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Gu J, Ma C, Dong C, Shen C, Ji J, Zhou C, Xu X, Mai L. A Homogeneous Janus Membrane Based on Functionalized MOFs Crosslinked by Aramid Nanofibers for Quasi-Solid-State Lithium Sulfur Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403882. [PMID: 39194489 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered as promising candidates in the next generation of high energy density devices. However, the serious shuttle effect, irreversible dendrite growth of Li metal anode, and the potential safety hazard impede the practical application of LSBs. Herein, a novel homogeneous Janus membrane based on functionalized MOFs crosslinked by aramid nanofibers is designed and synthesized to simultaneously solve the above challenges in quasi-solid-state LSBs. The aramid nanofibers with good mechanical properties and thermal stability act as a homogeneous scaffold to crosslink the MOF particles with different ligands on both sides and this Janus membrane upgrades the stability and safety on both the cathode and anode. Specifically, the amino ligand-decorated MOFs contribute to homogenize Li-ion flux and stabilize the lithium anode, and the sulfonic ligand-decorated MOFs effectively suppress the shuttle effect by the dual effects of chemical adsorption and electrostatic repulsion. The quasi-solid-state LSBs assembled with this homogeneous Janus membrane deliver excellent rate performance and cycling stability. Moreover, it exhibits a high initial capacity of 923.4 mAh g-1 at 1 C at 70 °C, and 697.3 mAh g-1 is retained after 100 cycles, indicating great potential for its application in high-safety LSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Changning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chunli Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
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Li C, Wang J, Ye Q, Li P, Zhang K, Li J, Zhang Y, Ye L, Song T, Gao Y, Wang B, Peng H. Decreased Electrically and Increased Ionically Conducting Scaffolds for Long-Life, High-Rate and Deep-Capacity Lithium-Metal Anodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400570. [PMID: 38600895 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries are deemed as promising next-generation power solutions but are hindered by the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume change of Li anodes. The extensively studied 3D scaffolds as solutions generally lead to undesired "top-growth" of Li due to their high electrical conductivity and the lack of ion-transporting pathways. Here, by reducing electrical conductivity and increasing the ionic conductivity of the scaffold, the deposition spot of Li to the bottom of the scaffold can be regulated, thus resulting in a safe bottom-up plating mode of the Li and dendrite-free Li deposition. The resulting symmetrical cells with these scaffolds, despite with a limited pre-plated Li capacity of 5 mAh cm-2, exhibit ultra-stable Li plating/stripping for over 1 year (11 000 h) at a high current density of 3 mA cm-2 and a high areal capacity of 3 mAh cm-2. Moreover, the full cells with these scaffolds further demonstrate high cycling stability under challenging conditions, including high cathode loading of 21.6 mg cm-2, low negative-to-positive ratio of 1.6, and limited electrolyte-to-capacity ratio of 4.2 g Ah-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfa Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Pengzhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianbing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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Feng X, Deng N, Yu W, Peng Z, Su D, Kang W, Cheng B. Review: Application of Bionic-Structured Materials in Solid-State Electrolytes for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15387-15415. [PMID: 38843224 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) have gained significant attention in energy storage research due to their high energy density and significantly improved safety. But there are still certain problems with lithium dendrite growth, interface stability, and room-temperature practicality. Nature continually inspires human development and intricate design strategies to achieve optimal structural applications. Innovative solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), inspired by diverse natural species, have demonstrated exceptional physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. This review provides an overview of typical bionic-structured materials in SSEs, particularly those mimicking plant and animal structures, with a focus on their latest advancements in applications of solid-state lithium metal batteries. Commencing from plant structures encompassing roots, trunks, leaves, flowers, fruits, and cellular levels, the detailed influence of biomimetic strategies on SSE design and electrochemical performance are presented in this review. Subsequently, the recent progress of animal-inspired nanostructures in SSEs is summarized, including layered structures, surface morphologies, and interface compatibility in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) aspects. Finally, we also evaluate the current challenges and provide a concise outlook on future research directions. We anticipate that the review will provide useful information for future reference regarding the design of bionic-structured materials in SSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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Jin