1
|
Dang C, Wang Z, Hughes-Riley T, Dias T, Qian S, Wang Z, Wang X, Liu M, Yu S, Liu R, Xu D, Wei L, Yan W, Zhu M. Fibres-threads of intelligence-enable a new generation of wearable systems. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39087714 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Fabrics represent a unique platform for seamlessly integrating electronics into everyday experiences. The advancements in functionalizing fabrics at both the single fibre level and within constructed fabrics have fundamentally altered their utility. The revolution in materials, structures, and functionality at the fibre level enables intimate and imperceptible integration, rapidly transforming fibres and fabrics into next-generation wearable devices and systems. In this review, we explore recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in smart fibre-enabled fabrics. We examine common challenges and bottlenecks in fibre materials, physics, chemistry, fabrication strategies, and applications that shape the future of wearable electronics. We propose a closed-loop smart fibre-enabled fabric ecosystem encompassing proactive sensing, interactive communication, data storage and processing, real-time feedback, and energy storage and harvesting, intended to tackle significant challenges in wearable technology. Finally, we envision computing fabrics as sophisticated wearable platforms with system-level attributes for data management, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and closed-loop intelligent networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Theodore Hughes-Riley
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Tilak Dias
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Mingyang Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Senlong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Rongkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Dewen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao BH, Xiao K, Li JX, Xiao CF, Cao S, Liu ZQ. Flexible electrochemical energy storage devices and related applications: recent progress and challenges. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11229-11266. [PMID: 39055032 PMCID: PMC11268522 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02139h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the escalating demand for wearable electronics, there is an urgent need to explore cost-effective and environmentally friendly flexible energy storage devices with exceptional electrochemical properties. However, the existing types of flexible energy storage devices encounter challenges in effectively integrating mechanical and electrochemical performances. This review is intended to provide strategies for the design of components in flexible energy storage devices (electrode materials, gel electrolytes, and separators) with the aim of developing energy storage systems with excellent performance and deformability. Firstly, a concise overview is provided on the structural characteristics and properties of carbon-based materials and conductive polymer materials utilized in flexible energy storage devices. Secondly, the fabrication process and strategies for optimizing their structures are summarized. Subsequently, a comprehensive review is presented regarding the applications of carbon-based materials and conductive polymer materials in various fields of flexible energy storage, such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and zinc-ion batteries. Finally, the challenges and future directions for next-generation flexible energy storage systems are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Kang Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jian-Xi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Can-Fei Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shunsheng Cao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding Y, Jiang J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Porous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1535-1648. [PMID: 38373392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in the development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling the creation of cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous conductive textiles (PCTs) have emerged as an ideal material platform for wearable electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, and wearing comfort. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress and state of the art of utilizing PCTs for the design and fabrication of a wide variety of wearable electronic devices and their integrated wearable systems. To begin with, we elucidate how PCTs revolutionize the form factors of wearable electronics. We then discuss the preparation strategies of PCTs, in terms of the raw materials, fabrication processes, and key properties. Afterward, we provide detailed illustrations of how PCTs are used as basic building blocks to design and fabricate a wide variety of intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic devices, energy-harvesting and storage devices, and displays. We further describe the techniques and strategies for wearable electronic systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid electronic components with PCTs or by integrating multiple fibrous devices made of PCTs. Subsequently, we highlight some important wearable application scenarios in healthcare, sports and training, converging technologies, and professional specialists. At the end of the Review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on future research directions and give overall conclusions. As the demand for more personalized and interconnected devices continues to grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential to redefine the landscape of wearable technology and reshape the way we live, work, and play.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ding
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingsi Wu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zong Y, Chen H, Wang J, Wu M, Chen Y, Wang L, Huang X, He H, Ning X, Bai Z, Wen W, Zhu D, Ren X, Wang N, Dou S. Cation Defect-Engineered Boost Fast Kinetics of Two-Dimensional Topological Bi 2 Se 3 Cathode for High-Performance Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306269. [PMID: 37882357 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The challenge with aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) lies in finding suitable cathode materials that can provide high capacity and fast kinetics. Herein, two-dimensional topological Bi2 Se3 with acceptable Bi-vacancies for ZIBs cathode (Cu-Bi2-x Se3 ) is constructed through one-step hydrothermal process accompanied by Cu heteroatom introduction. The cation-deficient Cu-Bi2-x Se3 nanosheets (≈4 nm) bring improved conductivity from large surface topological metal states contribution and enhanced bulk conductivity. Besides, the increased adsorption energy and reduced Zn2+ migration barrier demonstrated by density-functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrate the decreased Coulombic ion-lattice repulsion of Cu-Bi2-x Se3 . Therefore, Cu-Bi2-x Se3 exhibits both enhanced ion and electron transport capability, leading to more carrier reversible insertion proved by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD). These features endow Cu-Bi2-x Se3 with sufficient specific capacity (320 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 ), high-rate performance (97 mA h g-1 at 10 A g-1 ), and reliable cycling stability (70 mA h g-1 at 10 A g-1 after 4000 cycles). Furthermore, quasi-solid-state fiber-shaped ZIBs employing the Cu-Bi2-x Se3 cathode demonstrate respectable performance and superior flexibility even under high mass loading. This work implements a conceptually innovative strategy represented by cation defect design in topological insulator cathode for achieving high-performance battery electrochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zong
