1
|
Huang G, Liao Y, Liu H, Jin X, Guan M, Yu F, Dai B, Li Y. Electrolyte Engineering via Fluorinated Siloxane Solvent for Achieving High-Performance Lithium-Metal Batteries. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15802-15814. [PMID: 38887100 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Advanced solvent is of important significance to develop an excellent electrolyte that simultaneously maintains a high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, and good compatibility with electrodes for high-performance lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). To realize a stable electrode/electrolyte interface and a uniform lithium (Li) deposition process, an optimal fluorinated siloxane (3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, TFTMS) is proposed as a cosolvent with 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) and highly antioxidative fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) to formulate a Li-metal compatibility electrolyte. The TFTMS-based electrolyte presents high oxidization stability, high Li+ conductivity, and high Li+ transfer number, contributing to the accelerated reaction kinetics, homogeneous Li deposition behavior, and stable interfacial chemistry. Therefore, high Li stripping/plating reversibility (∼99%) and stable cycling (1400 h) are achieved in the TFTMS-based electrolyte, giving rise to the excellent electrochemical performance of practical Li-metal full cells. Moreover, an industrial 4 Ah NCM811|Gr pouch cell with the TFTMS-based electrolyte is demonstrated to display similar cycling performance with the commercial carbonate electrolyte in 120 cycles at 1 C. This work offers an approach toward high-performance LMBs through rational electrolyte design with fluorinated siloxane solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxu Huang
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yaqi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Honghao Liu
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaopan Jin
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengjia Guan
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee J, Kim S, Cho Y, Kweon SH, Kang H, Byun JH, Kwon E, Seo S, Kim W, Ryu KH, Kwak SK, Hong S, Choi N. Compositionally Sequenced Interfacial Layers for High-Energy Li-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310094. [PMID: 38408139 PMCID: PMC11077642 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Electrolyte additives with multiple functions enable the interfacial engineering of Li-metal batteries (LMBs). Owing to their unique reduction behavior, additives exhibit a high potential for electrode surface modification that increases the reversibility of Li-metal anodes by enabling the development of a hierarchical solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). This study confirms that an adequately designed SEI facilitates the homogeneous supply of Li+, nonlocalized Li deposition, and low electrolyte degradation in LMBs while enduring the volume fluctuation of Li-metal anodes on cycling. An in-depth analysis of interfacial engineering mechanisms reveals that multilayered SEI structures comprising mechanically robust LiF-rich species, electron-rich P-O species, and elastic polymeric species enabled the stable charge and discharge of LMBs. The polymeric outer SEI layer in the as-fabricated multilayered SEI could accommodate the volume fluctuation of Li-metal anodes, significantly enhancing the cycling stability Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells with an electrolyte amount of 3.6 g Ah-1 and an areal capacity of 3.2 mAh cm-2. Therefore, this study confirms the ability of interfacial layers formed by electrolyte additives and fluorinated solvents to advance the performance of LMBs and can open new frontiers in the fabrication of high-performance LMBs through electrolyte-formulation engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong‐A Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Saehun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhan Cho
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Kweon
- School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)50 UNIST‐gilUlsan44919Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Byun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kwon
- CTO Advanced Battery DevelopmentHyundai motor company37 Cheoldobangmulgwan‐roUiwang‐siGyeonggi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Samuel Seo
- CTO Advanced Battery DevelopmentHyundai motor company37 Cheoldobangmulgwan‐roUiwang‐siGyeonggi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkeun Kim
- CTO Advanced Battery DevelopmentHyundai motor company37 Cheoldobangmulgwan‐roUiwang‐siGyeonggi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Han Ryu
- CTO Advanced Battery DevelopmentHyundai motor company37 Cheoldobangmulgwan‐roUiwang‐siGyeonggi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‐ro, Seongbuk‐guSeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbum Hong
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Nam‐Soon Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Fu Y, Guo J. Development of Electrolytes under Lean Condition in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401263. [PMID: 38678376 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries stand out as one of the promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage technologies. A key requirement to realize high-specific-energy Li-S batteries is to implement low amount of electrolyte, often characterized by the electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio. Low E/S ratio aggravates the known challenges for Li-S batteries and introduces new ones originated from the high concentration of polysulfides in limited electrolyte reservoir. In this review, the connections between the fundamental properties of electrolytes and the electrochemical/chemical reactions in Li-S batteries under lean electrolyte condition are elucidated. The emphasis is on how the solvating properties of the electrolyte affect the fate of polysulfides. Built upon the mechanistic analysis, different strategies to design lean electrolytes to improve the overall process of Li-S reactions and Li anode protection are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yuqing Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Juchen Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng J, Liu T, Li H, Hu YS, Mao H, Suo L. Ultralight Electrolyte with Protective Encapsulation Solvation Structure Enables Hybrid Sulfur-Based Primary Batteries Exceeding 660 Wh/kg. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3755-3763. [PMID: 38308639 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical couple of lithium and sulfur possesses the highest theoretical energy density (>2600 Wh/kg) at the material level. However, disappointingly, it is out of place in primary batteries due to its low accessible energy density at the cell level (≤500 Wh/kg) and poor storage performance. Herein, a low-density methyl tert-butyl ether was tailored for an ultralight electrolyte (0.837 g/mL) with a protective encapsulation solvation structure which reduced electrolyte weight (23.1%), increased the utilization of capacity (38.1%), and simultaneously forfended self-discharge. Furthermore, active fluorinated graphite partially replaced inactive carbon to construct a hybrid sulfur-based cathode to bring the potential energy density into full play. Our demonstrated pouch cell achieved an incredible energy density of 661 Wh/kg with a negligible self-discharge rate based on the above innovations. Our work is anticipated to provide a new direction to realize the practicality of lithium-sulfur primary batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huican Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Energy Storage Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liumin Suo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Cui X, Liu Y, Xia Y. Perspective on Iron-Based Phosphate Cathode for Commercial Sodium-Ion Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302972. [PMID: 37423971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Sodium (Na)-ion batteries (SIBs) have been considered as a potential device for large-scale energy storage. To date, some start-up companies have released their first-generation SIBs cathode materials. Among them, phosphate compounds, particularly iron (Fe)-based mixed phosphate compounds, present great potential for commercial SIBs owing to its low cost, environment friendly. In this perspective, a brief historical retrospect is first introduce to the development of Fe-based mixed phosphate cathodes in SIBs. Then, the recent development about this kind of cathode has been summarized. One of the iron-based phosphate materials, Na3 Fe2 (PO4 )P2 O7 , is used as an example to roughly calculate the energy density and estimate the cost at the cell level to highlight their advantages. Finally, some strategies are put up to further increase the energy density of SIBs. This timely perspective aims to educate the community on the critical benefits of the Fe-based mixed phosphate cathode and provide an up-to-date overview of this emerging field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Z, Hou LP, Yao N, Li XY, Chen ZX, Chen X, Zhang XQ, Li BQ, Zhang Q. Correlating Polysulfide Solvation Structure with Electrode Kinetics towards Long-Cycling Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309968. [PMID: 37664907 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising due to ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, their cycling lifespan is crucially affected by the electrode kinetics of lithium polysulfides. Herein, the polysulfide solvation structure is correlated with polysulfide electrode kinetics towards long-cycling Li-S batteries. The solvation structure derived from strong solvating power electrolyte induces fast anode kinetics and rapid anode failure, while that derived from weak solvating power electrolyte causes sluggish cathode kinetics and rapid capacity loss. By contrast, the solvation structure derived from medium solvating power electrolyte balances cathode and anode kinetics and improves the cycling performance of Li-S batteries. Li-S coin cells with ultra-thin Li anodes and high-S-loading cathodes deliver 146 cycles and a 338 Wh kg-1 pouch cell undergoes stable 30 cycles. This work clarifies the relationship between polysulfide solvation structure and electrode kinetics and inspires rational electrolyte design for long-cycling Li-S batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Nan Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xian Chen
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Atwi R, Rajput NN. Guiding maps of solvents for lithium-sulfur batteries via a computational data-driven approach. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100799. [PMID: 37720329 PMCID: PMC10499867 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Practical realization of lithium-sulfur batteries requires designing optimal electrolytes with controlled dissolution of polysulfides, high ionic conductivity, and low viscosity. Computational chemistry techniques enable tuning atomistic interactions to discover electrolytes with targeted properties. Here, we introduce ComBat (Computational Database for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries), a public database of ∼2,000 quantum-chemical and molecular dynamics properties for lithium-sulfur electrolytes composed of solvents spanning 16 chemical classes. We discuss the microscopic origins of polysulfide clustering and the diffusion mechanism of electrolyte components. Our findings reveal that polysulfide solubility cannot be determined by a single solvent property like dielectric constant. Rather, observed trends result from the synergistic effect of multiple factors, including solvent C/O ratio, fluorination degree, and steric hindrance effects. We propose binding energy as a proxy for Li+ dissociation, which is a property that impacts the ionic conductivity. The insights obtained in this work can serve as guiding maps to design optimal lithium-sulfur electrolyte compositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Atwi
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Nav Nidhi Rajput