Y, Li Y, Lin R, Zhang X, Shuai Y, Xiong Y. In Situ Constructing Robust and Highly Conductive Solid Electrolyte with Tailored Interfacial Chemistry for Durable Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307942. [PMID: 38054774 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Employing nanofiber framework for in situ polymerized solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) is impeded by the insufficient Li+ transport properties and severe dendritic Li growth. Both critical issues originate from the shortage of Li+ conduction highways and nonuniform Li+ flux, as randomly-scattered nanofiber backbone is highly prone to slippage during battery assembly. Herein, a robust fabric of Li0.33La0.56Ce0.06Ti0.94O3-δ/polyacrylonitrile framework (p-LLCTO/PAN) with inbuilt Li+ transport channels and high interfacial Li+ flux is reported to manipulate the critical current density of SSLMBs. Upon the merits of defective LLCTO fillers, TFSI- confinement and linear alignment of Li+ conduction pathways are realized inside 1D p-LLCTO/PAN tunnels, enabling remarkable ionic conductivity of 1.21 mS cm-1 (26 °C) and tLi+ of 0.93 for in situ polymerized polyvinylene carbonate (PVC) electrolyte. Specifically, molecular reinforcement protocol on PAN framework further rearranges the Li+ highway distribution on Li metal and alters Li dendrite nucleation pattern, boosting a homogeneous Li deposition behavior with favorable SEI interface chemistry. Accordingly, excellent capacity retention of 76.7% over 1000 cycles at 2 C for Li||LiFePO4 battery and 76.2% over 500 cycles at 1 C for Li||LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 battery are delivered by p-LLCTO/PAN/PVC electrolyte, presenting feasible route in overcoming the bottleneck of dendrite penetration in in situ polymerized SSLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Jin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ruifan Lin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xuebai Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yong Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of MIIT, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yueping Xiong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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Qu L, Gou Q, Deng J, Zheng Y, Li M. A Perspective of Bioinspired Interfaces Applied in Renewable Energy Storage and Conversion Devices. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6601-6611. [PMID: 38478901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The natural world renders a large number of opportunities to design intriguing structures and fascinating functions for innovations of advanced surfaces and interfaces. Currently, bioinspired interfaces have attracted much attention in practical applications of renewable energy storage and conversion devices including rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and supercapacitors. By mimicking miscellaneous natural creatures, many novel bioinspired interfaces with various components, structures, morphology, and configurations are exerted on the devices' electrodes, electrolytes, additives, separators, and catalyst matrixes, resorting to their wonderful mechanical, optical, electrical, physical, chemical, and electrochemical features compared with the corresponding traditional modes. In this Perspective, the principles of designing bioinspired interfaces are discussed with respect to biomimetic chemical components, physical morphologies, biochemical reactions, and macrobiomimetic assembly configurations. A brief summary, subsequently, is mainly focused on the recent progress on bioinspired interfaces applied in key materials for rechargeable batteries. Ultimately, a critical comment is projected on significant opportunities and challenges existing in the future development course of bioinspired interfaces. It is expected that this Perspective is able to provide a profound perception into some underlying artificial intelligent energy storage and conversion device design as a promising candidate to resolve the global energy crisis and environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, No. 20, East University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Qianzhi Gou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbin Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
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6
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Meng T, Ma F, Gao Y, Geng Z, Wang X, Chen J, Zhang H, Guan C. Functional Laminated Fiber Scaffold Based on Titanium Monoxide for Lithium Metal-Based Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304734. [PMID: 37828641 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal-based rechargeable batteries are attracting increasing attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density. However, the dendrite growth leads to short circuits or even explosions and rapid depletion of active materials and electrolytes. Here, a functionalized and laminated scaffold (PVDF/TiO@C fiber) based on lithiophilic titanium monoxide is rationally designed to inhibit dendrite growth. Specifically, the bottom TiO@C fiber sublayer provides rich Li nucleation sites and facilitates the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase. Together with the top lithiophobic PVDF sublayer, the prepared freestanding scaffold can effectively suppress the growth of Li dendrite and ensure stable Li plating/stripping. Based on the dendrite-free deposition, the Li/PVDF/TiO@ C fiber anode enables over 1000 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 in a symmetrical cell and delivers superior electrochemical performance in both Li || LFP and Li-S batteries. The functional laminated fiber scaffold design provides essential insights for obtaining high-performance lithium metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Zeyu Geng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Jipeng Chen
