1
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Wang W, Tian W, Chen F, Wang J, Zhai W, Li L. Filter-Less Color-Selective Photodetector Derived from Integration of Parallel Perovskite Photoelectric Response Units. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404968. [PMID: 38897182 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Color-selective photodetectors (PDs) play an indispensable role in spectral recognition, image sensing, and other fields. Nevertheless, complex filters and delicate optical paths in such devices significantly increase their complexity and size, which subsequently impede their integration in smart optoelectronic chips for universal applications. This work demonstrates the successful fabrication of filter-less color-selective perovskite PDs by integrating three perovskite units with different photoresponse on a single chip. The variation in photoresponse is attributed to different quantities of SnO2 nanoparticles, synthesized through controlled ultrasonic treatment on the surface of the electron transportation layer SnS2, which selectively absorb short-wavelength light, thus increasing the relative transmittance of long-wavelength light and enhancing the photoresponse of the units to long wavelengths. By integrating any two units and deriving the formula for the wavelength to the responsivity ratio, a wavelength sensor is developed which can accurately identify incident light in the range of 400-700 nm with a minimum error <3 nm. Furthermore, the device integrating three units with different photoresponse can identify red, green and blue in polychromatic light to achieve color imaging with a relative error <6%. This work provides valuable insights into wavelength identification and color imaging of perovskite PDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Fang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jianyuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
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2
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Duan Y, Yu R, Zhang H, Yang W, Xie W, Huang Y, Yin Z. Programmable, High-resolution Printing of Spatially Graded Perovskites for Multispectral Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313946. [PMID: 38582876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Micro/nanostructured perovskites with spatially graded compositions and bandgaps are promising in filter-free, chip-level multispectral, and hyperspectral detection. However, achieving high-resolution patterning of perovskites with controlled graded compositions is challenging. Here, a programmable mixed electrohydrodynamic printing (M-ePrinting) technique is presented to realize the one-step direct-printing of arbitrary spatially graded perovskite micro/nanopatterns for the first time. M-ePrinting enables in situ mixing and ejection of solutions with controlled composition/bandgap by programmatically varying driving voltage applied to a multichannel nozzle. Composition can be graded over a single dot, line or complex pattern, and the printed feature size is down to 1 µm, which is the highest printing resolution of graded patterns to the knowledge. Photodetectors based on micro/nanostructured perovskites with halide ions gradually varying from Br to I are constructed, which successfully achieve multispectral detection and full-color imaging, with a high detectivity and responsivity of 3.27 × 1015 Jones and 69.88 A W-1, respectively. The presented method provides a versatile and competitive approach for such miniaturized bandgap-tunable perovskite spectrometer platforms and artificial vision systems, and also opens new avenues for the digital fabrication of composition-programmable structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenshuo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - YongAn Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhouping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China
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3
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Cao F, Liu Y, Liu M, Han Z, Xu X, Fan Q, Sun B. Wide Bandgap Semiconductors for Ultraviolet Photodetectors: Approaches, Applications, and Prospects. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0385. [PMID: 38803505 PMCID: PMC11128649 DOI: 10.34133/research.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light, invisible to the human eye, possesses both benefits and risks. To harness its potential, UV photodetectors (PDs) have been engineered. These devices can convert UV photons into detectable signals, such as electrical impulses or visible light, enabling their application in diverse fields like environmental monitoring, healthcare, and aerospace. Wide bandgap semiconductors, with their high-efficiency UV light absorption and stable opto-electronic properties, stand out as ideal materials for UV PDs. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advancements in both traditional and emerging wide bandgap-based UV PDs, highlighting their roles in UV imaging, communication, and alarming. Moreover, it examines methods employed to enhance UV PD performance, delving into the advantages, challenges, and future research prospects in this area. By doing so, this review aims to spark innovation and guide the future development and application of UV PDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
| | - Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
| | - Zeyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobao Xu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, P. R. China
| | - Quli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication (NJUPT), Nanjing210023, P. R. China
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4
