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Kim Y, Lee CS, Son S, Shin KW, Byun KE, Shin HJ, Lee Z, Shin HJ. Spiral-Driven Vertical Conductivity in Nanocrystalline Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308176. [PMID: 37803430 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The structure of graphene grown in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is sensitive to the growth condition, particularly the substrate. The conventional growth of high-quality graphene via the Cu-catalyzed cracking of hydrocarbon species has been extensively studied; however, the direct growth on noncatalytic substrates, for practical applications of graphene such as current Si technologies, remains unexplored. In this study, nanocrystalline graphene (nc-G) spirals are produced on noncatalytic substrates by inductively coupled plasma CVD. The enhanced out-of-plane electrical conductivity is achieved by a spiral-driven continuous current pathway from bottom to top layer. Furthermore, some neighboring nc-G spirals exhibit a homogeneous electrical conductance, which is not common for stacked graphene structure. Klein-edge structure developed at the edge of nc-Gs, which can easily form covalent bonding, is thought to be responsible for the uniform conductance of nc-G aggregates. These results have important implications for practical applications of graphene with vertical conductivity realized through spiral structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 44919, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Lee
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 443-801, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 44919, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Wook Shin
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 443-801, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Byun
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 443-801, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Shin
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 443-801, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Zonghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 44919, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 44919, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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2
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Xue X, Liu M, Zhou X, Liu S, Wang L, Yu G. Controllable Synthesis and Growth Mechanism of Interlayer-Coupled Multilayer Graphene. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2634. [PMID: 37836275 PMCID: PMC10574119 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential applications of multilayer graphene in many fields, such as superconductivity and thermal conductivity, continue to emerge. However, there are still many problems in the growth mechanism of multilayer graphene. In this paper, a simple control strategy for the preparation of interlayer-coupled multilayer graphene on a liquid Cu substrate was developed. By adjusting the flow rate of a carrier gas in the CVD system, the effect for finely controlling the carbon source supply was achieved. Therefore, the carbon could diffuse from the edge of the single-layer graphene to underneath the layer of graphene and then interlayer-coupled multilayer graphene with different shapes were prepared. Through a variety of characterization methods, it was determined that the stacked mode of interlayer-coupled multilayer graphene conformed to AB-stacking structure. The small multilayer graphene domains stacked under single-layer graphene was first found, and the growth process and growth mechanism of interlayer-coupled multilayer graphene with winged and umbrella shapes were studied, respectively. This study reveals the growth mechanism of multilayer graphene grown by using a carbon source through edge diffusion, paving the way for the controllable preparation of multilayer graphene on a liquid Cu surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.X.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Mengya Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.X.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Xiahong Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.X.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.)
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.X.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.)
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.X.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.)
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Porsev VV, Evarestov RA. Current State of Computational Modeling of Nanohelicenes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2295. [PMID: 37630880 PMCID: PMC10458037 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This review considers the works that focus on various aspects of the theoretical description of nanohelicenes (other equivalent names are graphene spirals, graphene helicoid, helical graphene nanoribbon, or helical graphene)-a promising class of one-dimensional nanostructures. The intrinsic helical topology and continuous π-system lead to the manifestation of unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties that are also highly dependent on axial and torsion strains. In this paper, it was shown that the properties of nanohelicenes are mainly associated with the peripheral modification of the nanohelicene ribbon. We have proposed a nomenclature that enables the classification of all nanohelicenes as modifications of some prototype classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V. Porsev
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Robert A. Evarestov
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
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Wang X, Shang Q, Zhang F, Song J, Fu J, Zhao L, Hu J, Wang J, Quan W, Huan Y, Wu Q, Song T, Han J, Xiao W, Zhang Q, Zhang Y. Water-Assisted Growth of Twisted 3R-Stacked MoSe 2 Spirals and Its Dramatically Enhanced Second Harmonic Generations. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301828. [PMID: 37093169 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) responses are reported in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g., MX2 , M: Mo, W; X: S, Se) due to the broken symmetries. The 3R-like stacked MX2 spiral structures possessing the similar broken inversion symmetry should present dramatically enhanced SHG responses, thus providing great flexibility in designing miniaturized on-chip nonlinear optical devices. To achieve this, the first direct synthesis of twisted 3R-stacked chiral molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2 ) spiral structures with specific screw dislocations (SD) arms is reported, via designing a water-assisted chemical vapor transport (CVT) approach. The study also clarifies the formation mechanism of the MoSe2 spiral structures, by precisely regulating the precursor supply accompanying with multiscale characterizations. Significantly, an up to three orders of magnitude enhancement of the SHG responses in twisted 3R stacked MoSe2 spirals is demonstrated, which is proposed to arise from the synergistic effects of broken inversion symmetry, strong light-matter interaction, and band nesting effects. Briefly, the work provides an efficient synthetic route for achieving the 3R-stacked TMDCs spirals, which can serve as perfect platforms for promoting their applications in on-chip nonlinear optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhuo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jiepeng Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiatian Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jialong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhi Quan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yahuan Huan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qilong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tinglu Song
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wende Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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Hu H, Han X, Wu G, Ma Z, Wu B, Yan M, Lin X, Zheng X, Hong X. Spiral Square Nanosheets Assembled from Ru Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37224478 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spiral two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets exhibit unique physical and chemical phenomena due to their twisted structures. While self-assembly of clusters is an ideal strategy to form hierarchical 2D structures, it is challenging to form spiral nanosheets. Herein, we first report a screw dislocation involved assembled method to obtain 2D spiral cluster assembled nanosheets (CANs) with uniform square morphology. The 2D spiral Ru CANs with a length of approximately 4 μm and thickness of 20.7 ± 3.0 nm per layer were prepared via the assembly of 1-2 nm Ru clusters in the presence of molten block copolymer Pluronic F127. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) demonstrate the existence of screw dislocation in the spiral assembled structure. The X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum indicates that Ru clusters are Ru3+ species, and Ru atoms are mainly coordinated with Cl with a coordination number of 6.5. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectra (1H NMR) indicate that the assembly process of Ru clusters is formed by noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding and hydrophilic interactions. Additionally, the Ru-F127 CANs exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance in the near-infrared (NIR) region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Hu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Geng Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhentao Ma
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Bei Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Muyu Yan
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xingen Lin
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Bioinspired inhibition of aggregation in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). iScience 2023; 26:106239. [PMID: 36915688 PMCID: PMC10006690 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Different from traditional procedures of using solid stabilizers like polymers and surfactants, here we demonstrate that water, as a very "soft" matter, could function as a "spacer" to prevent the aggregation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in aqueous dispersions. Our theoretical calculations reveal in case of an excess of positively charged metal nodes of MOFs, where water molecules are ligated to metal nodes that greatly enhance MOFs' solution dispersibility through electrostatic stabilization. This discovery has motivated us to develop a facile experimental approach for producing a category of "clean" MOF dispersions without foreign additives. Potential application has been demonstrated for the size fractionation of MOFs, which results in small-size MOFs (50-80 nm) characteristic of superior electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activities (256 mV at 10 mA cm-2, Tafel slope of 49 mV dec-1 and durability >30 h). This work would provide new clues for aqueous processing of MOFs for many emerging applications.
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Jafarpour M, Gorb S, Rajabi H. Double-spiral: a bioinspired pre-programmable compliant joint with multiple degrees of freedom. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220757. [PMID: 36628530 PMCID: PMC9832290 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Geometry and material are two key factors that determine the functionality of mechanical elements under a specific boundary condition. Optimum combinations of these factors fulfil desired mechanical behaviour. By exploring biological systems, we find widespread spiral-shaped mechanical elements with various combinations of geometries and material properties functioning under different boundary conditions and load cases. Although these spirals work towards a wide range of goals, some of them are used as nature's solution to compactify highly extensible prolonged structures. Characterizing the principles underlying the functionality of these structures, here we profited from the coiling-uncoiling behaviour and easy adjustability of logarithmic spirals to design a pre-programmable compliant joint. Using the finite-element method, we developed a simple model of the joint and investigated the influence of design variables on its geometry and mechanical behaviour. Our results show that the design variables give us a great possibility to tune the response of the joint and reach a high level of passive control on its behaviour. Using 3D printing and mechanical testing, we replicated the numerical simulations and illustrated the application of the joint in practice. The simplicity, pre-programmability and predictable response of our double-spiral design suggest that it provides an efficient solution for a wide range of engineering applications, such as articulated robotic systems and modular metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Jafarpour
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Stanislav Gorb
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Hamed Rajabi
- Division of Mechanical Engineering and Design, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
- Mechanical Intelligence Research Group, South Bank Applied BioEngineering Research (SABER) Centre, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
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