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Xin Y, Zhou X, Bark H, Lee PS. The Role of 3D Printing Technologies in Soft Grippers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307963. [PMID: 37971199 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Soft grippers are essential for precise and gentle handling of delicate, fragile, and easy-to-break objects, such as glassware, electronic components, food items, and biological samples, without causing any damage or deformation. This is especially important in industries such as healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture, food handling, and biomedical, where accuracy, safety, and preservation of the objects being handled are critical. This article reviews the use of 3D printing technologies in soft grippers, including those made of functional materials, nonfunctional materials, and those with sensors. 3D printing processes that can be used to fabricate each class of soft grippers are discussed. Available 3D printing technologies that are often used in soft grippers are primarily extrusion-based printing (fused deposition modeling and direct ink writing), jet-based printing (polymer jet), and immersion printing (stereolithography and digital light processing). The materials selected for fabricating soft grippers include thermoplastic polymers, UV-curable polymers, polymer gels, soft conductive composites, and hydrogels. It is conclude that 3D printing technologies revolutionize the way soft grippers are being fabricated, expanding their application domains and reducing the difficulties in customization, fabrication, and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Hyunwoo Bark
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore
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Liu Y, Xu M, Long H, Vasiliev RB, Li S, Meng H, Chang S. Alternating current electroluminescence devices: recent advances and functional applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39034868 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00309h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Wearable smart devices and visualisation sensors based on alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) have received considerable attention in recent years. Due to the unique properties of ACEL devices, such as high mechanical strength, adaptability to complex environments, and no need for energy level matching, ACEL is suitable for multifunctional applications and visualisation sensing platforms. This review comprehensively outlines the latest developments in ACEL devices, starting with an analysis of the mechanism, classification, and optimisation strategies of ACEL. It introduces the functional applications of ACEL in multicolour displays, high-durability displays, stretchable and wearable displays, and autonomous function displays. Particularly, it emphasises the research progress of ACEL in sensory displays under interactive conditions such as liquid sensing, environmental factor sensing, kinetic energy sensing, and biosensing. Finally, it forecasts the challenges and new opportunities faced by future functional and interactive ACEL devices in fields such as artificial intelligence, smart robotics, and human-computer interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Faculty of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China.
- Platform for Applied Nanophotonics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Technology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China
| | - Meili Xu
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Hui Long
- Faculty of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China.
- Department of Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Roman B Vasiliev
- Department of Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Shukui Li
- Faculty of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China.
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shuai Chang
- Faculty of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China.
- Platform for Applied Nanophotonics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Technology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518115, China
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3
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Chang MK, Jeong S, Kim D, Nam H. Review of Integrated Gate Driver Circuits in Active Matrix Thin-Film Transistor Display Panels. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:823. [PMID: 39064334 PMCID: PMC11279033 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Many advanced technologies have been employed in high-performance active matrix displays, including liquid crystal displays, organic light-emitting diode displays, and micro-light-emitting diode displays. On the other side, there exists a strong demand for cost reduction, and it is one of the low-cost schemes for integrating the driver circuit in a panel based on thin-film transistor technologies. This paper reviews the overall concept, operation principles, and various circuit approaches in shift registers for scanning pulse generation. In addition, it deals with the implementation of additional functionalities in gate drivers to support pixel compensation, multi-line driving, in-cell capacitive touch screen, pixel sensing, and adaptive scanning region control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyu Chang
- Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.C.); (S.J.)
| | - Seoyeong Jeong
- Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.C.); (S.J.)
| | - Darren Kim
- Harman International, Novi, MI 48377, USA;
| | - Hyoungsik Nam
- Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.C.); (S.J.)