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Wu G, Abid M, Zerara M, Cho J, Choi M, Ó Coileáin C, Hung KM, Chang CR, Shvets IV, Wu HC. Miniaturized spectrometer with intrinsic long-term image memory. Nat Commun 2024; 15:676. [PMID: 38263315 PMCID: PMC10805890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Miniaturized spectrometers have great potential for use in portable optoelectronics and wearable sensors. However, current strategies for miniaturization rely on von Neumann architectures, which separate the spectral sensing, storage, and processing modules spatially, resulting in high energy consumption and limited processing speeds due to the storage-wall problem. Here, we present a miniaturized spectrometer that utilizes a single SnS2/ReSe2 van der Waals heterostructure, providing photodetection, spectrum reconstruction, spectral imaging, long-term image memory, and signal processing capabilities. Interface trap states are found to induce a gate-tunable and wavelength-dependent photogating effect and a non-volatile optoelectronic memory effect. Our approach achieves a footprint of 19 μm, a bandwidth from 400 to 800 nm, a spectral resolution of 5 nm, and a > 104 s long-term image memory. Our single-detector computational spectrometer represents a path beyond von Neumann architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Mohamed Abid
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | | | - Jiung Cho
- Western Seoul Cente, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03579, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Choi
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cormac Ó Coileáin
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg, 85577, Germany
| | - Kuan-Ming Hung
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Ray Chang
- Quantum Information Center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Igor V Shvets
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Han-Chun Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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5
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Wang M, Zhang X, Liu L, Zhang X, Yan J, Jin W, Zhang P, Wang J. Stable and Highly Efficient Photocatalysis with Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3931-3941. [PMID: 38284003 PMCID: PMC10809364 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have excellent photoelectric properties, such as high charge mobility and a high optical absorption coefficient, which have attracted enormous attention in the field of optoelectronic devices and photochemistry. However, the stability of 2D OIHPs in solution is deficient. In particular, the lack of stability in polar solutions hinders their application in photochemistry. In this work, (iso-BA)2PbI4 was used as a model to explore the three possibilities of the stable existence of a 2D perovskite in aqueous solution. And two of these systems that stabilize the presence of (iso-BA)2PbI4 were further investigated through electrochemical testing. Moreover, (iso-BA)2PbI4 2D hybrid perovskites exhibited an outstanding degradation rate. The chiral perovskite (R/S-MBA)2PbI4 is able to degrade a 30 mg/L methyl orange solution completely within 5 min, making it one of the fastest catalysts for this particular organic reaction. Further, based on the electron spin resonance test, a degradation mechanism by the halide perovskite was proposed. Based on the great catalytic performance as well as good reusability and stability, (R/S-MBA)2PbI4 perovskites are expected to be a new generation of catalysts, making a great impact on the application of asymmetrically catalyzed photoreactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Wang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jiahe Yan
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
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6
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Liao Z, Li J, Long Y, Sheng H, Wang X, Li X, Guo W, Yin J. Simultaneous Sensing of Velocity and Position of a Moving Light Source Using Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38019552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors based on semiconductor devices have been widely used to sense light position, intensity, and wavelength. However, monitoring the motion velocity of a light beam generally requires complex integration of device arrays. Here, we report a single device of a simple metal-insulator-semiconductor structure for self-powered sensing not only position but also velocity of a light beam or shadow. A velocity-dependent voltage output between two terminals of the metal is observed. It is attributed to light illumination-induced local surface potential change in semiconductors and the following movement of local charges accumulated in the metal due to capacitive coupling. The amplitude of the velocity-dependent voltage can be facilely modulated by applying a gate voltage. These results shed light on compact devices with multiple sensing functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Liao
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Jidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Long
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Han Sheng
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
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7
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Zhou Y, Sun H, Guo L, Min L, Wang M, Li L. Emerging Computational Micro-Spectrometers - From Complex System Integration to Simple In Situ Modulation. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300479. [PMID: 37653642 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The extensive applications of spectrum analysis across various fields have rendered the traditional desktop spectrometers unable to meet the market demand for portability and instantaneity. Reducing the size of spectrometers has become a topic of interest. Based on this trend, a novel type of computational spectrometer is developed and has been widely studied owing to its unique features. Such spectrometers do not need to integrate complex mechanical or optical structures, and most of them can achieve spectrum analysis by the properties of the material itself combines with the reconstruction algorithm. Impressively, a single-detector computational spectrometer has recently been successfully realized based on in situ modulation of material properties. This not only enables the further miniaturization of the device, but also means that the footprint-resolution limitation which has always existed in the field of hyperspectral imaging has been broken, opening a new era of image analysis. This review summarizes the classifications and principles of various spectrometers, compares the spectrum resolution performances of different types of spectrometers, and highlights the progress of computational spectrometers, especially the revolutionary single-detector spectrometer. It is expected that this review will provide a positive impact on expanding the boundary of spectrum analysis and move hyperspectral imaging forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Haoxuan Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Linqi Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Min
