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Ai L, Xiang W, Xiao J, Liu H, Yu J, Zhang L, Wu X, Qu X, Lu S. Tailored Fabrication of Full-Color Ultrastable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots Composites with Unexpected Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401220. [PMID: 38652510 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of single-system materials that exhibit both multicolor room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with tunable after glow colors and channels is challenging. In this study, four metal-free carbon dots (CDs) are developed through structural tailoring, and panchromatic high-brightness RTP is achieved via strong chemical encapsulation in urea. The maximum lifetime and quantum yield reaches 2141 ms and 56.55%, respectively. Moreover, CDs-IV@urea, prepared via coreshell interaction engineering, exhibits a dual afterglow of red RTP and green TADF. The degree of conjugation and functional groups of precursors affects the binding interactions of the nitrogen cladding on CDs, which in turn stabilizes triplet energy levels and affects the energy gap between S1 and T1 (ΔEST) to induce multicolor RTP. The enhanced wrapping interaction lowers the ΔEST, promoting reverse intersystem crossing, which leads to phosphorescence and TADF. This strong coreshell interaction fully stabilizes the triplet state, thus stabilizing the material in water, even in extreme environments such as strong acids and oxidants. These afterglow materials are tested in multicolor, time, and temperature multiencryption as well as in multicolor in vivo bioimaging. Hence, these materials have promising practical applications in information security as well as biomedical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ai
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjuan Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiping Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingkun Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xueting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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2
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Fu Q, Lu K, Sun S, Dong Z. Recent advances in fluorescence and afterglow of CDs in matrices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1072-1098. [PMID: 38655703 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00093e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are novel nanomaterials with dimensions less than 10 nm that have attracted much attention due to their outstanding optical properties. However, the development of solid-state fluorescence and afterglow methods has been relatively slow, although the properties of these materials under liquid conditions have been extensively studied. In recent years, embedding CDs in a matrix has been shown to prevent aggregation quenching and inhibit nonradiative transitions, thus realizing solid-state fluorescence and afterglow, which has greatly broadened the research and application areas of CDs. In terms of hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, covalent bonding and spatial confinement, the interactions between CDs and matrices can effectively realize and improve the solid-state fluorescence and afterglow effects of CDs. Recent applications of CDs in matrices in optoelectronics, information security, sensing, biotherapeutics and imaging are also summarized. Finally, we summarize the challenges and developments of CDs in matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kangzhi Lu
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shouhong Sun
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhanhua Dong
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Hu H, Li J, Gong X. Hour-Level Persistent Multicolor Phosphorescence Enabled by Carbon Dot-Based Nanocomposites Through a Multi-Confinement-Based Approach. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308457. [PMID: 38126697 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hour-level persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) phenomena based on multi-confinement carbon dots (CDs) are reported. The CDs-based system reported here (named Si-CDs@B2O3) can be efficiently synthesized by a simple pyrolysis method compared to the established persistent RTP systems. The binding modes of CDs, silica (SiO2), and boron oxide (B2O3) are deduced from a series of characterizations including XRD, FT-IR, and TEM characterization. Further studies show that the formation of covalent bonds between B2O3, SiO2, and CDs play a key role in activating the persistent RTP and preventing its quenching. This is a rare example of a persistent RTP system that exhibits hourly persistent RTP under environmental conditions. Finally, the applications of Si-CDs@B2O3 are demonstrated for anti-counterfeiting, long-duration phosphorescence imaging, and fingerprinting. This synthetic strategy is expected to provide strong technical support for the preparation of persistent RTP CDs and pave the way for the synthesis of persistent RTP CDs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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Liang YC, Shao HC, Liu KK, Cao Q, Deng Y, Hu YW, Yang K, Jiang LY, Shan CX, Kuang LM, Jing H. Visualizing Motion Trail via Phosphorescence Carbon Nanodots-Based Delay Display Array. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26643-26652. [PMID: 38716902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
A scene that contains both old and instant events with a clear motion trail is visually intriguing and dynamic, which can convey a sense of change, transition, or evolution. Developing an eco-friendly delay display system offers a powerful tool for fusing old and instant events, which can be used for visualizing motion trails. Herein, we brighten triplet excitons of carbon nanodots (CNDs) and increase their emission yield by a multidimensional confinement strategy, and the CND-based delay display array is demonstrated. The intense confinement effects via multidimensional confinement strategy suppress nonradiative transitions, and 240% enhancement in the phosphorescence efficiency and 260% enhancement in the lifetime of the CNDs are thus realized. Considering their distinctive phosphorescence performances, a delay display array containing a 4 × 4 CND-based delay lighting device is demonstrated, which can provide ultralong phosphorescence over 7 s, and the motion that occurred in different timelines is recorded clearly. This finding will motivate the investigation of phosphorescent CNDs in motion trail recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chuan Liang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hao-Chun Shao