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Yang H, Wei Y, Ju H, Huang X, Li J, Wang W, Peng D, Tu D, Li G. Microstrain-Stimulated Elastico-Mechanoluminescence with Dual-Mode Stress Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401296. [PMID: 38599208 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Elastico-mechanoluminescence technology has shown significant application prospects in stress sensing, artificial skin, remote interaction, and other research areas. Its progress mainly lies in realizing stress visualization and 2D or even 3D stress-sensing effects using a passive sensing mode. However, the widespread promotion of mechanoluminescence (ML) technology is hindered by issues such as high stress or strain thresholds and a single sensing mode based on luminous intensity. In this study, a highly efficient green-emitting ML with dual-mode stress-sensing characteristics driven by microscale strain is developed using LiTaO3:Tb3+. In addition to single-mode sensing based on the luminous intensity, the self-defined parameter (Q) is also introduced as a dual-mode factor for sensing the stress velocity. Impressively, the fabricated LiTaO3:Tb3+ film is capable of generating discernible ML signals even when supplied with strains as low as 500 µst. This is the current minimum strain value that can drive green-emitting ML. This study offers an ideal photonic platform for exploring the potential applications of rare-earth-doped elastico-ML materials in remote interaction devices, high-precision stress sensors, and single-molecule biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Haonan Ju
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinru Huang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Informatics of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dengfeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Dong Tu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences, Hangzhou, 311305, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Guogang Li
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences, Hangzhou, 311305, China
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5
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He J, Wei R, Ma X, Wu W, Pan X, Sun J, Tang J, Xu Z, Wang C, Pan C. Contactless User-Interactive Sensing Display for Human-Human and Human-Machine Interactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401931. [PMID: 38573797 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Creating a large-scale contactless user-interactive sensing display (CUISD) with optimal features is challenging but crucial for efficient human-human or human-machine interactions. This study reports a CUISD based on dynamic alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) that responds to humidity. Subsecond humidity-induced luminescence is achieved by integrating a highly responsive hydrogel into the ACEL layer. The patterned silver nanofiber electrode and luminescence layer, produced through electrospinning and microfabrication, result in a stretchable, large-scale, high-resolution, multicolor, and dynamic CUISD. The CUISD is implemented for the real-time control of a remote-controlled car, wherein the luminescence signals induced by touchless finger movements are distinguished and encoded to deliver specific commands. Moreover, the distinctive recognition of breathing facilitates the CUISD to serve as a visual signal transmitter for information interaction, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with disabilities. The paradigm shift depicts in this work is expected to reshape the way authors interact with each other and devices, discovering niche applications in virtual/augmented reality and the metaverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi He
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Institute of Atomic Manufacturing, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruilai Wei
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Xiaole Ma
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Wenqiang Wu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Xiaojun Pan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Junlu Sun
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhangsheng Xu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Institute of Atomic Manufacturing, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Park J, Lee Y, Cho S, Choe A, Yeom J, Ro YG, Kim J, Kang DH, Lee S, Ko H. Soft Sensors and Actuators for Wearable Human-Machine Interfaces. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1464-1534. [PMID: 38314694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Haptic human-machine interfaces (HHMIs) combine tactile sensation and haptic feedback to allow humans to interact closely with machines and robots, providing immersive experiences and convenient lifestyles. Significant progress has been made in developing wearable sensors that accurately detect physical and electrophysiological stimuli with improved softness, functionality, reliability, and selectivity. In addition, soft actuating systems have been developed to provide high-quality haptic feedback by precisely controlling force, displacement, frequency, and spatial resolution. In this Review, we discuss the latest technological advances of soft sensors and actuators for the demonstration of wearable HHMIs. We particularly focus on highlighting material and structural approaches that enable desired sensing and feedback properties necessary for effective wearable HHMIs. Furthermore, promising practical applications of current HHMI technology in various areas such as the metaverse, robotics, and user-interactive devices are discussed in detail. Finally, this Review further concludes by discussing the outlook for next-generation HHMI technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngoh Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungse Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Choe
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yeom
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Goo Ro
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjae Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhyub Ko
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan Metropolitan City 44919, Republic of Korea
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Xu J, Huang H, Sun C, Yu J, Wang M, Dong T, Wang S, Chen X, Cui T, Li J. Flexible Accelerated-Wound-Healing Antibacterial Hydrogel-Nanofiber Scaffold for Intelligent Wearable Health Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5438-5450. [PMID: 38112719 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible epidermal sensors hold significant potential in personalized healthcare and multifunctional electronic skins. Nonetheless, achieving both robust sensing performance and efficient antibacterial protection, especially in medical paradigms involving electrophysiological signals for wound healing and intelligent health monitoring, remains a substantial challenge. Herein, we introduce a novel flexible accelerated-wound-healing biomaterial based on a hydrogel-nanofiber scaffold (HNFS) via electrostatic spinning and gel cross-linking. We effectively engineer a multifunctional tissue nanoengineered skin scaffold for wound treatment and health monitoring. Key features of HNFS include high tensile strength (24.06 MPa) and elasticity (214.67%), flexibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties, enabling assembly into versatile sensors for monitoring human motion and electrophysiological signals. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that HNFS significantly enhances cell proliferation and skin wound healing, provide a comprehensive therapeutic strategy for smart sensing and tissue repair, and guide the development of high-performance "wound healing-health monitoring" bioelectronic skin scaffolds. Therefore, this study provides insights into crafting flexible and repairable skin sensors, holding potential for multifunctional health diagnostics and intelligent medical applications in intelligent wearable health monitoring and next-generation artificial skin fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Jiafei Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Ting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shiheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Xinhao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, P.R. China