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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8
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Cao F, Hu Z, Yan T, Hong E, Deng X, Wu L, Fang X. A Dual-Functional Perovskite-Based Photodetector and Memristor for Visual Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304550. [PMID: 37467009 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The imitation of human visual memory demands the multifunctional integration of light sensors similar to the eyes, and image memory, similar to the brain. Although humans have already implemented electronic devices with visual memory functions, these devices require a combination of various components and logical circuits. However, the combination of visual perception and high-performance information storage capabilities into a single device to achieve visual memory remains challenging. In this study, inspired by the function of human visual memory, a dual-functional perovskite-based photodetector (PD) and memristor are designed to realize visual perception and memory capacities. As a PD, it realizes an ultrahigh self-powered responsivity of 276 mA W-1 , a high detectivity of 4.7 × 1011 Jones (530 nm; light intensities, 2.34 mW cm-2 ), and a high rectification ratio of ≈100 (±2 V). As a memristor, an ultrahigh on/off ratio (≈105 ), an ultralow power consumption of 3 × 10-11 W, a low setting voltage (0.15 V), and a long retention time (>7000 s) are realized. Moreover, the dual-functional device has the capacity to perceive and remember light paths and store data with good cyclic stability. This device exhibits perceptual and cyclic erasable memory functions, which provides new opportunities for mimicking human visual memory in future multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Cao
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Enliu Hong
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Deng
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot, Hohhot, 010021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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9
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Zhao Y, Yin X, Li P, Ren Z, Gu Z, Zhang Y, Song Y. Multifunctional Perovskite Photodetectors: From Molecular-Scale Crystal Structure Design to Micro/Nano-scale Morphology Manipulation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:187. [PMID: 37515723 PMCID: PMC10387041 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional photodetectors boost the development of traditional optical communication technology and emerging artificial intelligence fields, such as robotics and autonomous driving. However, the current implementation of multifunctional detectors is based on the physical combination of optical lenses, gratings, and multiple photodetectors, the large size and its complex structure hinder the miniaturization, lightweight, and integration of devices. In contrast, perovskite materials have achieved remarkable progress in the field of multifunctional photodetectors due to their diverse crystal structures, simple morphology manipulation, and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this review, we first overview the crystal structures and morphology manipulation techniques of perovskite materials and then summarize the working mechanism and performance parameters of multifunctional photodetectors. Furthermore, the fabrication strategies of multifunctional perovskite photodetectors and their advancements are highlighted, including polarized light detection, spectral detection, angle-sensing detection, and self-powered detection. Finally, the existing problems of multifunctional detectors and the perspectives of their future development are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yin
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengwei Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiu Ren
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkun Gu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Li J, Han Z, Liu J, Zou Y, Xu X. Compositional gradient engineering and applications in halide perovskites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:5156-5173. [PMID: 37042042 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00967j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskites (HPs) have attracted respectable interests as active layers in solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, etc. Besides the promising optoelectronic properties and solution-processed preparation, the soft lattice in HPs leads to flexible and versatile compositions and structures, providing an effective platform to regulate the bandgaps and optoelectronic properties. However, conventional solution-processed HPs are homogeneous in composition. Therefore, it often requires the cooperation of multiple devices in order to achieve multi-band detection or emission, which increases the complexity of the detection/emission system. In light of this, the construction of a multi-component compositional gradient in a single active layer has promising prospects. In this review, we summarize the gradient engineering methods for different forms of HPs. The advantages and limitations of these methods are compared. Moreover, the entropy-driven ion diffusion favors compositional homogeneity, thus the stability issue of the gradient is also discussed for long-term applications. Furthermore, applications based on these compositional gradient HPs will also be presented, where the gradient bandgap introduced therein can facilitate carrier extraction, and the multi-components on one device facilitate functional integration. It is expected that this review can provide guidance for the further development of gradient HPs and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Zeyao Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yousheng Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Xiaobao Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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11