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haichao Chen
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Menghua Wu
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liyu Wang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinliang Huang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongwei He
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Ning
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhongchao Bai
- Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Daming Zhu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ren
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
| | - Shixue Dou
- Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu X, Zhang Y, Man Z, Lu W, Chen W, Xu J, Bao N, Chen W, Wu G. Microfluidic-Assembled Covalent Organic Frameworks@Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Vertical Fibers for High-Performance Electrochemical Supercapacitors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2307186. [PMID: 37619540 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The delicate design of innovative and sophisticated fibers with vertical porous skeleton and eminent electrochemical activity to generate directional ionic pathways and good faradic charge accessibility is pivotal but challenging for realizing high-performance fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSCs). Here, hierarchically ordered hybrid fiber combined vertical-aligned and conductive Ti3 C2 Tx MXene (VA-Ti3 C2 Tx ) with interstratified electroactive covalent organic frameworks LZU1 (COF-LZU1) by one-step microfluidic synthesis is developed. Due to the incorporation of vertical channels, abundant redox active sites and large accessible surface area throughout the electrode, the VA-Ti3 C2 Tx @COF-LZU1 fibers express exceptional gravimetric capacitance of 787 F g-1 in a three-electrode system. Additionally, the solid-state asymmetric FSCs deliver a prominent energy density of 27 Wh kg-1 , capacitance of 398 F g-1 and cycling life of 20 000 cycles. The key to high energy storage ability originates from the decreased ions adsorption energy and ameliorative charge density distribution in vertically aligned and active hybrid fiber, accelerating ions transportation/accommodation and interfacial electrons transfer. Benefiting from excellent electrochemical performance, the FSCs offer sufficient energy supply to power watches, flags, and digital display tubes as well as be integrated with sensors to detect pulse signals, which opens a promising route for architecting advanced fiber toward the carbon neutrality market beyond energy-storage technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Zengming Man
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Wangyang Lu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ningzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Guan Wu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aktas A, Demircali AA, Secoli R, Temelkuran B, Rodriguez Y Baena F. Towards a Procedure-Optimised Steerable Catheter for Deep-Seated Neurosurgery. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2008. [PMID: 37509647 PMCID: PMC10377471 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, steerable needles have attracted significant interest in relation to minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Specifically, the flexible, programmable bevel-tip needle (PBN) concept was successfully demonstrated in vivo in an evaluation of the feasibility of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) for chemotherapeutics within the ovine model with a 2.5 mm PBN prototype. However, further size reductions are necessary for other diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and drug delivery operations involving deep-seated tissue structures. Since PBNs have a complex cross-section geometry, standard production methods, such as extrusion, fail, as the outer diameter is reduced further. This paper presents our first attempt to demonstrate a new manufacturing method for PBNs that employs thermal drawing technology. Experimental characterisation tests were performed for the 2.5 mm PBN and the new 1.3 mm thermally drawn (TD) PBN prototype described here. The results show that thermal drawing presents a significant advantage in miniaturising complex needle structures. However, the steering behaviour was affected due to the choice of material in this first attempt, a limitation which will be addressed in future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Aktas
- Mechatronics in Medicine Laboratory, Hamlyn Center, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ali Anil Demircali
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Riccardo Secoli
- Mechatronics in Medicine Laboratory, Hamlyn Center, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Burak Temelkuran
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang M, Xu T, Wang D, Yao T, Xu Z, Liu Q, Shen L, Yu Y. A 3D-Printed Proton Pseudocapacitor with Ultrahigh Mass Loading and Areal Energy Density for Fast Energy Storage at Low Temperature. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209963. [PMID: 36626913 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish ionic transport in thick electrodes and freezing electrolytes has limited electrochemical energy storage devices in lots of harsh environments for practical applications. Here, a 3D-printed proton pseudocapacitor based on high-mass-loading 3D-printed WO3 anodes, Prussian blue analog cathodes, and anti-freezing electrolytes is developed, which can achieve state-of-the-art electrochemical performance at low temperatures. Benefiting from the cross-scale 3D electrode structure using a 3D printing direct ink writing technique, the 3D-printed cathode realizes an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 7.39 F cm-2 at a high areal mass loading of 23.51 mg cm-2 . Moreover, the 3D-printed pseudocapacitor delivers an areal capacitance of 3.44 F cm-2 and excellent areal energy density (1.08 mWh cm-2 ). Owing to the fast ion kinetics in 3D electrodes and the high ionic conductivity of the hybrid electrolyte, the 3D-printed supercapacitor delivers 61.3% of the room-temperature capacitance even at -60 °C. This work provides an effective strategy for the practical applications of energy storage devices with complex physical structure at extreme temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaoran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Tiezhu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Di Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Tengyu Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Laifa Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ling S, Li X, Zhou T, Yuan R, Sun S, He H, Zhang C. Densifiable Ink Extrusion for Roll-To-Roll Fiber Lithium-Ion Batteries with Ultra-High Linear and Volumetric Energy Densities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211201. [PMID: 36683471 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conventional bulky and rigid planar architecting power systems are difficult to satisfy the growing demand for wearable applications. 