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Hua Q, Shen G. Low-dimensional nanostructures for monolithic 3D-integrated flexible and stretchable electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1316-1353. [PMID: 38196334 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00918a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Flexible/stretchable electronics, which are characterized by their ultrathin design, lightweight structure, and excellent mechanical robustness and conformability, have garnered significant attention due to their unprecedented potential in healthcare, advanced robotics, and human-machine interface technologies. An increasing number of low-dimensional nanostructures with exceptional mechanical, electronic, and/or optical properties are being developed for flexible/stretchable electronics to fulfill the functional and application requirements of information sensing, processing, and interactive loops. Compared to the traditional single-layer format, which has a restricted design space, a monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) integrated device architecture offers greater flexibility and stretchability for electronic devices, achieving a high-level of integration to accommodate the state-of-the-art design targets, such as skin-comfort, miniaturization, and multi-functionality. Low-dimensional nanostructures possess small size, unique characteristics, flexible/elastic adaptability, and effective vertical stacking capability, boosting the advancement of M3D-integrated flexible/stretchable systems. In this review, we provide a summary of the typical low-dimensional nanostructures found in semiconductor, interconnect, and substrate materials, and discuss the design rules of flexible/stretchable devices for intelligent sensing and data processing. Furthermore, artificial sensory systems in 3D integration have been reviewed, highlighting the advancements in flexible/stretchable electronics that are deployed with high-density, energy-efficiency, and multi-functionalities. Finally, we discuss the technical challenges and advanced methodologies involved in the design and optimization of low-dimensional nanostructures, to achieve monolithic 3D-integrated flexible/stretchable multi-sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Hua
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
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Xu W, Ren Q, Li J, Xu J, Bai G, Zhu C, Li W. Triboelectric Contact Localization Electronics: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:449. [PMID: 38257543 PMCID: PMC10819133 DOI: 10.3390/s24020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The growing demand from the extended reality and wearable electronics market has led to an increased focus on the development of flexible human-machine interfaces (HMI). These interfaces require efficient user input acquisition modules that can realize touch operation, handwriting input, and motion sensing functions. In this paper, we present a systematic review of triboelectric-based contact localization electronics (TCLE) which play a crucial role in enabling the lightweight and long-endurance designs of flexible HMI. We begin by summarizing the mainstream working principles utilized in the design of TCLE, highlighting their respective strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, we discuss the implementation methods of TCLE in realizing advanced functions such as sliding motion detection, handwriting trajectory detection, and artificial intelligence-based user recognition. Furthermore, we review recent works on the applications of TCLE in HMI devices, which provide valuable insights for guiding the design of application scene-specified TCLE devices. Overall, this review aims to contribute to the advancement and understanding of TCLE, facilitating the development of next-generation HMI for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (W.X.); (Q.R.)
| | - Qingying Ren
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (W.X.); (Q.R.)
| | - Jinze Li
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (J.L.); (J.X.); (G.B.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (J.L.); (J.X.); (G.B.); (C.Z.)
| | - Gang Bai
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (J.L.); (J.X.); (G.B.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chen Zhu
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (J.L.); (J.X.); (G.B.); (C.Z.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (W.X.); (Q.R.)
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (J.L.); (J.X.); (G.B.); (C.Z.)
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Qu X, Li J, Han Z, Liang Q, Zhou Z, Xie R, Wang H, Chen S. Highly Sensitive Fiber Pressure Sensors over a Wide Pressure Range Enabled by Resistive-Capacitive Hybrid Response. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37498777 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Soft capacitive pressure sensors with high performance are becoming increasingly in demand in the emerging flexible wearable field. While capacitive fiber pressure sensors have achieved high sensitivity, their sensitivity range is limited to low-pressure levels. As fiber sensors typically require preloading and fixation, this narrow range of high sensitivity poses a challenge for practical applications. To overcome this limitation, the study proposes resistive-capacitive hybrid response fiber pressure sensors (HFPSs) with three-layer core-sheath structures. The trigger and sensitivity enhancement mechanisms of the hybrid response are determined through model analysis and experimental verification. By adjustment of the sensitivity enhancement range of the hybrid response, the sensitivity attenuation of HFPSs is alleviated significantly. The obtained results demonstrate that HFPSs have excellent characteristics such as fast response, low hysteresis, wide response frequency, small signal drift, and good durability. The hybrid response enhances the practical sensitivity of HFPSs for various applications. With enhanced sensitivity, HFPSs can effectively monitor pulse signals at preloads ranging from 0 to 22.7 kPa. This wide range of preloads improves the fault tolerance of pulse monitoring and expands the potential application scenarios of fiber pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Han
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Ruimin Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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