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Wu W, Lu H, Han X, Wang C, Xu Z, Han ST, Pan C. Recent Progress on Wavelength-Selective Perovskite Photodetectors for Image Sensing. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201499. [PMID: 36811238 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Spectral sensing plays a crucial part in imaging technologies, optical communication, and other fields. However, complicated optical elements, such as prisms, interferometric filters, and diffraction grating, are required for commercial multispectral detectors, which hampers their advance toward miniaturization and integration. In recent years, metal halide perovskites have been emerging for optical-component-free wavelength-selective photodetectors (PDs) because of their continuously tunable bandgap, fascinating optoelectronic properties, and simple preparation processes. In this review, recent advances in wavelength-selective perovskite PDs, including narrowband PDs, dual-band PDs, multispectral-recognizable PDs, and X-ray PDs, are highlighted, with an emphasis on device structure designs, working mechanisms, and optoelectronic performances. Meanwhile, the applications of wavelength-selective PDs in image sensing for single-/dual-color imaging, full-color imaging, and X-ray imaging are introduced. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives in this emerging field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Wu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Hui Lu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xun Han
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhangsheng Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Su-Ting Han
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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12
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Fu C, Li ZY, Wang J, Zhang X, Liang FX, Lin DH, Shi XF, Fang QL, Luo LB. A Simple-Structured Perovskite Wavelength Sensor for Full-Color Imaging Application. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:533-540. [PMID: 36595350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, simple-structured wavelength sensors were developed by depositing two back-to-back Au/MAPbI3/Au photodetectors on an MAPbI3 single crystal. This sensor could quantitatively distinguish wavelengths. Further device analysis showed that both photodetectors possess entirely disparate optoelectronic properties. Consequently, the as-developed wavelength sensor could accurately distinguish incident-light wavelengths ranging from 265 to 860 nm with a resolution of less than 1.5 nm based on the relation between the photocurrent ratios of both photodetectors and the incident light wavelengths. Notably, a high resolution and wide detection range are among the optimum reported values for such sensors and enable full-color imaging. Furthermore, technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations showed that a mechanism involved in distinguishing wavelengths is attributed to the wavelength-dependent photon generation rate in MAPbI3 single crystals. The high-performance MAPbI3 wavelength sensor can potentially drive the research progress of perovskites in wavelength recognition and full-color imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Fu
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Li
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Di-Hua Lin
- School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shi
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang236037, China
| | - Qun-Ling Fang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Lin-Bao Luo
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
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13
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Yoon HH, Fernandez HA, Nigmatulin F, Cai W, Yang Z, Cui H, Ahmed F, Cui X, Uddin MG, Minot ED, Lipsanen H, Kim K, Hakonen P, Hasan T, Sun Z. Miniaturized spectrometers with a tunable van der Waals junction. Science 2022; 378:296-299. [PMID: 36264793 DOI: 10.1126/science.add8544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Miniaturized computational spectrometers, which can obtain incident spectra using a combination of device spectral responses and reconstruction algorithms, are essential for on-chip and implantable applications. Highly sensitive spectral measurement using a single detector allows the footprints of such spectrometers to be scaled down while achieving spectral resolution approaching that of benchtop systems. We report a high-performance computational spectrometer based on a single van der Waals junction with an electrically tunable transport-mediated spectral response. We achieve high peak wavelength accuracy (∼0.36 nanometers), high spectral resolution (∼3 nanometers), broad operation bandwidth (from ∼405 to 845 nanometers), and proof-of-concept spectral imaging. Our approach provides a route toward ultraminiaturization and offers unprecedented performance in accuracy, resolution, and operation bandwidth for single-detector computational spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Hahn Yoon
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Henry A Fernandez
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Fedor Nigmatulin