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Li-Ying Jiang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Le-Man Kuang
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Liu Y, Cheng D, Wang B, Yang J, Hao Y, Tan J, Li Q, Qu S. Carbon Dots-Inked Paper with Single/Two-Photon Excited Dual-Mode Thermochromic Afterglow for Advanced Dynamic Information Encryption. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403775. [PMID: 38738804 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Achieving thermochromic afterglow (TCAG) in a single material for advanced information encryption remains a significant challenge. Herein, TCAG in carbon dots (CDs)-inked paper (CDs@Paper) is achieved by tuning the temperature-dependent dual-mode afterglow of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The CDs are synthesized through thermal treatment of levofloxacin in melting boric acid with postpurification via dialysis. CDs@Paper exhibit both TCAG and excitation-dependent afterglow color properties. The TCAG of CDs@Paper exhibits dynamic color changes from blue at high temperatures to yellow at low temperatures by adjusting the proportion of the temperature-dependent TADF and phosphorescence. Notably, two-photon afterglow in CDs-based afterglow materials and time-dependent two-photon afterglow colors are achieved for the first time. Moreover, leveraging the opposite emission responses of phosphorescence and TADF to temperature, CDs@Paper demonstrate TCAG with temperature-sensing capabilities across a wide temperature range. Furthermore, a CDs@Paper-based 3D code containing color and temperature information is successfully developed for advanced dynamic information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Liu
- Joint Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering (IAPME), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
| | - Dengke Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bingzhe Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering (IAPME), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
| | - Junxiang Yang
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
| | - Yiming Hao
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
| | - Jing Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qijun Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Songnan Qu
- Joint Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering (IAPME), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999067, China
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6
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Zhang L, Bian Z, Hu G. A carbon dot-based time-dependent color-changing room temperature phosphorescent material with facile synthesis. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4779. [PMID: 38769873 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent optical properties and so on and are therefore used in various fields such as anti-counterfeiting. There are many reports on carbon dot-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials, but there are still fewer reports on carbon dot-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials with time-dependent color-changing properties. In this work, a time-dependent color-changing carbon dot-based room-temperature phosphorescent material with the ability to change from green to blue was successfully prepared by a simple one-pot heating method using hydroxyurea as the only raw material. In this process, hydroxyurea is used as both a carbon and nitrogen source, and in the process of material formation, hydroxyurea also partially forms cyanuric acid as a matrix to make the carbon dots uniformly dispersed in it. By blending the ratio of the dual emission centers of the carbon dots themselves, the final effect of time-dependent color-changing is achieved by taking advantage of the intensity changes and color differences of each emission center. The present work provides new ideas for the preparation of time-dependent color-changing carbon dot-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhentao Bian
- Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guangzhou Hu
- Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
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7
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Zhou Y, Zhang P, Liu Z, Yan W, Gao H, Liang G, Qin W. Sunlight-Activated Hour-Long Afterglow from Transparent and Flexible Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312439. [PMID: 38281100 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Afterglow materials featuring long emission durations ranging from milliseconds to hours have garnered increasing interest owing to their potential applications in sensing, bioimaging, and anti-counterfeiting. Unfortunately, polymeric materials rarely exhibit afterglow properties under ambient conditions because of the rapid nonradiative decay rate of triplet excitons. In this study, hour-long afterglow (HLA) polymer films are fabricated using a facile molecular doping strategy. Flexible and transparent polymer films emitted a bright afterglow lasting over 11 h at room temperature in air, which is one of the best performances among the organic afterglow materials reported to date. Intriguingly, HLA polymer films can be activated by sunlight, and their cyan afterglow in air can be readily observed by the naked eye. Moreover, the HLA color of the polymer films could be tuned from cyan to red through the Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism. Their application in flexible displays and information storage has also been demonstrated. With remarkable advantages, including an hour-long and bright afterglow, tunable afterglow colors, superior flexibility and transparency, and ease of fabrication, the HLA polymer paves the way for the practical application of afterglow materials in the engineering sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Zhou
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wenqing Yan
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haiyang Gao
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Guodong Liang
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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8
