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Wan J, Wang Y, Liu J, Song R, Liu L, Li Y, Li J, Low J, Fu F, Xiong Y. Full-Space Electric Field in Mo-Decorated Zn 2In 2S 5 Polarization Photocatalyst for Oriented Charge Flow and Efficient Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405060. [PMID: 38760947 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Integration of photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution with oxidative organic synthesis presents a highly attractive strategy for the simultaneous production of clean H2 fuel and high-value chemicals. However, the sluggish dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers across the photocatalysts result in low photoconversion efficiency, hindering the wide applications of such a technology. Herein, this work overcomes this limitation by inducing the full-space electric field via charge polarization engineering on a Mo cluster-decorated Zn2In2S5 (Mo-Zn2In2S5) photocatalyst. Specifically, this full-space electric field arises from a cascade of the bulk electric field (BEF) and local surface electric field (LSEF), triggering the oriented migration of photogenerated electrons from [Zn-S] regions to [In-S] regions and eventually to Mo cluster sites, ensuring efficient separation of bulk and surface charge carriers. Moreover, the surface Mo clusters induce a tip enhancement effect to optimize charge transfer behavior by augmenting electrons and proton concentration around the active sites on the basal plane of Zn2In2S5. Notably, the optimized Mo1.5-Zn2In2S5 catalyst achieves exceptional H2 and benzaldehyde production rates of 34.35 and 45.31 mmol gcat -1 h-1, respectively, outperforming pristine ZnIn2S4 by 3.83- and 4.15-fold. These findings mark a significant stride in steering charge flow for enhanced photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Ru Song
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jingxiang Low
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Feng Fu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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Yin Y, Xiang P, Zhou Y, Meng H, Xiao X, Shao Y, Zhang X, Zhou J, Li Q, Guo C, Ma X, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Jiang B. Creation of Interfacial S 4-Sn-N 2 Electron Pathways for Efficient Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310664. [PMID: 38342707 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Establishing effective charge transfer channels between two semiconductors is key to improving photocatalytic activity. However, controlling hetero-structures in situ and designing binding modes pose significant challenges. Herein, hydrolytic SnCl2·2H2O is selected as the metal source and loaded in situ onto a layered carbon nitriden supramolecular precursor. A composite photocatalyst, S4-Sn-N2, with electron pathways of SnS2 and tubular carbon nitriden (TCN) is prepared through pyrolysis and vulcanization processes. The contact interface of SnS2-TCN is increased significantly, promoting the formation of S4-Sn-N2 micro-structure in a Z-scheme charge transfer channel. This structure accelerates the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, maintains the stronger redox ability, and improves the stability of SnS2 in this series of heterojunctions. Therefore, the catalyst demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency, achieving a reaction rate of 86.4 µmol h-1, which is 3.15 times greater than that of bare TCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Peng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Huiyuan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
- School of Safety Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xudong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yugui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics & Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Chuanyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xuena Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Luoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Baojiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
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An S, Jeong K, Hassan SZ, Ham G, Kang S, Lee J, Ma H, Kwon J, Jeong SY, Yang J, Woo HY, Cho H, Cha H, Son CY, Chung DS. Hydrophilic Photocrosslinkers as a Universal Solution to Endow Water Affinity to a Polymer Photocatalyst for an Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Rate. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309786. [PMID: 38760898 PMCID: PMC11267343 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
A universal approach for enhancing water affinity in polymer photocatalysts by covalently attaching hydrophilic photocrosslinkers to polymer chains is presented. A series of bisdiazirine photocrosslinkers, each comprising bisdiazirine photophores linked by various aliphatic (CL-R) or ethylene glycol-based bridge chains (CL-TEG), is designed to prevent crosslinked polymer photocatalysts from degradation through a safe and efficient photocrosslinking reaction at a wavelength of 365 nm. When employing the hydrophilic CL-TEG as a photocrosslinker with polymer photocatalysts (F8BT), the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rate is considerably enhanced by 2.5-fold compared to that obtained using non-crosslinked F8BT photocatalysts, whereas CL-R-based photocatalysts yield HER rates comparable to those of non-crosslinked counterparts. Photophysical analyses including time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption measurements reveal that adding CL-TEG accelerates exciton separation, forming long-lived charge carriers. Additionally, the in-depth study using molecular dynamics simulations elucidates the dual role of CL-TEG: it enhances water penetration into the polymer matrix and stabilizes charge carriers after exciton generation against undesirable recombination. Therefore, the strategy highlights endowing a high-permittivity environment within polymer photocatalyst in a controlled manner is crucial for enhancing photocatalytic redox reactivity. Furthermore, this study shows that this hydrophilic crosslinker approach has a broad applicability in general polymer semiconductors and their nanoparticulate photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyeok An
