1
|
Gao Y, Li H, Chao S, Wang Y, Hou L, Bai T, Bai J, Man X, Cui Z, Wang N, Li Z, Zhao Y. Zebra-Patterned Stretchable Helical Yarn for Triboelectric Self-Powered Multifunctional Sensing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16958-16966. [PMID: 38907712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Smart textiles capable of both energy harvesting and multifunctional sensing are highly desirable for next-generation portable electronics. However, there are still challenges that need to be conquered, such as the innovation of an energy-harvesting model and the optimization of interface bonding between fibers and active materials. Herein, inspired by the spiral structure of natural vines, a highly stretchable triboelectric helical yarn (TEHY) was manufactured by twisting the carbon nanotube/polyurethane nanofiber (CNT/PU NF) Janus membrane. The TEHY had a zebra-stripe-like design that was composed of black interval conductive CNTs and white insulative PU NFs. Due to the different electron affinity, the zebra-patterned TEHY realized a self-frictional triboelectric effect because the numerous microscopic CNT/PU triboelectric interfaces generated an alternating current in the external conductive circuit without extra external friction layers. The helical geometry combined with the elastic PU matrix endowed TEHY with superelastic stretchability and outstanding output stability after 1000 cycles of the stretch-release test. By virtue of the robust mechanical and electrical stability, the TEHY can not only be used as a high-entropy mechanical energy harvester but also serve as a self-powered sensor to monitor the stretching or deforming stimuli and human physiological activities in real time. These merits manifested the versatile applications of TEHY in smart fabrics, wearable power supplies, and human-machine interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- School of Machinery and Automation, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Chao
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Tonghua Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
| | - Xingkun Man
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Nü Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu J, Zhu G, Wang S, Wu C, Qu X, Dong X, Pang H, Zhang Y. 3D Printed MXene-Based Wire Strain Sensors with Enhanced Sensitivity and Anisotropy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401565. [PMID: 38745539 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Stretchable strain sensors play a crucial role in intelligent wearable systems, serving as the interface between humans and environment by translating mechanical strains into electrical signals. Traditional fiber strain sensors with intrinsic uniform axial strain distribution face challenges in achieving high sensitivity and anisotropy. Moreover, existing micro/nano-structure designs often compromise stretchability and durability. To address these challenges, a novel approach of using 3D printing to fabricate MXene-based flexible sensors with tunable micro and macrostructures. Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) as a pore-inducing agent is added into 3D printable inks to achieve controllable microstructural modifications. In addition to microstructure tuning, 3D printing is employed for macrostructural design modifications, guided by finite element modeling (FEM) simulations. As a result, the 3D printed sensors exhibit heightened sensitivity and anisotropy, making them suitable for tracking static and dynamic displacement changes. The proposed approach presents an efficient and economically viable solution for standardized large-scale production of advanced wire strain sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Lu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, P. R. China
| | - Guoyin Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, P. R. China
| | - Shaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chunjin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hannigan BC, Cuthbert TJ, Ahmadizadeh C, Menon C. Distributed sensing along fibers for smart clothing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj9708. [PMID: 38507488 PMCID: PMC10954209 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Textile sensors transform our everyday clothing into a means to track movement and biosignals in a completely unobtrusive way. One major hindrance to the adoption of "smart" clothing is the difficulty encountered with connections and space when scaling up the number of sensors. There is a lack of research addressing a key limitation in wearable electronics: Connections between rigid and textile elements are often unreliable, and they require interfacing sensors in a way incompatible with textile mass production methods. We introduce a prototype garment, compact readout circuit, and algorithm to measure localized strain along multiple regions of a fiber. We use a helical auxetic yarn sensor with tunable sensitivity along its length to selectively respond to strain signals. We demonstrate distributed sensing in clothing, monitoring arm joint angles from a single continuous fiber. Compared to optical motion capture, we achieve around five degrees error in reconstructing shoulder, elbow, and wrist joint angles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett C. Hannigan
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tyler J. Cuthbert
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chakaveh Ahmadizadeh
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Menon
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang X, Liu L, Lin YH, Feng R, Shen Y, Chang Y, Zhao H. High-stretchability and low-hysteresis strain sensors using origami-inspired 3D mesostructures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh9799. [PMID: 37624897 PMCID: PMC10456843 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh9799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable strain sensors are essential for various applications such as wearable electronics, prosthetics, and soft robotics. Strain sensors with high strain range, minimal hysteresis, and fast response speed are highly desirable for accurate measurements of large and dynamic deformations of soft bodies. Current stretchable strain sensors mostly rely on deformable conducting materials, which often have difficulties in achieving these properties simultaneously. In this study, we introduce capacitive strain sensor concepts based on origami-inspired three-dimensional mesoscale electrodes formed by a mechanically guided assembly process. These sensors exhibit up to 200% stretchability with 1.2% degree of hysteresis, <22 ms response time, small sensing area (~5 mm2), and directional strain responses. To showcase potential applications, we demonstrate the use of distributed strain sensors for measuring multimodal deformations of a soft continuum arm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Huang
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Liangshu Liu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yung Hsin Lin
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Rui Feng
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yiyang Shen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuanning Chang
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Hangbo Zhao
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong S, Hu H. Sensors Based on Auxetic Materials and Structures: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093603. [PMID: 37176486 PMCID: PMC10179841 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Auxetic materials exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio under tension or compression, and such counter-intuitive behavior leads to enhanced mechanical properties such as shear resistance, impact resistance, and shape adaptability. Auxetic materials with these excellent properties show great potential applications in personal protection, medical health, sensing equipment, and other fields. However, there are still many limitations in them, from laboratory research to real applications. There have been many reported studies applying auxetic materials or structures to the development of sensing devices in anticipation of improving sensitivity. This review mainly focuses on the use of auxetic materials or auxetic structures in sensors, providing a broad review of auxetic-based sensing devices. The material selection, structure design, preparation method, sensing mechanism, and sensing performance are introduced. In addition, we explore the relationship between the auxetic mechanism and the sensing performance and summarize how the auxetic behavior enhances the sensitivity. Furthermore, potential applications of sensors based on the auxetic mechanism are discussed, and the remaining challenges and future research directions are suggested. This review may help to promote further research and application of auxetic sensing devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Dong
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hong Hu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|