precursors in Solid-State Reactions for Size- and Shape-Controlled Polyelemental Nanomaterials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15931-15940. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chethana Gadiyar
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Florian D’Ambra
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy (CIME), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Dragos Stoian
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Pranit Iyengar
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Laia Castilla-Amorós
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Mantella
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
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9
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Zhao Y, Liu T, Chen R, Zeng B, Tao X, Li J, Jin X, Li R, Li C. Embedding Sulfur Atoms in Decahedron Bismuth Vanadate Crystals with a Soft Chemical Approach for Expanding the Light Absorption Range. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Taifeng Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Ruotian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Jianming Li
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development (RIPED)PetroChina No. 20 Xueyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Xu Jin
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development (RIPED)PetroChina No. 20 Xueyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Rengui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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10
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Kim JH, Lee JS. Elaborately Modified BiVO 4 Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806938. [PMID: 30793384 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for solar-energy conversion have received immense interest as a promising technology for renewable hydrogen production. Their similarity to natural photosynthesis, utilizing sunlight and water, has provoked intense research for over half a century. Among many potential photocatalysts, BiVO4 , with a bandgap of 2.4-2.5 eV, has emerged as a highly promising photoanode material with a good chemical stability, environmental inertness, and low cost. Unfortunately, its charge transport properties are modest, at most a hole diffusion length (Lp ) of ≈70 nm. However, recent rapid developments in multiple modification strategies have elevated it to a position as the most promising metal oxide photoanode material. This review summarizes developments in BiVO4 photoanodes in the past 10 years, in which time it has continuously broken its own performance records for PEC water oxidation. Effective modification techniques are discussed, including synthesis of nanostructures/nanopores, external/internal doping, heterojunction fabrication, surface passivation, and cocatalysts. Tandem systems for unassisted solar water splitting and PEC production of value-added chemicals are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyun Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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11
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Allieta M, Marelli M, Malara F, Bianchi CL, Santangelo S, Triolo C, Patane S, Ferretti AM, Kment Š, Ponti A, Naldoni A. Shaped‐controlled silicon‐doped hematite nanostructures for enhanced PEC water splitting. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Hong X, Tan J, Zhu H, Feng N, Yang Y, Irvine JTS, Wang L, Liu G, Cheng HM. Control of Spatially Homogeneous Distribution of Heteroatoms to Produce Red TiO2
Photocatalyst for Visible-Light Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Chemistry 2019; 25:1787-1794. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Hong
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
| | - Jun Tan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
| | - Huaze Zhu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
| | - Ningdong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, and Atomic Molecular Physics; Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance; Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
| | | | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre; School of Chemical Engineering and AIBN; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 P.R. China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute; Tsinghua University; 1001 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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13
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Yang W, Prabhakar RR, Tan J, Tilley SD, Moon J. Strategies for enhancing the photocurrent, photovoltage, and stability of photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4979-5015. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00997j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we survey recent strategies for photoelectrode optimization and advanced characterization methods towards efficient water splitting cells via feedback from these characterization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooseok Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- 03722 Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeiwan Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- 03722 Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - S. David Tilley
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- 03722 Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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14
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Gadiyar C, Strach M, Schouwink P, Loiudice A, Buonsanti R. Chemical transformations at the nanoscale: nanocrystal-seeded synthesis of β-Cu 2V 2O 7 with enhanced photoconversion efficiencies. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5658-5665. [PMID: 30061999 PMCID: PMC6050627 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01314d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystal-seeded synthesis relies on the reaction of nanocrystal seeds with a molecular precursor and it can be regarded as the link between sol–gel and solid-state chemistries.
Nanocrystal-seeded synthesis relies on the reaction of nanocrystal seeds with a molecular precursor and it can be regarded as the link between sol–gel and solid-state chemistries. This synthesis approach aims at accessing compositionally complex materials, yet to date its full potential remains unexploited. Herein, surface oxidized Cu nanocrystal seeds with diameters from 6 nm to 70 nm are reacted with vanadium acetylacetonate to form β-Cu2V2O7 with a tunable grain size ranging from 29 nm to 63 nm. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements evidence the occurrence of a solid-state reaction between the NC seeds and the vanadium oxide formed during the annealing. The variation of the ion diffusion lengths, the homogeneity of the precursor solution and the number of nucleation sites with the NC seed size explains the lower formation temperature, the smaller grain size and the higher grain size monodispersity of β-Cu2V2O7 as the seed size decreases. Finally, the tunability afforded by the nanocrystal-seeded synthesis provides a unique opportunity to correlate the photoelectrochemical performance with the grain size in a size regime close to the charge carrier diffusion length of β-Cu2V2O7 (20–40 nm). The net photocurrent density peaks when the grain size is 39 nm by reaching 0.23 mA cm–2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE in the presence of a hole scavenger. While still far from the theoretical limit, this result overcomes the current state-of-the-art for β-Cu2V2O7. An interesting double fold increase in the photocurrent is found in mixed phase β-Cu2V2O7/CuV2O6 samples, suggesting that nanostructuring and heterostructuring are beneficial to the performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethana Gadiyar
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE) , Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland .
| | - Michal Strach
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE) , Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland .
| | - Pascal Schouwink
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE) , Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland .
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE) , Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland .