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong‐Jun Jeong
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zahid Hassan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Ham
- Department of Energy Convergence and Climate ChangeKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyeon Kang
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeok Lee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjong Ma
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kwon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Han‐Hee Cho
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)Ulsan44919Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Energy Convergence and Climate ChangeKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea
- Department of Hydrogen & Renewable EnergyKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yun Son
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
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Chen J, Xie Y, Yu H, Li Z, Zhou W. Twinned crystal Cd 0.9Zn 0.1S/MoO 3 nanorod S-scheme heterojunctions as promising photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8781-8790. [PMID: 38712881 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00585f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Leveraging solar energy through photocatalytic hydrogen production from water stands out as one of the most promising approaches to address the energy and environmental challenges. The choice of catalyst profoundly influences the outcomes of photocatalytic reactions, and constructing heterojunctions has emerged as a widely applied strategy to overcome the limitations associated with single-phase photocatalysts. MoO3, renowned for its high chemical stability, encounters issues such as low photocatalytic efficiency and fast recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. To tackle these challenges, the morphology of MoO3 has been controlled to form nanorods, simultaneously suppressing the aggregation of the catalyst and increasing the number of surface-active sites. Moreover, to facilitate the separation of photogenerated charge carriers, Cd0.9Zn0.1S nanoparticles with a twin crystal structure are deposited on the surface of MoO3, establishing an S-scheme heterojunction. Experimental findings demonstrate that the synergistic effects arising from the well-defined morphology and interface interactions extend the absorption range to visible light response, improve charge transfer activity, and prolong the lifetime of charge carriers. Consequently, Cd0.9Zn0.1S/MoO3 S-scheme heterojunctions exhibit outstanding photocatalytic hydrogen production performance (3909.79 μmol g-1 h-1) under visible light irradiation, surpassing that of MoO3 by nearly nine fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
| | - Haitao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
| | - Zhenzi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China.
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Aitchison CM, Zhang Y, Lu W, McCulloch I. Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction by topologically matched polymer-polymer heterojunction nanosheets. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:251-262. [PMID: 37965718 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of solar energy into chemical fuel can be achieved through a number of routes but direct conversion, via photocatalysis, is potentially the simplest and cheapest route to the transformation of low-value substances, water and CO2, to useful chemical fuels or feedstocks such as hydrogen, formate, methanol, and syngas. 2D polymers, including carbon nitrides and COFs, have emerged as one of the most promising classes of organic photocatalysts for solar fuels production due to their energetic tunability, charge transport properties and robustness. They are, however, difficult to process and so there have been limited studies into the formation of heterojunction materials incorporating these components. In this work we use our novel templating approach to combine topologically matched imine-based donor polymers with acceptor polymers formed through Knoevenagel condensation. An efficient heterojunction interface was formed by matching the isostructural nodes and linkers that make up the D1 and A1 semiconductors and this was reflected in the increased photocatalytic activity of the heterojunction material T1. Tuning of the templating synthesis route to give heterojunctions with optimised donor : acceptor ratios, as well as the photocatalytic conditions, resulted in CO production rates that were between 1.5 and 10 times higher than those of the individual polymers. A further set of polymers A5 and D5 were developed with more optimised structures for CO2 reduction including increased overpotential for the reduction reaction and the presence of co-catalyst chelating groups. These had increased activity compared to the group 1 family and again showed higher activity for CO production by the templated heterojunction, T5, than either individual component or a physical mixture of the donor and acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Wanpeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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6