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zongyin Yang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hanxiao Cui
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Faisal Ahmed
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Xiaoqi Cui
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Md Gius Uddin
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Ethan D Minot
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Harri Lipsanen
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Pertti Hakonen
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Tawfique Hasan
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland.,QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
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Guo L, Sun H, Wang M, Wang M, Min L, Cao F, Tian W, Li L. A Single-Dot Perovskite Spectrometer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200221. [PMID: 35706366 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There are significant applications for miniature on-chip spectrometers in many fields. However, at present, on-chip spectrometers have to utilize an integrated strategy to achieve spectral analysis, which undoubtedly squanders the photosensitive area and adds pressure to the miniaturization of the spectrometer. Here, a unique spectrometer design that adopts a single detection point with in situ modulation realized by the photogain control at various bias voltages is demonstrated. With micrometer-level footprints, this single-dot spectrometer processes a resolution of about 5 nm and a response time down to about 197 µs. This is the first in situ perovskite modulation strategy that breaks the footprint-resolution restriction of spectrum analysis and demonstrates a new design direction for functional perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Haoxuan Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Min
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Fengren Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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15
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Liu J, Hu D, Ni M, Zou Y, Gu Y, Han Z, Li J, He Y, Zhang Z, Xu X. Monolithic RGB-NIR Perovskite Photodetector for Fused Multispectral Sensing and Imaging. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3659-3666. [PMID: 35437992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The multispectral fusion of near-infrared (NIR) and visible red-green-blue (RGB) photons can enhance target identification under weak light conditions. Nevertheless, the crosstalk between NIR and RGB photons in a traditional pixelated sensor impedes their practical application, while using complex algorithms and optical filters would significantly increase the cost, form factor, and frame latency. In this work, a delicate monolithic RGBN (RGB-NIR) multispectral photodetector (PD) is proposed on the basis of perovskite materials without complicated algorithms or optical filters. The multispectral response toward selective RGBN signals in this monolithic PD pixels can be achieved by switching the polarity of the applied bias, affording the following benefits: Ion/Ioff ratio of >104, detectivity of >1010 Jones, crosstalk of -74 dB, and fast response with -3 dB > 103 Hz. Moreover, proof-of-concept imaging of the iris and periocular with successful recognition in multispectral fusion further confirms its potential for identity authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dawei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingzhu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yousheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zeyao Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yin He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaobao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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16
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Wang XL, Chen Y, Chu Y, Liu WJ, Zhang DW, Ding SJ, Wu X. Spectrum Reconstruction with Filter-Free Photodetectors Based on Graded-Band-Gap Perovskite Quantum Dot Heterojunctions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14455-14465. [PMID: 35311251 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spectrum reconstruction with filter-free microspectrometers has attracted much attention owing to their promising potential in in situ analysis systems, on-chip spectroscopy characterizations, hyperspectral imaging, etc. Further efforts in this field can be devoted to improving the performance of microspectrometers by employing high-performance photosensitive materials and optimizing the reconstruction algorithms. In this work, we demonstrate spectrum reconstruction with a set of photodetectors based on graded-band-gap perovskite quantum dot (PQD) heterojunctions using both calculation and machine learning algorithms. The photodetectors exhibit good photosensitivities with nonlinear current-voltage curves, and the devices with different PQD band gaps show various spectral responsivities with different cutoff wavelength edges covering the entire visible range. Reconstruction performances of monochromatic spectra with the set of PQD photodetectors using two different algorithms are compared, and the machine learning method achieves relatively better accuracy. Moreover, the nonlinear current-voltage variation of the photodetectors can provide increased data diversity without redundancy, thus further improving the accuracy of the reconstructed spectra for the machine learning algorithm. A spectral resolution of 10 nm and reconstruction of multipeak spectra are also demonstrated with the filter-free photodetectors. Therefore, this study provides PQD photodetectors with the corresponding optimized algorithms for emerging flexible microspectrometer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yantao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yingli Chu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - David Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center, Shanghai 201203, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shi-Jin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai 201203, China