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Cao Guan
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
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Wei L, Xu X, Xi K, Shi X, Cheng X, Lei Y, Gao Y. Polydopamine-Induced Metal-Organic Framework Network-Enhanced High-Performance Composite Solid-State Electrolytes for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:878-888. [PMID: 38114416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high safety, flexibility, and excellent compatibility with lithium metals, composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) are the best candidates for next-generation lithium metal batteries, and the construction of fast and uniform Li+ transport is a critical part of the development of CSEs. In this paper, a stable three-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) network was obtained using polydopamine as a medium, and a high-performance CSE reinforced by the three-dimensional MOF network was constructed, which not only provides a continuous channel for Li+ transport but also restricts large anions and releases more mobile Li+ through a Lewis acid-base interaction. This strategy endows our CSEs with an ionic conductivity (7.1 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 60 °C), a wide electrochemical window (5.0 V), and a higher Li+ transfer number (0.54). At the same time, the lithium symmetric batteries can be stably cycled for 2000 h at 0.1 mA cm-2, exhibiting excellent electrochemical stability. The LiFePO4/Li cells have a high initial discharge specific capacity of 153.9 mAh g-1 at 1C, with a capacity retention of 80% after 915 cycles. This paper proposes an approach for constructing three-dimensional MOF network-enhanced CSEs, which provides insights into the design and development of MOFs for the positive effects of high-performance CSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Kang Xi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobei Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yue Lei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yunfang Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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Kang Q, Zhuang Z, Liu Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Sun B, Pei F, Zhu H, Li H, Li P, Lin Y, Shi K, Zhu Y, Chen J, Shi C, Zhao Y, Jiang P, Xia Y, Wang D, Huang X. Engineering the Structural Uniformity of Gel Polymer Electrolytes via Pattern-Guided Alignment for Durable, Safe Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303460. [PMID: 37269455 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin and super-toughness gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are the key enabling technology for durable, safe, and high-energy density solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) but extremely challenging. However, GPEs with limited uniformity and continuity exhibit an uneven Li+ flux distribution, leading to nonuniform deposition. Herein, a fiber patterning strategy for developing and engineering ultrathin (16 µm) fibrous GPEs with high ionic conductivity (≈0.4 mS cm-1 ) and superior mechanical toughness (≈613%) for durable and safe SSLMBs is proposed. The special patterned structure provides fast Li+ transport channels and tailoring solvation structure of traditional LiPF6 -based carbonate electrolyte, enabling rapid ionic transfer kinetics and uniform Li+ flux, and boosting stability against Li anodes, thus realizing ultralong Li plating/stripping in the symmetrical cell over 3000 h at 1.0 mA cm-2 , 1.0 mAh cm-2 . Moreover, the SSLMBs with high LiFePO4 loading of 10.58 mg cm-2 deliver ultralong stable cycling life over 1570 cycles at 1.0 C with 92.5% capacity retention and excellent rate capacity of 129.8 mAh g-1 at 5.0 C with a cut-off voltage of 4.2 V (100% depth-of-discharge). Patterned GPEs systems are powerful strategies for producing durable and safe SSLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Kang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zechao Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Yijie Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhenhui Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Weihai Innovation Research Institute of Qingdao University, Weihai, 264200, China