1D fiber batteries bearing appealing features of miniaturization, adaptability, and weavability represent a promising solution, yet challenges remain pertaining to energy density and scalability. Herein, an ingenious densifiable functional ink is invented to fabricate scalable, flexible, and high-mass-loading fiber lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by adopting a fast ink-extrusion technology. In the formulated ink, pyrrole-modified reduced graphene oxide is elaborately introduced and exerts multiple influences; it not only assembles carbon nanotubes and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) to compose a sturdy, conductive, and agglomeration-free 3D network that realizes an ultra-high content (75 wt%) of the active materials and endows the electrode excellent flexibility but also serves as a capillary densification inducer, encouraging an extremely large linear mass loading (1.01 mg cm-1 per fiber) and packing density (782.1 mg cm-3 ). As a result, the assembled fiber LIBs deliver impressive linear and volumetric energy densities with superb mechanical compliance, demonstrating the best performance among all the reported extruded fiber batteries. This work highlights a highly effective and facile approach to fabricate high-performance fiber energy storage devices for future practical wearable applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangwen Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hanna He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qian S, Wang X, Yan W. Piezoelectric fibers for flexible and wearable electronics. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36944822 PMCID: PMC10030726 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable electronics represent paramount technologies offering revolutionized solutions for medical diagnosis and therapy, nerve and organ interfaces, fabric computation, robot-in-medicine and metaverse. Being ubiquitous in everyday life, piezoelectric materials and devices play a vital role in flexible and wearable electronics with their intriguing functionalities, including energy harvesting, sensing and actuation, personal health care and communications. As a new emerging flexible and wearable technology, fiber-shaped piezoelectric devices offer unique advantages over conventional thin-film counterparts. In this review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in thermally drawn piezoelectric fibers and fiber-enabled intelligent fabrics. We highlight the fiber materials, fiber architecture, fabrication, device integration as well as functions that deliver higher forms of unique applications across smart sensing, health care, space security, actuation and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will be important for the continued progress of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun F, Jiang H, Wang H, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Xing Y, Yu M, Feng LW, Tang Z, Liu J, Sun H, Wang H, Wang G, Zhu M. Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4693-4763. [PMID: 36753731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibers, originating from nature and mastered by human, have woven their way throughout the entire history of human civilization. Recent developments in semiconducting polymer materials have further endowed fibers and textiles with various electronic functions, which are attractive in applications such as information interfacing, personalized medicine, and clean energy. Owing to their ability to be easily integrated into daily life, soft fiber electronics based on semiconducting polymers have gained popularity recently for wearable and implantable applications. Herein, we present a review of the previous and current progress in semiconducting polymer-based fiber electronics, particularly focusing on smart-wearable and implantable areas. First, we provide a brief overview of semiconducting polymers from the viewpoint of materials based on the basic concepts and functionality requirements of different devices. Then we analyze the existing applications and associated devices such as information interfaces, healthcare and medicine, and energy conversion and storage. The working principle and performance of semiconducting polymer-based fiber devices are summarized. Furthermore, we focus on the fabrication techniques of fiber devices. Based on the continuous fabrication of one-dimensional fiber and yarn, we introduce two- and three-dimensional fabric fabricating methods. Finally, we review challenges and relevant perspectives and potential solutions to address the related problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yueheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yiman Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Muhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects and Electro-Optical Engineering, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Hengda Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hasan MM, Sadeque MSB, Albasar I, Pecenek H, Dokan FK, Onses MS, Ordu M. Scalable Fabrication of MXene-PVDF Nanocomposite Triboelectric Fibers via Thermal Drawing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206107. [PMID: 36464631 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the data-driven world, textile is a valuable resource for improving the quality of life through continuous monitoring of daily activities and physiological signals of humans. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are an attractive option for self-powered sensor development by coupling energy harvesting and sensing ability. In this study, to the best of the knowledge, scalable fabrication of Ti3 C2 Tx MXene-embedded polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite fiber using a thermal drawing process is presented for the first time. The output open circuit voltage and short circuit current show 53% and 58% improvement, respectively, compared to pristine PVDF fiber. The synergistic interaction between the surface termination groups of MXene and polar PVDF polymer enhances the performance of the fiber. The flexibility of the fiber enables the weaving of fabric TENG devices for large-area applications. The fabric TENG (3 × 2 cm2 ) demonstrates a power density of 40.8 mW m-2 at the matching load of 8 MΩ by maintaining a stable performance over 12 000 cycles. Moreover, the fabric TENG has shown the capability of energy harvesting by operating a digital clock and a calculator. A distributed self-powered sensor for human activities and walking pattern monitoring are demonstrated with the fabric.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehdi Hasan