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Zheng GS, Shen CL, Niu CY, Lou Q, Jiang TC, Li PF, Shi XJ, Song RW, Deng Y, Lv CF, Liu KK, Zang JH, Cheng Z, Dong L, Shan CX. Photooxidation triggered ultralong afterglow in carbon nanodots. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2365. [PMID: 38491012 PMCID: PMC10943204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It remains a challenge to obtain biocompatible afterglow materials with long emission wavelengths, durable lifetimes, and good water solubility. Herein we develop a photooxidation strategy to construct near-infrared afterglow carbon nanodots with an extra-long lifetime of up to 5.9 h, comparable to that of the well-known rare-earth or organic long-persistent luminescent materials. Intriguingly, size-dependent afterglow lifetime evolution from 3.4 to 5.9 h has been observed from the carbon nanodots systems in aqueous solution. With structural/ultrafast dynamics analysis and density functional theory simulations, we reveal that the persistent luminescence in carbon nanodots is activated by a photooxidation-induced dioxetane intermediate, which can slowly release and convert energy into luminous emission via the steric hindrance effect of nanoparticles. With the persistent near-infrared luminescence, tissue penetration depth of 20 mm can be achieved. Thanks to the high signal-to-background ratio, biological safety and cancer-specific targeting ability of carbon nanodots, ultralong-afterglow guided surgery has been successfully performed on mice model to remove tumor tissues accurately, demonstrating potential clinical applications. These results may facilitate the development of long-lasting luminescent materials for precision tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Song Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chun-Yao Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Tian-Ci Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shi
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Run-Wei Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chao-Fan Lv
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Li Q, Zhao H, Yang D, Meng S, Gu H, Xiao C, Li Y, Cheng D, Qu S, Zeng H, Zhu X, Tan J, Ding J. Direct in Situ Fabrication of Multicolor Afterglow Carbon Dot Patterns with Transparent and Traceless Features via Laser Direct Writing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3028-3035. [PMID: 38411557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Multicolor afterglow patterns with transparent and traceless features are important for the exploration of new functionalities and applications. Herein, we report a direct in situ patterning technique for fabricating afterglow carbon dots (CDs) based on laser direct writing (LDW) for the first time. We explore a facile step-scanning method that reduces the heat-affected zone and avoids uneven heating, thus producing a fine-resolution afterglow CD pattern with a minimum line width of 80 μm. Unlike previous LDW-induced luminescence patterns, the patterned CD films are traceless and transparent, which is mainly attributed to a uniform heat distribution and gentle temperature rise process. Interestingly, by regulating the laser parameters and CD precursors, an increased carbonization and oxidation degree of CDs could be obtained, thus enabling time-dependent, tunable afterglow colors from blue to red. In addition, we demonstrate their potential applications in the in situ fabrication of flexible and stretchable optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjia Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Daiqi Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Meng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailing Gu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Xiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengke Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Songnan Qu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Zeng
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianning Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wang B, Wang H, Hu Y, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S. Matrix-Free Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Carbon Dots-Based Electroluminescent Light-Emitting Diodes Exceeding 5.6% External Quantum Efficiency. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2904-2911. [PMID: 38385631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are promising luminescent emission layer materials for next generation electroluminescent light emitting diodes (EL-LEDs) due to their many advantages, such as environmental friendliness, low cost, and high stability. However, limited by the spin-forbidden properties of the triplet transition, it is difficult to improve the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of fluorescent CDs-based EL-LEDs. Meanwhile, traditional thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) CDs prepared using coating strategies are difficult to utilize in EL-LEDs due to the nonconductivity of the coating agent. Herein, we successfully developed matrix-free TADF CDs with yellow emission and achieved a device EQE of 5.68%, which is the highest value reported in CDs-based EL-LEDs. In addition, we also developed white EL-LEDs with an EQE of 1.70%. This study highlights the importance of interactions between precursors in modulating the electroluminescence properties of TADF emitters and provides an effective design principle for matrix-free TADF CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yongsheng Hu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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11
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Yin X, Wei S, Zhai C, Wang B, Zhang H, Wang C, Song X, Sun G, Jiang C. Chiral CDs-based fluorescence sensor for rapid and specific sensing K 4[Fe(CN) 6] in table salt and salted food. Food Chem 2024; 432:137207. [PMID: 37657345 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Potassium ferricyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6]) as anti-caking agent plays an important role in avoiding the formation of chunks for fine particulate solids. However, inappropriate and excessive addition and decomposition of K4[Fe(CN)6] are detrimental to physical health. At present, appropriate strategies for convenient and accurate analysis of K4[Fe(CN)6] in table salt and pickled food are desirable. Herein, an efficient "ON-OFF-ON" fluorescent sensor based on chiral carbon dots was prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The chiral CDs with L-Tryptophan and D-Tryptophan as chiral source were named as L-CDs and D-CDs. Notably, the bright fluorescence of L/D-CDs could be effectively quenched by K4[Fe(CN)6] through dynamic quenching mechanism. This fluorescent sensor achieved excellent sensitive and selective detection of K4[Fe(CN)6] with a limit of detection (LOD) of 25.0 ng·mL-1. In addition, the L/D-CDs could be applied not only for selective fluorescent recognition of K4[Fe(CN)6] by the methods of portable filter paper and hydrogels, but also as fluorescent dye for repeated message encryption and decryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Yin