| | - Fei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengli Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kunming Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yingke Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chaoqun Shi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Liu Z, Chen W, Zhang F, Wu F, Chen R, Li L. Hollow-Particles Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes with Biomimetic Ion Channels for High-Performance Lithium-Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206655. [PMID: 36737835 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are the core material of solid-state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs), which are being researched urgently owing to their high energy and safety. Both high ionic conductivity and excellent cycling stability remain the primary goal of solid-state electrolytes. Herein, inspired by K+ /Na+ ion channels in cell membrane of eukaryotes, a novel hollow UiO-66 with biomimetic ion channels based on quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSEs) is designed. The hollow UiO-66 spheres containing biomimetic ion channels can spontaneously combine anions and incorporate more lithium ions, creating improved ionic conductivity (1.15 × 10-3 S cm-1 ) and lithium-ion transference number (0.70) at room temperature. The long-term cycling of symmetric batteries and COMSOL simulations demonstrate that this biomimetic strategy enables uniform ion flux to suppress Li dendrites. Furthermore, the Li metal full cells paired with LiFePO4 cathode exhibit excellent cycling stability and rate performance. Consequently, the strategy of designing biomimetic QSSEs opens up a new path for developing high-performance electrolytes for SLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Weizhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Fengling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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10
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Song J, Xu Y, Zhou Y, Wang P, Feng H, Yang J, Zhuge F, Tan Q. Cellulose-Assisted Vertically Heterostructured PEO-Based Solid Electrolytes Mitigating Li-Succinonitrile Corrosion for Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20897-20908. [PMID: 37074227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the field of solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs), constructing vertically heterostructured poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid electrolytes is an effective method to realize their tight contact with cathodes and Li anodes at the same time. Succinonitrile (SN) has been widely used in PEO-based solid electrolytes to improve the interface contact with cathodes, enhance the ionic conductivities, and obtain a high electrochemical stability window of PEO, but its application is still hindered by its intrinsic instability to Li anodes, which results in corrosion and side interactions with lithium metal. Herein, the cellulose membrane (CM) is introduced creatively into the vertically heterostructured PEO-based solid electrolytes to match the PEO-SN solid electrolytes at the cathode side. With the advantage of the interaction between -OH groups of CM and -C≡N groups in SN, the movement of free SN molecules from cathodes to Li anodes is limited effectively, resulting in a stable and durable SEI layer. In specific, the Li||LiFePO4 battery with the CM-assisted vertically heterostructured PEO-based solid electrolyte by in situ preparation delivers a discharge capacity of around 130 mAh g-1 after 300 cycles and capacity retention of 95% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. Our work provides a solution to construct PEO-based solid electrolytes feasible to match cathodes and Li anodes effectively by intimate contact with electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Power and Energy Storage Battery Materials, Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Advanced Energy Materials, Hebei Manufacturing Industry Innovation Center of New Energy Materials and Key Equipment, Langfang Technological Service Center of Green Industry, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Yuxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Power and Energy Storage Battery Materials, Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Advanced Energy Materials, Hebei Manufacturing Industry Innovation Center of New Energy Materials and Key Equipment, Langfang Technological Service Center of Green Industry, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Yuncheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Power and Energy Storage Battery Materials, Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Advanced Energy Materials, Hebei Manufacturing Industry Innovation Center of New Energy Materials and Key Equipment, Langfang Technological Service Center of Green Industry, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hailan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fuchang Zhuge
- Gansu Daxiang Energy Technology Co. Ltd, Baiyin, Gansu 730913, China
| | - Qiangqiang Tan
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Power and Energy Storage Battery Materials, Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Advanced Energy Materials, Hebei Manufacturing Industry Innovation Center of New Energy Materials and Key Equipment, Langfang Technological Service Center of Green Industry, Langfang 065001, China
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11