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Md Sazid Bin Sadeque
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Ilgın Albasar
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Hilal Pecenek
- ERNAM - Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kilic Dokan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Mustafa Çıkrıkcıoglu Vocational School, Kayseri University, Kayseri, 38280, Turkey
| | - M Serdar Onses
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- ERNAM - Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ordu
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen C, Feng J, Li J, Guo Y, Shi X, Peng H. Functional Fiber Materials to Smart Fiber Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:613-662. [PMID: 35977344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of fiber materials has accompanied the evolution of human civilization for centuries. Recent advances in materials science and chemistry offered fibers new applications with various functions, including energy harvesting, energy storing, displaying, health monitoring and treating, and computing. The unique one-dimensional shape of fiber devices endows them advantages to work as human-interfaced electronics due to the small size, lightweight, flexibility, and feasibility for integration into large-scale textile systems. In this review, we first present a discussion of the basics of fiber materials and the design principles of fiber devices, followed by a comprehensive analysis on recently developed fiber devices. Finally, we provide the current challenges facing this field and give an outlook on future research directions. With novel fiber devices and new applications continuing to be discovered after two decades of research, we envision that new fiber devices could have an important impact on our life in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanrui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jianyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Choi JH, Kim J, Noh JH, Lee G, Yoon C, Kim UC, Jang IH, Kim HY, Choi C. High-Performance Biscrolled Ni-Fe Yarn Battery with Outer Buffer Layer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021067. [PMID: 36674583 PMCID: PMC9864127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for portable and wearable electronics has promoted the development of safe and flexible yarn-based batteries with outstanding electrochemical properties. However, achieving superior energy storage performance with a high active material (AM) load and long cycle life with this device format remains a challenge. In this study, a stable and rechargeable high-performance aqueous Ni-Fe yarn battery was constructed via biscrolling to embed AMs within helical carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn corridors. Owing to the high load of charge storage nanoparticles (NPs; above 97 wt%) and the outer neat CNT layer, the buffered biscrolled Ni-Fe yarn battery demonstrates excellent linear capacity (0.053 mAh/cm) and cycling stability (60.1% retention after 300 charge/discharge cycles) in an aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, our flexible yarn battery exhibits maximum energy/power densities of 422 mWh/cm3 and 7535 mW/cm3 based on the total volume of the cathode and anode, respectively, which exceed those reported for many flexible Ni-Fe batteries. Thus, biscrolled Ni-Fe yarn batteries are promising candidates for next-generation conformal energy solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyeong Choi
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwan Kim
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Noh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Battery Convergence Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuyoung Lee
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Yoon
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ui Chan Kim
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyeok Jang
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Yong Kim
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoon Choi
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
- Research Center, Sillo Incorporation, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nie M, Li B, Hsieh YL, Fu KK, Zhou J. Stretchable One-Dimensional Conductors for Wearable Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:19810-19839. [PMID: 36475644 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Continuous, one-dimensional (1D) stretchable conductors have attracted significant attention for the development of wearables and soft-matter electronics. Through the use of advanced spinning, printing, and textile technologies, 1D stretchable conductors in the forms of fibers, wires, and yarns can be designed and engineered to meet the demanding requirements for different wearable applications. Several crucial parameters, such as microarchitecture, conductivity, stretchability, and scalability, play essential roles in designing and developing wearable devices and intelligent textiles. Methodologies and fabrication processes have successfully realized 1D conductors that are highly conductive, strong, lightweight, stretchable, and conformable and can be readily integrated with common fabrics and soft matter. This review summarizes the latest advances in continuous, 1D stretchable conductors and emphasizes recent developments in materials, methodologies, fabrication processes, and strategies geared toward applications in electrical interconnects, mechanical sensors, actuators, and heaters. This review classifies 1D conductors into three categories on the basis of their electrical responses: (1) rigid 1D conductors, (2) piezoresistive 1D conductors, and (3) resistance-stable 1D conductors. This review also evaluates the present challenges in these areas and presents perspectives for improving the performance of stretchable 1D conductors for wearable textile and flexible electronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Nie
- School of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong510275, China
| | - Boxiao Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong510275, China
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California at Davis, California95616, United States
| | - Kun Kelvin Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware19716, United States