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Attam A, Fan H, Zheng W, Liu W. Engineering of Siloxanes for Stabilizing Silicon Anode Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2303804. [PMID: 37632324 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is considered the most promising anode material for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical specific capacity and abundant reserves. However, the volume expansion of silicon in the cycling process causes the destruction of the electrode structure and irreversible capacity loss. As a result, the commercial application of silicon materials is greatly hindered. In recent years, siloxane-based organosilicon materials have been widely used in silicon anode of LIBs because of their unique structure and physical and chemical properties, and have shown excellent electrochemical properties. The comprehensive achievement of siloxanes in silicon-based LIBs can be understood better through a systematic summary, which is necessary to guide the design of electrodes and achieve better electrochemical performance. This paper systematically introduces the unique advantages of siloxane materials in electrode, surface/interface modification, binder, and electrolyte. The challenges and future directions for siloxane materials are presented to enhance their performance and expand their application in silicon-based LIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Abdulmajid Attam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hongguang Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Wansu Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuan S, Ding K, Zeng X, Bin D, Zhang Y, Dong P, Wang Y. Advanced Nonflammable Organic Electrolyte Promises Safer Li-Metal Batteries: From Solvation Structure Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206228. [PMID: 36004772 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Batteries with a Li-metal anode have recently attracted extensive attention from the battery communities owing to their high energy density. However, severe dendrite growth hinders their practical applications. More seriously, when Li dendrites pierce the separators and trigger short circuit in a highly flammable organic electrolyte, the results would be catastrophic. Although the issues of growth of Li dendrites have been almost addressed by various methods, the highly flammable nature of conventional organic liquid electrolytes is still a lingering fear facing high-energy-density Li-metal batteries given the possibility of thermal runaway of the high-voltage cathode. Recently, various kinds of nonflammable liquid- or solid-state electrolytes have shown great potential toward safer Li-metal batteries with minimal detrimental effect on the battery performance or even enhanced electrochemical performance. In this review, recent advances in developing nonflammable electrolyte for high-energy-density Li-metal batteries including high-concentration electrolyte, localized high-concentration electrolyte, fluorinated electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and polymer electrolyte are summarized. Then, the solvation structure of different kinds of nonflammable liquid and polymer electrolytes are analyzed to provide insight into the mechanism for dendrite suppression and fire extinguishing. Finally, guidelines for future design of nonflammable electrolyte for safer Li-metal batteries are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Yuan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Kai Ding
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zeng
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Duan Bin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheng H, Zhang S, Zhang B, Lu Y. n-Hexane Diluted Electrolyte with Ultralow Density enables Li-S Pouch Battery Toward >400 Wh kg -1. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206375. [PMID: 36549894 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are attractive candidates for next generation energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density of up to 2600 Wh kg-1 . However, the uneven deposition of lithium, the undesired shuttle of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), and the excess weight fraction of electrolyte severely impair the practical energy density of Li-S batteries. Here, a low concentrated and nonpolar n-hexane (NH)-diluted electrolyte (named as LCDE) with ultralow-density to alleviate the above dilemmas is proposed. The nonpolar NH boosts the diffusion of lithium ion in LCDE, favoring the homogeneous deposition of lithium. This nonpolar effect also reduces the solubilities of LiPSs, promoting a quasi-solid-state transformation of sulfur chemistry, thus tremendously eradicating the shuttle of LiPSs. Most importantly, the ultra-light NH diluent enables the LCDE with an ultralow density of only 0.79 g mL-1 , which reduces the weight of LCDE by 32.5% compared with conventional ether-based electrolyte. Owing to all the merits, the Li-S pouch cell achieves a high energy density up to 417 Wh kg-1 . The nonpolar NH-diluted electrolyte with multifunction presented in this work provides a new and feasible direction to increase the practical energy density of Li-S batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu GQ, Hou Q, Fan XX, Zheng QY, Chang JK, Fan JM, Yuan RM, Zheng MS, Dong QF. In Situ Constructing a Catalytic Shell for Sulfur Cathode via Electrochemical Oxidative Polymerization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54830-54839. [PMID: 36464840 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sluggish multiphase reaction kinetics and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) are two major challenges facing lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, which largely prevent them from becoming a reality. Herein, a shell with catalytic function for sulfur cathode is in situ constructed through an ingenious electrochemical oxidative polymerization strategy by introducing hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene (HFPN) as additives, which suppresses the shuttle effect and promotes efficient sulfur conversion. The shell with abundant heteroatoms effectively confines polysulfides to the cathode matrix by chemically interacting with them to eliminate capacity degradation. Moreover, the shell exhibits high catalytic activities, which turns Li2S(2) into an activated state and facilitates its dissociation. The functionalized shell substantially advances