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Zhu Y, Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Li G, Gao R, Piao Z, Luo D, Gao RH, Zhang M, Xiao X, Li C, Lao Z, Wang J, Chen Z, Zhou G. Uncoordinated chemistry enables highly conductive and stable electrolyte/filler interfaces for solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300197120. [PMID: 37018192 PMCID: PMC10104547 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300197120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite-polymer-electrolytes (CPEs) embedded with advanced filler materials offer great promise for fast and preferential Li+ conduction. The filler surface chemistry determines the interaction with electrolyte molecules and thus critically regulates the Li+ behaviors at the interfaces. Herein, we probe into the role of electrolyte/filler interfaces (EFI) in CPEs and promote Li+ conduction by introducing an unsaturated coordination Prussian blue analog (UCPBA) filler. Combining scanning transmission X-ray microscope stack imaging studies and first-principle calculations, fast Li+ conduction is revealed only achievable at a chemically stable EFI, which can be established by the unsaturated Co-O coordination in UCPBA to circumvent the side reactions. Moreover, the as-exposed Lewis-acid metal centers in UCPBA efficiently attract the Lewis-base anions of Li salts, which facilitates the Li+ disassociation and enhances its transference number (tLi+). Attributed to these superiorities, the obtained CPEs realize high room-temperature ionic conductivity up to 0.36 mS cm-1 and tLi+ of 0.6, enabling an excellent cyclability of lithium metal electrodes over 4,000 h as well as remarkable capacity retention of 97.6% over 180 cycles at 0.5 C for solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries. This work highlights the crucial role of EFI chemistry in developing highly conductive CPEs and high-performance solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Zhu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi Zhang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gaoran Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhihong Piao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Run-Hua Gao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtian Zhang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Li
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoujie Lao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SKS7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, WaterlooN2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhu X, Wang L, Bai Z, Lu J, Wu T. Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Challenges and Perspectives. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:75. [PMID: 36976391 PMCID: PMC10050614 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries with liquid electrolytes have been obstructed by severe shuttle effects and intrinsic safety concerns. Introducing inorganic solid-state electrolytes into lithium-sulfur systems is believed as an effective approach to eliminate these issues without sacrificing the high-energy density, which determines sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries. However, the lack of design principles for high-performance composite sulfur cathodes limits their further application. The sulfur cathode regulation should take several factors including the intrinsic insulation of sulfur, well-designed conductive networks, integrated sulfur-electrolyte interfaces, and porous structure for volume expansion, and the correlation between these factors into account. Here, we summarize the challenges of regulating composite sulfur cathodes with respect to ionic/electronic diffusions and put forward the corresponding solutions for obtaining stable positive electrodes. In the last section, we also outlook the future research pathways of architecture sulfur cathode to guide the develop high-performance all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguang Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengyu Bai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianpin Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Abdul Ahad S, Bhattacharya S, Kilian S, Ottaviani M, Ryan KM, Kennedy T, Thompson D, Geaney H. Lithiophilic Nanowire Guided Li Deposition in Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205142. [PMID: 36398602 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) provide superior energy densities far beyond current Li-ion batteries (LIBs) but practical applications are hindered by uncontrolled dendrite formation and the build-up of dead Li in "hostless" Li metal anodes. To circumvent these issues, we created a 3D framework of a carbon paper (CP) substrate decorated with lithiophilic nanowires (silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and SiGe alloy NWs) that provides a robust host for efficient stripping/plating of Li metal. The lithiophilic Li22 Si5 , Li22 (Si0.5 Ge0.5 )5, and Li22 Ge5 formed during rapid Li melt infiltration prevented the formation of dead Li and dendrites. Li22 Ge5 /Li covered CP hosts delivered the best performance, with the lowest overpotentials of 40 mV (three times lower than pristine Li) when cycled at 1 mA cm-2 /1 mAh cm-2 for 1000 h and at 3 mA cm-2 /3 mAh cm-2 for 500 h. Ex situ analysis confirmed the ability of the lithiophilic Li22 Ge5 decorated samples to facilitate uniform Li deposition. When paired with sulfur, LiFePO4, and NMC811 cathodes, the CP-LiGe/Li anodes delivered 200 cycles with 82%, 93%, and 90% capacity retention, respectively. The discovery of the highly stable, lithiophilic NW decorated CP hosts is a promising route toward stable cycling LMBs and provides a new design motif for hosted Li metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdul Ahad
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Shayon Bhattacharya
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Seamus Kilian
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Michela Ottaviani
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Tadhg Kennedy
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Damien Thompson
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Hugh Geaney
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
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