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chang P, Mei H, Zhao Y, Pan L, Zhang M, Wang X, Cheng L, Zhang L. Nature-Inspired 3D Spiral Grass Structured Graphene Quantum Dots/MXene Nanohybrids with Exceptional Photothermal-Driven Pseudo-Capacitance Improvement. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204086. [PMID: 36026560 PMCID: PMC9596846 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Solar-thermal conversion is considered as a green and simple means to improve the performance of energy storage materials, but often limited by the intrinsic photothermal properties of materials and crude structure design. Herein, inspired by the unique light trapping effect of wide leaf spiral grass during photosynthesis, a biomimetic structural photothermal energy storage system is developed, to further promote the solar thermal-driven pseudo capacitance improvement. In this system, three-dimensional printed tortional Kelvin cell arrays structure with interesting light trapping property functions as "spiral leaf blades" to improve the efficiency of light absorption, while graphene quantum dots/MXene nanohybrids with wide photothermal response range and strong electrochemical activity serve as "chloroplast" for photothermal conversion and energy storage. As expected, the biomimetic structure-enhanced photothermal supercapacitor achieves an ideal solar thermal-driven pseudo capacitance enhancement (up to 304%), an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 10.47 F cm-2 , remarkable photothermal response (surface temperature change of 50.1 °C), excellent energy density (1.18 mWh cm-2 ) and cycling stability (10000 cycles). This work not only offers a novel enhancement strategy for photothermal applications, but also inspires new structure designs for multifunctional energy storage and conversion devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Hui Mei
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Longkai Pan
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Minggang Zhang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Litong Zhang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qian S, Liu M, Dou Y, Fink Y, Yan W. A 'Moore's law' for fibers enables intelligent fabrics. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac202. [PMID: 36684517 PMCID: PMC9843301 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabrics are an indispensable part of our everyday life. They provide us with protection, offer privacy and form an intimate expression of ourselves through their esthetics. Imparting functionality at the fiber level represents an intriguing path toward innovative fabrics with a hitherto unparalleled functionality and value. The fiber technology based on thermal drawing of a preform, which is identical in its materials and geometry to the final fiber, has emerged as a powerful platform for the production of exquisite fibers with prerequisite composition, geometric complexity and control over feature size. A 'Moore's law' for fibers is emerging, delivering higher forms of function that are important for a broad spectrum of practical applications in healthcare, sports, robotics, space exploration, etc. In this review, we survey progress in thermally drawn fibers and devices, and discuss their relevance to 'smart' fabrics. A new generation of fabrics that can see, hear and speak, sense, communicate, harvest and store energy, as well as store and process data is anticipated. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities currently faced by thermally drawn fibers and fabrics that are expected to become sophisticated platforms delivering value-added services for our society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuhai Dou
- Institute for Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xia Z, Li S, Wu G, Shao Y, Yang D, Luo J, Jiao Z, Sun J, Shao Y. Manipulating Hierarchical Orientation of Wet-Spun Hybrid Fibers via Rheological Engineering for Zn-Ion Fiber Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203905. [PMID: 35765207 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wet-spinning is a promising strategy to fabricate fiber electrodes for real commercial fiber battery applications, according to its great compatibility with large-scale fiber production. However, engineering the rheological properties of the electrochemical active materials to accommodate the viscoelasticity or liquid crystalline requirements for continuous wet-spinning remains a daunting challenge. Here, with entropy-driven volume-exclusion effects, the rheological behavior of vanadium pentoxide (V2 O5 ) nanowire dispersions is regulated through introducing 2D graphene oxide (GO) flakes in an optimal ratio. By optimizing the viscoelasticity and liquid-crystalline behavior of the spinning dope, the wet-spun hybrid fibers display controlled hierarchical orientation. The wet-spun V2 O5 /rGO hybrid fiber with the optimal 10:1 mass fraction (V2 O5 /rGO10:1 ) exhibits a highly oriented nanoblock arrangement, enabling efficient Zn-ion migration and an excellent Zn-ion storage capacity of 486.03 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 . A half-meter long quasi-solid-state fiber Zn-ion battery is assembled with a polyacrylamide gel electrolyte and biocompatible Ecoflex encapsulation. The thus-derived fiber Zn-ion battery is integrated into a wearable self-powered system, incorporating a highly efficient GaAs solar cell, which delivers a record-high overall efficiency (9.80%) for flexible solar charging systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xia
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Guiqing Wu
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Dongzi Yang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Luo
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Jiao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lan X, Tang T, Xie H, Hasan SW, Liang L, Tian ZQ, Shen PK. Robust, Conductive, and High Loading Fiber-Shaped Electrodes Fabricated by 3D Active Coating for Flexible Energy Storage Devices. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5795-5802. [PMID: 35820175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible power sources are critical to achieve the wide adoption of portable and wearable electronics. Herein, a facile and general strategy of fabricating a fibrous electrode was developed by 3D active coating technology, in which a stepping syringe with electrode paste was synchronously injected onto a rotating conductive wire, distinguished from the conventional direct-write 3D printing without a current collector. A series of such electrodes with different coating weight can be fabricated accurately and efficiently by adjusting critical process parameters following a set of derived equations. The demonstrated fibrous Zn-MnO2 battery with a high commercial ε-MnO2 loading of 14.9 mg cm-2 onto a stainless steel wire shows a reasonable energy density of 108 mWh cm-3, while the fiber-shaped supercapacitor with commercial porous graphene exhibits a high capacitance of 142.9 F g-1 and good durability for bending 10,000 cycles. This work constructs a bridge between materials and fiber-shaped electrodes for flexible energy storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingxian Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning 530004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Taijin Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning 530004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Huarui Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning 530004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Syed Waqar Hasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Lizhe Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhi Qun Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning 530004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pei Kang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning 530004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y. Conductive Materials with Elaborate Micro/Nanostructures for Bioelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110024. [PMID: 35081264 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics, an emerging field with the mutual penetration of biological systems and electronic sciences, allows the quantitative analysis of complicated biosignals together with the dynamic regulation of fateful biological functions. In this area, the development of conductive materials with elaborate micro/nanostructures has been of great significance to the improvement of high-performance bioelectronic devices. Thus, here, a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of relevant research studies on the fabrication and properties of conductive materials with micro/nanostructures and their promising applications and future opportunities in bioelectronic applications is presented. In addition, a critical analysis of the current opportunities and challenges regarding the future developments of conductive materials with elaborate micro/nanostructures for bioelectronic applications is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen L, Wang F, Tian Z, Guo H, Cai C, Wu Q, Du H, Liu K, Hao Z, He S, Duan G, Jiang S. Wood-Derived High-Mass-Loading MnO 2 Composite Carbon Electrode Enabling High Energy Density and High-Rate Supercapacitor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201307. [PMID: 35587178 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The simple design of a high-energy-density device with high-mass-loading electrode has attracted much attention but is challenging. Manganese oxide (MnO2 ) with its low cost and excellent electrochemical performance shows high potential for practical application in this regard. Hence, the high-mass-loading of the MnO2 electrode with wood-derived carbon (WC) as the current collector is reported through a convenient hydrothermal reaction for high-energy-density devices. Benefiting from the high-mass-loading of the MnO2 electrode (WC@MnO2 -20, ≈14.1 mg cm-2 ) and abundant active sites on the surface of the WC hierarchically porous structure, the WC@MnO2 -20 electrode shows remarkable high-rate performance of areal/specific capacitance ≈1.56 F cm-2 /45 F g-1 , compared to the WC electrode even at the high density of 20 mA cm-2 . Furthermore, the obtained symmetric supercapacitor exhibits high areal/specific capacitances of 3.62 F cm-2 and 87 F g-1 at 1.0 mA cm-2 and high energy densities of 0.502 mWh cm-2 /12.2 Wh kg-1 with capacitance retention of 75.2% after 10 000 long-term cycles at 20 mA cm-2 . This result sheds light on a feasible design strategy for high-energy-density supercapacitors with the appropriate mass loading of active materials and low-tortuosity structural design while also encouraging further investigation into electrochemical storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Tian
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Guo
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Cai
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Du
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Kunming Liu
- School of Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341099, P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Hao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, P. R. China
| | - Shuijian He
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Marion JS, Gupta N, Cheung H, Monir K, Anikeeva P, Fink Y. Thermally Drawn Highly Conductive Fibers with Controlled Elasticity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201081. [PMID: 35278246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic fabrics necessitate both electrical conductivity and, like any textile, elastic recovery. Achieving both requirements on the scale of a single fiber remains an unmet need. Here, two approaches for achieving conductive fibers (107 S m-1 ) reaching 50% elongation while maintaining minimal change in resistance (<0.5%) in embedded metallic electrodes are introduced. The first approach involves inducing a buckling instability in a metal microwire within a cavity of a thermally drawn elastomer fiber. The second approach relies on twisting an elastomer fiber to yield helical metal electrodes embedded in a stretchable yarn. The scalability of both approaches is illustrated in apparatuses for continuous buckling and twisting that yield tens of meters of elastic conducting fibers. Through experimental and analytical methods, it is elucidated how geometric parameters, such as buckling pre-strain and helical angle, as well as materials choice, control not only the fiber's elasticity but also its Young's modulus. Links between mechanical and electrical properties are exposed. The resulting fibers are used to construct elastic fabrics that contain diodes, by weaving and knitting, thus demonstrating the scalable fabrication of conformable and stretchable antennas that support optical data transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette S Marion
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Henry Cheung
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kirmina Monir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Single fibre enables acoustic fabrics via nanometre-scale vibrations. Nature 2022; 603:616-623. [PMID: 35296860 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fabrics, by virtue of their composition and structure, have traditionally been used as acoustic absorbers1,2. Here, inspired by the auditory system3, we introduce a fabric that operates as a sensitive audible microphone while retaining the traditional qualities of fabrics, such as machine washability and draping. The fabric medium is composed of high-Young's modulus textile yarns in the weft of a cotton warp, converting tenuous 10-7-atmosphere pressure waves at audible frequencies into lower-order mechanical vibration modes. Woven into the fabric is a thermally drawn composite piezoelectric fibre that conforms to the fabric and converts the mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. Key to the fibre sensitivity is an elastomeric cladding that concentrates the mechanical stress in a piezocomposite layer with a high piezoelectric charge coefficient of approximately 46 picocoulombs per newton, a result of the thermal drawing process. Concurrent measurements of electric output and spatial vibration patterns in response to audible acoustic excitation reveal that fabric vibrational modes with nanometre amplitude displacement are the source of the electrical output of the fibre. With the fibre subsuming less than 0.1% of the fabric by volume, a single fibre draw enables tens of square metres of fabric microphone. Three different applications exemplify the usefulness of this study: a woven shirt with dual acoustic fibres measures the precise direction of an acoustic impulse, bidirectional communications are established between two fabrics working as sound emitters and receivers, and a shirt auscultates cardiac sound signals.