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15
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Titanium-zinc-bismuth oxides-graphene composite nanofibers as high-performance photocatalyst for gas purification. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Fang W, Jiang Z, Yu L, Liu H, Shangguan W, Terashima C, Fujishima A. Novel dodecahedron BiVO4:YVO4 solid solution with enhanced charge separation on adjacent exposed facets for highly efficient overall water splitting. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Zhu Z, Sarker P, Zhao C, Zhou L, Grimm RL, Huda MN, Rao PM. Photoelectrochemical Properties and Behavior of α-SnWO 4 Photoanodes Synthesized by Hydrothermal Conversion of WO 3 Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1459-1470. [PMID: 27991759 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxides with moderate band gaps are desired for efficient production of hydrogen from sunlight and water via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Here, we report an α-SnWO4 photoanode synthesized by hydrothermal conversion of WO3 films that achieves photon to current conversion at wavelengths up to 700 nm (1.78 eV). This photoanode is promising for overall PEC water-splitting because the flat-band potential and voltage of photocurrent onset are more negative than the potential of hydrogen evolution. Furthermore, the photoanode utilizes a large portion of the solar spectrum. However, the photocurrent density reaches only a small fraction of that which is theoretically possible. Density functional theory based thermodynamic and electronic structure calculations were performed to elucidate the nature and impact of defects in α-SnWO4 prepared by this synthetic route, from which hole localization at Sn-at-W antisite defects was determined to be a likely cause for the poor photocurrent. Measurements further showed that the photocurrent decreases over time due to surface oxidation, which was suppressed by improving the kinetics of hole transfer at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface. Alternative synthetic methods and the addition of protective coatings and/or oxygen evolution catalysts are suggested to improve the PEC performance and stability of this promising α-SnWO4 material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Pranab Sarker
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Chenqi Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Lite Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Ronald L Grimm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Muhammad N Huda
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Pratap M Rao
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
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18
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Suram SK, Newhouse PF, Gregoire JM. High Throughput Light Absorber Discovery, Part 1: An Algorithm for Automated Tauc Analysis. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:673-681. [PMID: 27662410 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput experimentation provides efficient mapping of composition-property relationships, and its implementation for the discovery of optical materials enables advancements in solar energy and other technologies. In a high throughput pipeline, automated data processing algorithms are often required to match experimental throughput, and we present an automated Tauc analysis algorithm for estimating band gap energies from optical spectroscopy data. The algorithm mimics the judgment of an expert scientist, which is demonstrated through its application to a variety of high throughput spectroscopy data, including the identification of indirect or direct band gaps in Fe2O3, Cu2V2O7, and BiVO4. The applicability of the algorithm to estimate a range of band gap energies for various materials is demonstrated by a comparison of direct-allowed band gaps estimated by expert scientists and by automated algorithm for 60 optical spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Suram
- Joint Center
for Artificial
Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena California 91125, United States
| | - Paul F. Newhouse
- Joint Center
for Artificial
Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena California 91125, United States
| | - John M. Gregoire
- Joint Center
for Artificial
Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena California 91125, United States
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19
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Baek SD, Biswas P, Kim JW, Kim YC, Lee TI, Myoung JM. Low-Temperature Facile Synthesis of Sb-Doped p-Type ZnO Nanodisks and Its Application in Homojunction Light-Emitting Diode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13018-13026. [PMID: 27160161 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores low-temperature solution-process-based seed-layer-free ZnO p-n homojunction light-emitting diode (LED). In order to obtain p-type ZnO nanodisks (NDs), antimony (Sb) was doped into ZnO by using a facile chemical route at 120 °C. The X-ray photoelectron spectra indicated the presence of (SbZn-2VZn) acceptor complex in the Sb-doped ZnO NDs. Using these NDs as freestanding templates, undoped n-type ZnO nanorods (NRs) were epitaxially grown at 95 °C to form ZnO p-n homojunction. The homojunction with a turn-on voltage of 2.5 V was found to be significantly stable up to 100 s under a constant voltage stress of 5 V. A strong orange-red emission was observed by the naked eye under a forward bias of 5 V. The electroluminescence spectra revealed three major peaks at 400, 612, and 742 nm which were attributed to the transitions from Zni to VBM, from Zni to Oi, and from VO to VBM, respectively. The presence of these deep-level defects was confirmed by the photoluminescence of ZnO NRs. This study paves the way for future applications of ZnO homojunction LEDs using low-temperature and low-cost solution processes with the controlled use of native defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Doo Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pranab Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Cheol Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Il Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University , 1342 Seongnam Daero, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Myoung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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20
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Zhang L, Luo Q, Chen X, Tse MS, Tan OK, Li KHH, Tay YY, Lim CK, Guo X, Leong KC. Mechanochemically synthesized CuO/m-BiVO4 composite with enhanced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13411d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous enhancement on photon absorption and charge separation leads to improved photo-activities of a CuO/BiVO4 composite over pristine BiVO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zhang
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Temasek Laboratories @ NTU
| | - Q. Luo
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Globalfoundries Singapore Pte Ltd
| | - X. Chen
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
| | - M. S. Tse
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Temasek Laboratories @ NTU
| | - O. K. Tan
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Temasek Laboratories @ NTU
| | - K. H. H. Li
- Temasek Laboratories @ NTU
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637553
| | - Y. Y. Tay
- Facility for Analysis
- Characterization
- Testing and Simulation
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
| | - C. K. Lim
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Temasek Laboratories @ NTU
| | - X. Guo
- Nanomaterials Lab
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
| | - K. C. Leong
- Globalfoundries Singapore Pte Ltd
- Singapore 738406
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