the performance of Li-S batteries, thanks to efficient lithium-ion transportation and abundant adsorption-catalytic sites. As a result, Li-S batteries demonstrate superb resistance to self-discharge, ultrastable cycle performance, and greatly enhanced rate capability. Impressively, the batteries show an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.034% throughout 700 cycles at 2C. They deliver a capacity of 517 mAh g-1 even at a 4C rate, exhibiting relieved electrochemical polarization and excellent sulfur utilization. This work provides an ingenious strategy to construct adsorption-catalytic nets for next-generation Li-S batteries with enhanced lifespan and electrochemical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Qing Hou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Fan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Qing-Yi Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Jeng-Kuei Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu30010, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Min Fan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Ru-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Ming-Sen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| | - Quan-Feng Dong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xie J, Sun SY, Chen X, Hou LP, Li BQ, Peng HJ, Huang JQ, Zhang XQ, Zhang Q. Fluorinating the Solid Electrolyte Interphase by Rational Molecular Design for Practical Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204776. [PMID: 35575049 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The lifespan of practical lithium (Li)-metal batteries is severely hindered by the instability of Li-metal anodes. Fluorinated solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) emerges as a promising strategy to improve the stability of Li-metal anodes. The rational design of fluorinated molecules is pivotal to construct fluorinated SEI. Herein, design principles of fluorinated molecules are proposed. Fluoroalkyl (-CF2 CF2 -) is selected as an enriched F reservoir and the defluorination of the C-F bond is driven by leaving groups on β-sites. An activated fluoroalkyl molecule (AFA), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorobutane-1,4-diol dinitrate is unprecedentedly proposed to render fast and complete defluorination and generate uniform fluorinated SEI on Li-metal anodes. In Li-sulfur (Li-S) batteries under practical conditions, the fluorinated SEI constructed by AFA undergoes 183 cycles, which is three times the SEI formed by LiNO3 . Furthermore, a Li-S pouch cell of 360 Wh kg-1 delivers 25 cycles with AFA. This work demonstrates rational molecular design principles of fluorinated molecules to construct fluorinated SEI for practical Li-metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jie Peng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xie J, Sun S, Chen X, Hou L, Li B, Peng H, Huang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Fluorinating the Solid Electrolyte Interphase by Rational Molecular Design for Practical Lithium‐Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Shu‐Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Bo‐Quan Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Jie Peng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Qiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo K, Qi S, Wang H, Huang J, Wu M, Yang Y, Li X, Ren Y, Ma J. High‐Voltage Electrolyte Chemistry for Lithium Batteries. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kanglong Guo
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China
- School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 Hunan China
| | - Shihan Qi
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China
| | - Huaping Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 Hunan China
| | - Junda Huang
- School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 Hunan China
| | - Mingguang Wu
- School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 Hunan China
| | - Yulu Yang
- School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 Hunan China
| | - Xiu Li
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China
| | - Yurong Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 Jiangsu China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen J, Li S, Qiao X, Wang Y, Lei L, Lyu Z, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Liu R, Liang Q, Ma Y. Integrated Porous Cu Host Induced High-Stable Bidirectional Li Plating/Stripping Behavior for Practical Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105999. [PMID: 34854560 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The double-sided electrodes with active materials are widely used for commercial lithium (Li) ion batteries with a higher energy density. Accordingly, developing an anode current collector that can accommodate the stable and homogeneous Li plating/stripping on both sides will be highly desired for practical Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, an integrated bidirectional porous Cu (IBP-Cu) film with a through-pore structure is fabricated as Li metal hosts using the powder sintering method. The resultant IBP-Cu current collector with tunable pore volume and size exhibits high mechanical flexibility and stability. The bidirectional and through-pore structure enables the IBP-Cu host to achieve homogeneous Li deposition and effectively suppresses the dendritic Li growth. Impressively, the as-fabricated Li/IBP-Cu anode exhibits a remarkable capacity of up to 7.0 mAh cm-2 for deep plating/stripping, outstanding rate performance, and ultralong cycling ability with high Coulombic efficiency of ≈100% for 1000 cycles. More practicably, a designed pouch cell coupled with one Li/IBP-Cu anode and two LiFePO4 cathodes exhibits a highly elevated energy density (≈187.5%) compared with a pouch cell with one anode and one cathode. Such design of a bidirectional porous Cu current collector with stable Li plating/stripping behaviors suggests its promising practical applications for next-generation Li metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linna Lei
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhiyang Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yanwen Ma
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|