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang C, Wu X, Xia H, Zhou J, Wu Y, Yang R, Zhou G, Qiu L. 3D Printed Template-Assisted Assembly of Additive-Free Ti 3C 2T x MXene Microlattices with Customized Structures toward High Areal Capacitance. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2699-2710. [PMID: 35084815 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXene is a promising material for electrodes in microsupercapacitors. Recent efforts have been made to fabricate MXene electrodes with designed structures using 3D printing to promote electrolyte permeation and ion diffusion. However, challenges remain in structural design diversity due to the strict ink rheology requirement and limited structure choices caused by existing extrusion-based 3D printing. Herein, additive-free 3D architected MXene aerogels are fabricated via a 3D printed template-assisted method that combines 3D printed hollow template and cation-induced gelation process. This method allows the use of MXene ink with a wide range of concentrations (5 to 150 mg mL-1) to produce MXene aerogels with high structural freedom, fine feature size (>50 μm), and controllable density (3 to 140 mg cm-3). Through structure optimization, the 3D MXene aerogel shows high areal capacitance of 7.5 F cm-2 at 0.5 mA cm-2 with a high mass loading of 54.1 mg cm-2. It also exhibits an ultrahigh areal energy density of 0.38 mWh cm-2 at a power density of 0.66 mW cm-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Dali Town, Nanhai District, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Heyi Xia
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingzhuo Zhou
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu W, Jambhulkar S, Ravichandran D, Zhu Y, Lanke S, Bawareth M, Song K. A mini‐review of microstructural control during composite fiber spinning. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiheng Xu
- Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| | - Sayli Jambhulkar
- Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| | - Dharneedar Ravichandran
- Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| | - Shantanu Lanke
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA
| | - Mohammed Bawareth
- Mechanical Engineering System, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| | - Kenan Song
- Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering Arizona State University Mesa AZ USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hong JW, Yoon C, Jo K, Won JH, Park S. Recent advances in recording and modulation technologies for next-generation neural interfaces. iScience 2021; 24:103550. [PMID: 34917907 PMCID: PMC8666678 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with the advancement in neural engineering techniques, unprecedented progress in the development of neural interfaces has been made over the past few decades. However, despite these achievements, there is still room for further improvements especially toward the possibility of monitoring and modulating neural activities with high resolution and specificity in our daily lives. In an effort of taking a step toward the next-generation neural interfaces, we want to highlight the recent progress in neural technologies. We will cover a wide scope of such developments ranging from novel platforms for highly specific recording and modulation to system integration for practical applications of novel interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Hong
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Chanwoong Yoon
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kyunghyun Jo
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Joon Hee Won
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongjun Park
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu Y, Zhang H, Liu H, Nie Z, Xu F, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Huang W. Electrolyte Dynamics Engineering for Flexible Fiber-Shaped Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery with Ultralong Stability. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9651-9660. [PMID: 34767374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as promising energy storage devices for wearable electronics due to their cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and high theoretical energy density. Herein, a flexible fiber-shaped aqueous ZIB is demonstrated by using a self-assembled Co3O4 nanosheet array on a carbon nanotube fiber as the cathode and Zn nanosheets deposited on a carbon nanotube fiber as the anode. The cycle life span of the fiber-shaped battery is largely enhanced by a simple electrolyte dynamics engineering strategy of preadding a trace amount of Co2+ cations in the mild aqueous electrolyte. The assembled fiber-shaped ZIB shows a high specific capacity (158.70 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1), superior rate capacity, and excellent cycling life span (97.27% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles). Additionally, the fiber-shaped ZIB also shows superior flexibility, which can charge a smart watch under deformed states. This work provides new opportunities for the development of flexible, safe, and high-performance energy storage devices for wearable electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Zhentao Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jixin Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chang P, Mei H, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Wang X, Cheng L, Zhang L. 3D Printed Electrochromic Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Mechanical Strength and Energy Density. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102639. [PMID: 34510732 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the accelerating update of advanced electronic gadgets, a great deal of attention is being paid today to the function integration and intelligent design of electronic devices. Herein, a novel kind of multitasking 3D oxygen-deficient WO3- x ∙ 2H2 O/Ag/ceramic microscaffolds, possessing simultaneous giant energy density, ultrahigh mechanical strength, and reversible electrochromic performance is proposed, and fabricated by a 3D printing technique. The ceramic microscaffolds ensure outstanding mechanical strength and stability, the topology optimized porous lattice structure provides developed surface area for coloration as well as abundant easily accessible channels for rapid ion transportation, and the bifunctional oxygen-defective pseudomaterials enable the large areal capacity and impressive electrochromic performance. As a result, this 3D-printed multitasking microscaffolds simultaneously perform structure-designable, electrochromic, compression resistant, and energy storage functions, behaving with true 3D structure with tailorable curvatures, excellent compressive strength (61.9 MPa), large color variations (>145% in b* value), good aesthetic visual quality as well as exciting electrochemical performances for energy storage including ultrahigh areal capacitance (10.05 F cm-2 at 5 mA cm-2 ), record-high energy density (0.60 mWh cm-2 ), and superior long-term cycling stability (88.6% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles). This work opens up the possibility for high-performance multi-functional coupling structural materials and integrated systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hui Mei