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17
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Xu X, Han Z, Zou Y, Li J, Gu Y, Hu D, He Y, Liu J, Yu D, Cao F, Zeng H. Miniaturized Multispectral Detector Derived from Gradient Response Units on Single MAPbX 3 Microwire. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108408. [PMID: 34936718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturized multispectral detectors are urgently desired given the unprecedented prosperity of smart optoelectronic chips for integrated functions including communication, imaging, scientific analysis, etc. However, multispectral detectors require complicated prism optics or interference/interferometric filters for spectral recognition, which hampers the miniaturization and their subsequent integration in photonic integrated circuits. In this work, inspired by the advance of computational imaging, optical-component-free miniaturized multispectral detector on 4 mm gradient bandgap MAPbX3 microwire with a diameter of 30 µm, is reported. With accurate composition engineering, halide ions in MAPbX3 microwire vary from Cl to I giving in the gradual variation of optical bandgap from 2.96 to 1.68 eV along axis. The sensing units on MAPbX3 microwire offer the response edge ranging from 450 to 790 nm with the responsivity over 20 mA W-1 , -3dB width over 450 Hz, LDR of ≈60 dB, and a noise current less than ≈1.4 × 10-12 A Hz-0.5 . As a result, the derived miniaturized detector achieves the function of multispectral sensing and discrimination with spectral resolution of ≈25 nm and mismatch of ≈10 nm. Finally, the proof-of-concept colorful imaging is successfully conducted with the miniaturized multispectral detector to further confirm its application in spectral recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zeyao Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yousheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Junyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dawei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yin He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dejian Yu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fei Cao
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Haibo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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18
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Li W, Liu Y, Huang X, Jiang S, Zhao C, Mai W. Interfacial Gradient-Energy-Band-Alignment Modulation via a Vapor-Phase Anion-Exchange Reaction toward Lead-Free Perovskite Photodetectors with Excellent UV Imaging Capability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:53194-53201. [PMID: 34719922 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bi-based inorganic perovskites have attracted great attention in optoelectronics, as they feature similar photoelectric properties but have high stability and lead-free merits. Unfortunately, due to the high exciton binding energy and small Bohr radius, their photodetection performance still largely lags behind that of Pb-based counterparts. Herein, using a vapor-phase chloride ion-substitution strategy, Cs3Bi2Br9 photodetectors (PDs) with gradient energy band alignment were delicately modulated, contributing to a high carrier separation/collection efficiency. The optimized Bi-based perovskite ACCT (Al2O3/Cs3Bi2Br9/Cs3Bi2ClxBr9-x/TiO2) PDs exhibit outstanding performance, the ON/OFF ratio and linear dynamic range (LDR) are significantly improved by 20 and 2.6 times, respectively. Significantly, we further demonstrate the high-SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) UV imaging based on the optimized device, which shows 21.887 dB higher than that of the pristine device. Finally, the vapor-phase anion-exchange modified perovskite PDs show long-term stability and high UV resistance. Vapor-phase ion-substitution is a promising approach for the synergistic effect of matched energy band alignment and interface passivation, which can be applied to other perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Li
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Liu
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxi Zhao
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Mai
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
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19
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Liang FX, Fan RY, Li JY, Fu C, Jiang JJ, Fang T, Wu D, Luo LB. Highly Sensitive Ultraviolet and Visible Wavelength Sensor Composed of Two Identical Perovskite Nanofilm Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102987. [PMID: 34431627 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the design of a wavelength sensor composed of two identical perovskite (FA0.85 Cs0.15 PbI3 ) photodetectors (PDs) that are capable of discriminating incident wavelength in a quantitative way. Due to strong wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient, the penetration depth of the photons in the FA0.85 Cs0.15 PbI3 nanofilms increases with the increasing wavelength, leading to a gradual decrease of photo-generated current for PD1, but an increase of photocurrent in PD2, according to the theoretical simulation of Technology Computer Aided Design. This special evolution of photo-generated current as a function of wavelength facilitates the quantitative determination of the wavelength since the current ratio of both PDs monotonously decreases with the increase of wavelength from 265 to 810 nm. The average absolute error and the average relative error are estimated to be 7.6 nm and 1.68%, respectively, which are much better than other semiconductors materials-based wavelength sensors previously reported. It is believed that the present perovskite film-based wavelength sensor will have potential application in the future color/spectrum optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xia Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Rong-Yu Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jing-Yue Li
