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Qin Z, Zhang T, Gao X, Luo W, Han J, Lu B, Zhou J, Chen G. Self-Reconstruction of Highly Degraded LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 toward Stable Single-Crystalline Cathode. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307091. [PMID: 37857473 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing demand for resources sustainability has promoted the recycle of spent lithium-ion batteries to a strategic position. Direct recycle outperforms either hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical approaches due to the high added value and facile treatment processes. However, the traditional direct recycling technologies are only applicable for Ni-poor/middle cathodes. Herein, spent Ni-rich LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (S-NCM) to performance-enhanced single-crystalline cathode materials is directly recycled using a simple but effective LiOH-NaCl molten salt. The evolution process of the Li-supplement and grain-recrystallization during regeneration is systematically investigated, and the successful recovery of the highly degraded microstructure is comprehensively proven, including significant elimination of Ni2+ and O vacancies. Beneficial from the favorable reconstructed single-crystalline particles, the regenerated NCM (R-NCM) represents remarkably enhanced structural stability, electrochemical activity, O2 and cracks suppression during charge/discharge, thus achieving the excellent performances in long-term cycling and high-rate tests. As a result, R-NCM maintains the 86.5% reversible capacity at 1 C after 200 cycles. Instructively, the present molten salt can be successfully applied for recycling spent NCMs with various Li and Ni compositions (e.g., LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyu Qin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Gao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wuqing Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Bingan Lu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Gen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
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