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Minggang Zhang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Litong Zhang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bao Y, Lyu J, Liu Z, Ding Y, Zhang X. Bending Stiffness-Directed Fabricating of Kevlar Aerogel-Confined Organic Phase-Change Fibers. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15180-15190. [PMID: 34423639 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Smart and functional fibers have demonstrated great potentials in a wide range of applications including wearable devices and other high-tech fields, but design and fabrication of smart fibers with manageable structures as well as versatile functions are still a great challenge. Herein, an ingenious bending-stiffness-directed strategy is developed to fabricate smart phase-change fibers with different bending stiffnesses for diverse applications. Specifically, the hydrophobic Kevlar aerogel-confined paraffin wax fibers (PW@H-KAF) are fabricated by employing hydrophobic Kevlar aerogel fibers (H-KAFs) as the porous host and paraffin as the functional guest, where the H-KAF is obtained by applying a two-step process to functionalize Kevlar nanofibers (KNFs) with a special coagulation bath containing a mixture of ethanol and n-bromobutane. The prepared PW@H-KAFs exhibit high latent heat (135.1-172 J/g), outstanding thermal cyclic stability and satisfactory mechanical properties (30 MPa in tensile strength and 30% in tensile strain). In addition, the PW@H-KAFs with bending stiffness was lower than the critical one (1.22 × 10-9 N·m2) even in a solid state of paraffin wax exhibits high flexibility, washable performance, and high thermal management capability, showing great potential for smart temperature-regulating fabrics. PW@H-KAFs with a bending stiffness higher than the critical one at a solid state of paraffin wax can be utilized as shape memory materials, attributed to the transition between rigidity and flexibility caused by the phase transition. As a proof of concept, a dynamic gripper is designed based on the PW@H-KAF (400 μm in diameter) for transporting items by gripping in the rigid state and releasing in the flexible state. This work realizes versatile applications with the PW@H-KAFs through the bending stiffness-directed method, providing ideas for the application of phase-change composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Bao
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zengwei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang L, Zhang M, Yang B, Tan J. Lightweight, Robust, Conductive Composite Fibers Based on MXene@Aramid Nanofibers as Sensors for Smart Fabrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41933-41945. [PMID: 34449195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing one-dimensional fiber-based sensors to meet the requirement of spinnability, portability, flexibility, and easeful conformability in smart wearable devices has attracted increasing interest. Here, we report highly conductive MXene@aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with a distinct skin-core structure by the wet spinning method. MXene, an emerging 2D conductive material, is applied to build internal conductive paths. ANF frameworks function as protective and skeleton structures to reduce the fiber oxidation probability and achieve superior strength. The obtained MXene@ANF fiber with superior conductivity (2515 S m-1) and tensile strength (130 MPa) works as a promising sensor for smart fabrics to detect different human movements with abundant detection motions, fast response time (100 ms), and long service life (up to 1000 cycles). Benefiting from its high flexibility, it can be sewn into textile and gloves as a smart wearable device. Besides superior thermal stability, it shows promising electrothermal properties with wide heating temperature (25-123 °C) and fast heating temperature (10 s). Therefore, the MXene@ANF fiber with the skin-core structure shows great potential as a promising sensor to be applied in electric heating and smart wearable fabrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Meiyun Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiaojun Tan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Immanuel S, Ahmad Dar M, Sivasubramanian R, Rezaul Karim M, Kim DW, Gul R. Progress and Prospects on the Fabrication of Graphene-Based Nanostructures for Energy Storage, Energy Conversion and Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1365-1381. [PMID: 33899344 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) layered material has attracted much attention from the scientific community due to its exceptional electrical, thermal, mechanical, biological and optical properties. Hence, numerous applications utilizing graphene-based materials could be conceived in next-generation electronics, chemical and biological sensing, energy conversion and storage, and beyond. The interaction between graphene surfaces with other materials plays a vital role in influencing its properties than other bulk materials. In this review, we outline the recent progress in the production of graphene and related 2D materials, and their uses in energy conversion (solar cells, fuel cells), energy storage (batteries, supercapacitors) and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Immanuel
- Electrochemical sensors and energy materials laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, 641004, India
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Dar
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Sivasubramanian
- Electrochemical sensors and energy materials laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, 641004, India
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Karim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.,K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Rukshana Gul
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Wearable electronics have been receiving increasing attention for the past few decades. Particularly, fiber-based electronics are considered to be ideal for many applications for their flexibility, lightweight, breathability, and comfortability. Furthermore, fibers and fiber-based textiles can be 3D-molded with ease and potentially integrated with everyday clothes or accessories. These properties are especially desired in the fields of bio-related sensors and energy-storage systems. Wearable sensors utilize a tight interface with human skin and clothes for continuous environmental scanning and non-invasive health monitoring. At the same time, their flexible and lightweight properties allow more convenient and user-friendly experiences to the wearers. Similarly, for the wearable devices to be more accessible, it is crucial to incorporate energy harvesting and storage systems into the device themselves, removing the need to attach an external power source. This review summarizes the recent applications of fibers and fiber-based textiles in mechanical, photonic, and biomedical sensors. Pressure and strain sensors and their implementation as electronic skins will be explored, along with other various fiber sensors capable of imaging objects or monitoring safety and health markers. In addition, we attempt to elucidate recent studies in energy-storing fibers and their implication in self-powered and fully wireless wearable devices.
Collapse
|