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Can Fu
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jing-Jing Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ting Fang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin-Bao Luo
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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Fu C, Xiao YT, Xing Y, Tong XW, Wang J, Zhang ZX, Wang L, Wu D, Luo LB. Filterless Discrimination of Wavelengths in the Range from Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Light Using Two PdSe 2/Thin Si/PdSe 2 Heterojunction Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43273-43281. [PMID: 34469096 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a wavelength sensor that is capable of distinguishing the spectrum in the range from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) light. The filterless device is composed of two horizontally stacking PdSe2/20 μm Si/PdSe2 heterojunction photodetectors with a photovoltaic (PV) behavior, which makes it possible for the device to work at 0 bias voltage. Due to the relatively small thickness of Si and the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient, the two PdSe2/20 μm Si/PdSe2 photodetectors according to theoretical simulation display a sharp contrast in distribution of the photoabsorption rate. As a result, the photocurrents of both photodetectors evolve in completely different ways with increasing wavelengths, leading to a monotonic decrease in the photocurrent ratio from 6800 to 22 when the wavelength gradually increases from 265 to 1050 nm. The corresponding relationship between both the photocurrent ratio and wavelength can be easily described by the monotonic function, which can help to precisely determine the wavelength in the range from 265 to 1050 nm, with an average relative error less than ±1.6%. It is also revealed that by slightly revising the monotonic function, the wavelength in other different temperatures can also be estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Fu
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yu-Tian Xiao
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yue Xing
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Tong
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, and Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lin-Bao Luo
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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21
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Yang WH, Jiang XY, Xiao YT, Fu C, Wan JK, Yin X, Tong XW, Wu D, Chen LM, Luo LB. Detection of wavelength in the range from ultraviolet to near infrared light using two parallel PtSe 2/thin Si Schottky junctions. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1976-1984. [PMID: 34846474 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00286d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A wavelength sensor as a representative optoelectronic device plays an important role in many fields including visible light communication, medical diagnosis, and image recognition. In this study, a wavelength-sensitive detector with a new operation mechanism was reported. The as-proposed wavelength sensor which is composed of two parallel PtSe2/thin Si Schottky junction photodetectors is capable of distinguishing wavelength in the range from ultraviolet to near infrared (UV-NIR) light (265 to 1050 nm), in that the relationship between the photocurrent ratio of both photodetectors and incident wavelength can be numerically described by a monotonic function. The unique operation mechanism of the thin Si based wavelength sensor was unveiled by theoretical simulation based on Synopsys Sentaurus Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). Remarkably, the wavelength sensor has an average absolute error of ±4.05 nm and an average relative error less than ±0.56%, which are much better than previously reported devices. What is more, extensive analysis was performed to reveal how and to what extent the working temperature and incident light intensity, and the thickness of the PtSe2 layer will influence the performance of the wavelength sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Yang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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22
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Li R, Li B, Fang X, Wang D, Shi Y, Liu X, Chen R, Wei Z. Self-Structural Healing of Encapsulated Perovskite Microcrystals for Improved Optical and Thermal Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100466. [PMID: 33788315 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite materials and their optoelectronic devices have attracted intensive attentions in recent years. However, it is difficult to further improve the performance of perovskite devices due to the poor stability and the intrinsic deep level trap states (DLTS), which are caused by surface dangling bonds and grain boundaries. Herein, the CH3 NH3 PbBr3 perovskite microcrystal is encapsulated by a dense Al2 O3 layer to form a microenvironment. Through optical measurement, it is found that the structure of perovskite can be healed by itself even under high temperature and long-time laser illumination. The DLTS density decreases nearly an order of magnitude, which results in 4-14 times enhancement of light emission. The observation is ascribed to the micron-level environment, which serves as a self-sufficient high-vacuum growth chamber, where the components of the perovskite are completely retained when sublimated and the decomposed atoms can re-arrange after thermal treatment. The modified structure showing high thermal stability is able to maintain excellent optical and lasing stability up to 2 years. This discovery provides a new idea and perspective for improving the stability of perovskite and can be of practical interest for perovskite device application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxue Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545006, P. R. China
| | - Bobo Li