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Aitchison CM, McCulloch I. Organic Photovoltaic Materials for Solar Fuel Applications: A Perfect Match? CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:1781-1792. [PMID: 38435046 PMCID: PMC10902810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This work discusses the use of donor and acceptor materials from organic photovoltaics in solar fuel applications. These two routes to solar energy conversion have many shared materials design parameters, and in recent years there has been increasing overlap of the molecules and polymers used in each. Here, we examine whether this is a good approach, where knowledge can be translated, and where further consideration to molecular design is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United
Kingdom
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United
Kingdom
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Zhao W, Tan R, Yang Y, Yang H, Wang J, Yin X, Wu D, Zhang T. Galvanic-Replacement-Assisted Synthesis of Nanostructured Silver-Surface for SERS Characterization of Two-Dimensional Polymers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:474. [PMID: 38257565 PMCID: PMC10819046 DOI: 10.3390/s24020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is a powerful technology in trace analysis. However, the wide applications of SERS in practice are limited by the expensive substrate materials and the complicated preparation processes. Here we report a simple and economical galvanic-replacement-assisted synthesis route to prepare Ag nanoparticles on Cu(0) foil (nanoAg@Cu), which can be directly used as SERS substrate. The fabrication process is fast (ca. 10 min) and easily scaled up to centimeters or even larger. In addition, the morphology of the nanoAg@Cu (with Ag particles size from 30 nm to 160 nm) can be adjusted by various additives (e.g., amino-containing ligands). Finally, we show that the as-prepared nanoAg@Cu can be used for SERS characterization of two-dimensional polymers, and ca. 298 times relative enhancement of Raman intensity is achieved. This work offers a simple and economical strategy for the scalable fabrication of silver-based SERS substrate in thin film analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runxiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Zhong Y, Dong W, Ren S, Li L. Oligo(phenylenevinylene)-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Kagome Lattice for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308251. [PMID: 37781857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown great advantages as photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. However, the effect of linkage geometry and type of linkage on the extent of π-electron conjugation in the plane of the framework and photocatalytic properties of COFs remains a significant challenge. Herein, two Kagome (kgm) topologic oligo(phenylenevinylene)-based COFs are designed and synthesized for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via a "two in one" strategy. Under visible light irradiation, COF-954 with 5 wt% Pt as cocatalyst exhibits high hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 137.23 mmol g-1 h-1 , outperforming most reported COF-based photocatalysts. More importantly, even in natural seawater, COF-954 shows an average HER of 191.70 mmol g-1 h-1 under ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light irradiation. Additionally, the water-drainage experiments indoors and outdoors demonstrate that 25 and 8 mL hydrogen gas could be produced in 80 min under UV-vis light and natural sunlight, respectively, corresponding to a high HER of 167.41 and 53.57 mmol h-1 g-1 . This work not only demonstrates an effective design strategy toward highly efficient COF-based photocatalysts, but also shows the great potential of using the COF-based photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Dong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Longyu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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9
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Ashraf M, Ali R, Khan I, Ullah N, Ahmad MS, Kida T, Wooh S, Tremel W, Schwingenschlögl U, Tahir MN. Bandgap Engineering of Melon using Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301342. [PMID: 37548517 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The uncondensed form of polymeric carbon nitrides (PCN), generally known as melon, is a stacked 2D structure of poly(aminoimino)heptazine. Melon is used as a photocatalyst in solar energy conversion applications, but suffers from poor photoconversion efficiency due to weak optical absorption in the visible spectrum, high activation energy, and inefficient separation of photoexcited charge carriers. Experimental and theoretical studies are reported to engineer the bandgap of melon with highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG). Three HRG@melon nanocomposites with different HRG:melon ratios (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) are prepared. The 1% HRG@melon nanocomposite shows higher photocurrent density (71 µA cm-2 ) than melon (24 µA cm-2 ) in alkaline conditions. The addition of a hole scavenger further increases the photocurrent density to 630 µA cm-2 relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). These experimental results are validated by calculations using density functional theory (DFT), which revealed that HRG results in a significant charge redistribution and an improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashraf
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dharan, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Roshan Ali
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dharan, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Ahmad
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kida
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- Department of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Sanghyuk Wooh
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Chemistry Department, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Udo Schwingenschlögl
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dharan, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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