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Changyu Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Chenzhao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xuewei Song
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Guoying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Chunzhu Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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12
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Wang X, Zhao Q, Song Q, Bu H, Gao J, Li L, Yu X, Yang X, Lu Z, Zhang X. Chemical synthesis of carbon dots with blue, green and red emission for dopamine reversible switching probes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123952. [PMID: 38295594 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) possess the merits such as energy efficiency, green sustainability and environmental friendliness, comparing with top-down synthesis methods at higher pressure or temperature condition. Here, a variety of emission states CDs were prepared by using the method of room temperature chemistry by selecting green raw materials such as glucose, p-phthalaldehyde and m-diethylaminophenol. The luminescence mechanism was studied in detail. The luminescent center of blue emitting carbon dots (B-CDs) and green emitting carbon dots (G-CDs) is CO bond, and the increased contents of CO bond lead to the creation of new energy levels between the energy gaps of HOMO and LUMO levels, which results in the red shift of luminescence wavelength. The emission state of red emitting carbon dots (R-CDs) is due to the formation of amino N. In addition, R-CDs have an exclusive respond to dopamine (DA) and are regarded as good fluorescent probes for detecting DA. Furthermore, the addition of ascorbic acid (AA) restores the luminescence of R-CDs quenched by DA. Therefore, R-CDs has great application potential as a selective fluorescent "turn on-off" probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Qingling Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Qinghong Song
- Tian Jin Medical Union Center, Tianjin 300122, China
| | - He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zunming Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
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13
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Shi M, Gao Q, Rao J, Lv Z, Chen M, Chen G, Bian J, Ren J, Lü B, Peng F. Confinement-Modulated Clusterization-Triggered Time-Dependent Phosphorescence Color from Xylan-Carbonized Polymer Dots. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1294-1304. [PMID: 38054299 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving time-dependent phosphorescence color (TDPC) in organic materials is attractive but extremely challenging due to the nonradiative decay and modulation puzzle of triplet state. Herein, xylan, a hemicellulose waste from the paper mill, was used to construct carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with clusterization-triggered room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). CPDs were endowed with tuneable triplet energy levels by through-space conjugation of heteroatom groups, which could be confined in silica to simultaneously activate surface oxide-related low-energy and cross-linked core N-related high-energy emissive centers. Thus, the blue emissive center with a lifetime of 425.6 ms and green emissive center with a longer lifetime of 1506 ms coexisted in the confined CPDs; the former was the dominant contribution to RTP at first, and the latter became dominant over time, leading to a typical TDPC evolution with large color contrast from blue to blue-green and then to green. Meanwhile, the TDPC could remain unobstructed after the confined CPDs were soaked in water for more than a month. The CPDs were successfully applied in location and deformation imaging of hydrogel and advanced dynamic information encryption and anticounterfeiting. The work may shed new light on the design of TDPC materials and broaden the high-value use of paper-mill waste xylan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichao Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Analytical Instrumentation Center of Peking, Peking University Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gegu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Baozhong Lü
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Yuan T, Teng Q, Li C, Li J, Su W, Song X, Shi Y, Xu H, Han Y, Wei S, Zhang Y, Li X, Li Y, Fan L, Yuan F. The emergence and prospects of carbon dots with solid-state photoluminescence for light-emitting diodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:102-112. [PMID: 37823244 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01292a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The significant features of carbon dots (CDs), such as bright and tunable photoluminescence, high thermal stability, and low toxicity, endow them with tremendous potential for application in next generation optoelectronics. Despite great progress achieved in the design of high-performance CDs so far, the practical applications in solid-state lighting and displays have been retarded by the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect ascribed to direct π-π interactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress made in solid-state CD emitters, including their synthesis, optical properties and applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Their triplet-excited-state-involved properties, as well as their recent advances in phosphor-converted LEDs and electroluminescent LEDs, are mainly reviewed here. Finally, the prospects and challenges of solid-state CD-based LEDs are discussed with an eye on future development. We hope that this review will provide critical insights to inspire new exciting discoveries on solid-state CDs from both fundamental and practical standpoints so that the realization of their potential in optoelectronic areas can be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qian Teng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chenhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jinsui Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wen Su