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Dengkui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yueqing Shi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
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23
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Yang Z, Albrow-Owen T, Cai W, Hasan T. Miniaturization of optical spectrometers. Science 2021; 371:371/6528/eabe0722. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abe0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spectroscopic analysis is one of the most widely used analytical tools in scientific research and industry. Although laboratory benchtop spectrometer systems offer superlative resolution and spectral range, their miniaturization is crucial for applications where portability is paramount or where in situ measurements must be made. Advancement in this field over the past three decades is now yielding microspectrometers with performance and footprint near those viable for lab-on-a-chip systems, smartphones, and other consumer technologies. We summarize the technologies that have emerged toward achieving these aims—including miniaturized dispersive optics, narrowband filter systems, Fourier transform interferometers, and reconstructive microspectrometers—and discuss the challenges associated with improving spectral resolution while device dimensions shrink ever further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyin Yang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tom Albrow-Owen
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tawfique Hasan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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24
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Zhang MN, Wu X, Riaud A, Wang XL, Xie F, Liu WJ, Mei Y, Zhang DW, Ding SJ. Spectrum projection with a bandgap-gradient perovskite cell for colour perception. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:162. [PMID: 33014357 PMCID: PMC7492220 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices for light or spectral signal detection are desired for use in a wide range of applications, including sensing, imaging, optical communications, and in situ characterization. However, existing photodetectors indicate only light intensities, whereas multiphotosensor spectrometers require at least a chip-level assembly and can generate redundant signals for applications that do not need detailed spectral information. Inspired by human visual and psychological light perceptions, the compression of spectral information into representative intensities and colours may simplify spectrum processing at the device level. Here, we propose a concept of spectrum projection using a bandgap-gradient semiconductor cell for intensity and colour perception. Bandgap-gradient perovskites, prepared by a halide-exchanging method via dipping in a solution, are developed as the photoactive layer of the cell. The fabricated cell produces two output signals: one shows linear responses to both photon energy and flux, while the other depends on only photon flux. Thus, by combining the two signals, the single device can project the monochromatic and broadband spectra into the total photon fluxes and average photon energies (i.e., intensities and hues), which are in good agreement with those obtained from a commercial photodetector and spectrometer. Under changing illumination in real time, the prepared device can instantaneously provide intensity and hue results. In addition, the flexibility and chemical/bio-sensing of the device via colour comparison are demonstrated. Therefore, this work shows a human visual-like method of spectrum projection and colour perception based on a single device, providing a paradigm for high-efficiency spectrum-processing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Antoine Riaud
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Fengxian Xie
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Lighting Technology, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - David Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Shi-Jin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
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25
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Zhao Y, Li C, Jiang J, Wang B, Shen L. Sensitive and Stable Tin-Lead Hybrid Perovskite Photodetectors Enabled by Double-Sided Surface Passivation for Infrared Upconversion Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001534. [PMID: 32419331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tin(Sn)-based perovskite is currently considered one of the most promising materials due to extending the absorption spectrum and reducing the use of lead (Pb). However, Sn2+ is easily oxidized to Sn4+ in atmosphere, causing more defects and degradation of perovskite materials. Herein, double-sided interface engineering is proposed, that is, Sn-Pb perovskite films are sandwiched between the phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) in both the bottom and top sides. The larger organic cations of PEA+ are arranged into a perovskite surface lattice to form a 2D capping layer, which can effectively prevent the water and oxygen to destroy bulk perovskite. Meanwhile, the PEA+ can also passivate defects of iodide anions at the bottom of perovskite films, which is always present but rarely considered previously. Compared to one sided passivation, Sn-Pb hybrid perovskite photodetectors contribute a significant enhancement of performance and stability, yielding a broadband response of 300-1050 nm, a low dark current density of 1.25 × 10-3 mA cm-2 at -0.1 V, fast response speed of 35 ns, and stability beyond 240 h. Furthermore, the Sn-Pb broadband photodetectors are integrated in an infrared up-conversion system, converting near-infrared light into visible light. It is believed that a double-sided passivation method can provide new strategies to achieving high-performance perovskite photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Boming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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