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xianzhi Song
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Huimin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuyi Han
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Shuyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yunchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Louzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fanglong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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15
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He X, Zheng Y, Hu C, Lei B, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhuang J. The afterglow of carbon dots shining in inorganic matrices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:113-133. [PMID: 37856234 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new type of quasi-spherical and zero-dimension carbon nanomaterial with a diameter less than 10 nm. They exhibit a broad absorption spanning from the ultraviolet (UV) to visible light regions and inspire growing interests due to their excellent performance. In recent years, it was identified that the CDs embedded in various inorganic matrices (IMs) can effectively activate afterglow emission by suppressing the nonradiative transitions of molecules and protecting the triplet excitons of CDs, which hold broad application prospects. Herein, recent advances in CDs@IMs are reviewed in detail, and the interaction and luminescence mechanisms between CDs and IMs are also summarized. We highlight the synthetic strategies of constructing composites and the roles of IMs in facilitating the applications of CDs in diverse areas. Finally, some directions and challenges of future research in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yihao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Chaofan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jianle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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16
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Liang LY, Chen BB, Gao YT, Lv J, Liu ML, Li DW. Aqueous Solution Enhanced Room Temperature Phosphorescence through Coordination-Induced Structural Rigidity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308180. [PMID: 37799108 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving aqueous solution enhanced room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is critical for the applications of RTP materials in solution phase, but which faces a great challenge. Herein, for the first time, a strategy of coordination-induced structural rigidity is proposed to achieve enhanced quantum efficiency of aluminum/scandium-doped phosphorescent microcubes (Al/Sc-PMCs) in aqueous solution. The Al/Sc-PMCs in a dry state exhibit a nearly invisible blue RTP. However, they emit a strong RTP emission in aqueous solution with a RTP intensity increase of up to 22.16-times, which is opposite to common solution-quenched RTP. The RTP enhancement mechanism is attributed to the abundant metal sites (Al3+ and Sc3+ ions) on the Al/Sc-PMCs surface that can tightly combine with water molecules through the strong coordination. Subsequently, these coordinated water molecules as the bridging agent can bind with surface groups by hydrogen bonding interaction, thereby rigidifying chemical groups and inhibiting their motions, resulting in the transition from the nonradiative decay to the radiative decay, which greatly enhances the RTP efficiency of the Al/Sc-PMCs. This work not only develops a coordination rigidity strategy to enhance RTP intensity in aqueous solution, but also constructs a phosphorescent probe to achieve reliable and accurate determination of analyte in complex biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ya Liang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bin Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Ya Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Meng Li Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, China
- Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Da Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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17
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Du F, Yang LP, Wang LL. Synthetic strategies, properties and sensing application of multicolor carbon dots: recent advances and future challenges. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8117-8135. [PMID: 37555267 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01329d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, carbon dots (CDs) as newly developed carbon-based nanomaterials due to advantages such as excellent photostability and easy surface functionalization have generated wide application prospects in fields such as biological imaging and chemical sensing. The multicolor emission carbon dots (M-CDs) were acquired through the selection of different carbon source precursors, change of synthesis conditions and synthesis environment. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the latest research progress in polychromatic CDs from the perspectives of synthesis strategies, luminescent mechanisms, luminescent properties and applications. This review focuses on how to prepare MCDs by changing raw materials and synthesis conditions such as reaction temperature, synthesis time, synthesis pH, and synthesis solvent. This review also presents the optical properties of MCDs, concentration effects, solvent effects, pH effects, elemental doping, and surface passivation on them, as well as their creative applications in the field of sensing applications. It is anticipated that this review will serve as a guide for the development of multifunctional M-CDs and inspire future research on controllable design and preparation of M-CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Du
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Liu-Pan Yang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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