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Sun Z, Lin X, Wang C, Tan Y, Dou W, Hu A, Cui J, Fan J, Yuan R, Zheng M, Dong Q. Constructing an Interlaced Catalytic Surface via Fluorine-Doped Bimetallic Oxides for Oxygen Electrode Processes in Li-O 2 Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404319. [PMID: 38806164 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries, renowned for their high theoretical energy density, have garnered significant interest as prime candidates for future electric device development. However, their actual capacity is often unsatisfactory due to the passivation of active sites by solid-phase discharge products. Optimizing the growth and storage of these products is a crucial step in advancing Li-O2 batteries. Here, a fluorine-doped bimetallic cobalt-nickel oxide (CoNiO2- xFx/CC) with an interlaced catalytic surface (ICS) and a corncob-like structure is proposed as an oxygen electrode. Unlike conventional oxide electrodes with a "single adsorption catalytic mechanism," the ICS of CoNiO2- xFx/CC offers a "competitive adsorption catalytic mechanism," where oxygen sites facilitate oxygen conversion while fluorine sites contribute to the growth of Li2O2. This results in a change in Li2O2 morphology from a surface film to toroidal particles, effectively preventing the burial of active sites. Additionally, the unique open architecture aids in the capture and release of oxygen and the formation of well-contacted Li2O2/electrode interfaces, which benefits the complete decomposition of Li2O2 products. Consequently, the Li-O2 battery with a CoNiO2- xFx/CC cathode demonstrates a high specific capacity of up to 30923 mAh g-1 and a lifespan exceeding 580 cycles, surpassing most reported metal oxide-based cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Chutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yanyan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenjie Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ajuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiaqing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jingmin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ruming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mingsen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Quanfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
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Ling R, Zhu Z, Peng K, Fang J, Zou W, Li Q, Liu Y, Zhu Q, Lin N, Xu T, Yang Z. Dual-Function Electrolyte Additive Design for Long Life Alkaline Zinc Flow Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404834. [PMID: 38678302 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline zinc-based flow batteries (AZFBs) have emerged as a promising electrochemical energy storage technology owing to Zn abundance, high safety, and low cost. However, zinc dendrite growth and the formation of dead zinc greatly impede the development of AZFBs. Herein, a dual-function electrolyte additive strategy is proposed to regulate zinc nucleation and mitigate the hydroxide corrosion of zinc depositions for stable AZFBs. This strategy, as exemplified by urea, introduces an electrolyte additive to coordinate with Zn2+/Zn with proper strength, slowing zinc deposition kinetics to induce uniform nucleation and protecting the deposited zinc surface from attack by hydroxide ions through preferable adsorption. The zincate complexes with urea are identified to be Zn(OH)2(urea)(H2O)2 and Zn2(OH)4(H2O)4(urea), which exhibit slow zinc deposition kinetics, allowing instantaneous nucleation. Calculation results reveal an additional energy barrier of 1.29 eV for the subsequent adsorption of an OH- group when a urea molecule absorbs on the zinc cluster, significantly mitigating the formation of dead zinc. Consequently, prolonged cell cycling of the prototype alkaline zinc-iron flow battery demonstrates stable operation for over 130 h and an average coulombic efficiency of 98.5%. It is anticipated that this electrolyte additive strategy will pave the way for developing highly stable AZFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Ling
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Junkai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qinshan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ning Lin
- Yongjiang Laboratory, Ningbo, 315202, P. R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Huang S, Li M, Song Y, Xi S, Wu C, Ang ZWJ, Wang Q. A Universal Coulombic Efficiency Compensation Strategy for Zinc-Based Flow Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406366. [PMID: 38870394 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline zinc-iron flow batteries (AZIFBs) are well suited for energy storage because of their good safety, high cell voltage, and low cost. However, the occurrence of irreversible anodic parasitic reactions results in a diminished coulombic efficiency (CE), unbalanced charge state of catholyte/anolyte and subsequently, a poor cycling performance. Here, a universal CE compensation strategy centered around the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the cathodic side, is reported. This strategy aims to equalize the charge state of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4--based catholyte and counteract pH fluctuations. The OER process can be implemented either directly on the electrode through electrochemical reaction or in an external catalytic reactor column via a redox-mediated process. This innovative approach effectively mitigates the gradual accumulation of [Fe(CN)6]3- in discharged catholyte and [Zn(OH)4]2- in charged anolyte by consuming the extra OH- during a continuous cycling process. As a result, AZIFBs demonstrate exceptional cycling performance with an extremely low capacity fading rate of 0.0128%/day (or 0.0005%/cycle) over 600 cycles at 80% state of charge (SOC). The proposed CE compensation strategy not only provides an effective way to address the CE loss issue for AZIFBs, but also can be applied to diverse battery technologies encountering CE loss caused by water/oxygen-induced parasitic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Mengxiao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Yuxi Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy, and Environment (ISCE2), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy, and Environment (ISCE2), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Javier Ang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117580, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Yuan S, Huang X, Kong T, Yan L, Wang Y. Organic Electrode Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion: Mechanism, Characteristics, and Applications. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1550-1563. [PMID: 38723018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusLithium ion batteries (LIBs) with inorganic intercalation compounds as electrode active materials have become an indispensable part of human life. However, the rapid increase in their annual production raises concerns about limited mineral reserves and related environmental issues. Therefore, organic electrode materials (OEMs) for rechargeable batteries have once again come into the focus of researchers because of their design flexibility, sustainability, and environmental compatibility. Compared with conventional inorganic cathode materials for Li ion batteries, OEMs possess some unique characteristics including flexible molecular structure, weak intermolecular interaction, being highly soluble in electrolytes, and moderate electrochemical potentials. These unique characteristics make OEMs suitable for applications in multivalent ion batteries, low-temperature batteries, redox flow batteries, and decoupled water electrolysis. Specifically, the flexible molecular structure and weak intermolecular interaction of OEMs make multivalent ions easily accessible to the redox sites of OEMs and facilitate the desolvation process on the redox site, thus improving the low-temperature performance, while the highly soluble nature enables OEMs as redox couples for aqueous redox flow batteries. Finally, the moderate electrochemical potential and reversible proton storage and release of OEMs make them suitable as redox mediators for water electrolysis. Over the past ten years, although various new OEMs have been developed for Li-organic batteries, Na-organic batteries, Zn-organic batteries, and other battery systems, batteries with OEMs still face many challenges, such as poor cycle stability, inferior energy density, and limited rate capability. Therefore, previous reviews of OEMs mainly focused on organic molecular design for organic batteries or strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of OEMs. A comprehensive review to explore the characteristics of OEMs and establish the correlation between these characteristics and their specific application in energy storage and conversion is still lacking.In this Account, we initially provide an overview of the sustainability and environmental friendliness of OEMs for energy storage and conversion. Subsequently, we summarize the charge storage mechanisms of the different types of OEMs. Thereafter, we explore the characteristics of OEMs in comparison with conventional inorganic intercalation compounds including their structural flexibility, high solubility in the electrolyte, and appropriate electrochemical potential in order to establish the correlations between their characteristics and potential applications. Unlike previous reviews that mainly introduce the electrochemical performance progress of different organic batteries, this Account specifically focuses on some exceptional applications of OEMs corresponding to the characteristics of organic electrode materials in energy storage and conversion, as previously published by our groups. These applications include monovalent ion batteries, multivalent ion batteries, low-temperature batteries, redox flow batteries with soluble OEMs, and decoupled water electrolysis employing organic electrodes as redox mediators. We hope that this Account will make an invaluable contribution to the development of organic electrode materials for next-generation batteries and help to unlock a world of potential energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Fiber Electronic Materials and Devices, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Fiber Electronic Materials and Devices, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Taoyi Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Fiber Electronic Materials and Devices, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Fiber Electronic Materials and Devices, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Fiber Electronic Materials and Devices, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Ahn S, Son M, Singh V, Yun A, Baik MH, Byon HR. Stabilization of Naphthalene Diimide Anions by Ion Pair Formation in Nonaqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4521-4531. [PMID: 38346143 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In redox flow batteries, a compelling strategy for enhancing the charge capacity of redox-active organic molecules involves storing multiple electrons within a single molecule. However, this approach poses unique challenges such as chemical instability by forming radicals, elevated energy requirements, and unsustainable charge concentration. Ion pairing is a possible solution to achieve charge neutrality and engineer redox potential shifts but has received limited attention. In this study, we demonstrate that Li+ can stabilize naphthalene diimide (NDI) anions dissolved in acetonitrile and significantly shift the second cathodic potential close to the first. Our findings, supported by density functional theory calculations and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, indicate that dimeric NDI species form stable ion pairs with Li+. Conversely, K+ ions exhibit weak interactions, and cyclic voltammograms confirm significant potential shifts when stronger Lewis acids and solvents with lower donor numbers are employed. Galvanostatic examinations reveal a single voltage plateau with Li+, which indicates a rapid redox process involving doubly charged NDI2- with Li+. These aggregated ion pairs offer the additional benefits of hindering crossover events, contributing to excellent cyclability, and suppressing undesirable side reactions even after 1000 redox cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmo Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ariyeong Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Byon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Jethwa R, Hey D, Kerber RN, Bond AD, Wright DS, Grey CP. Exploring the Landscape of Heterocyclic Quinones for Redox Flow Batteries. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2024; 7:414-426. [PMID: 38273966 PMCID: PMC10806605 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) rely on the development of cheap, highly soluble, and high-energy-density electrolytes. Several candidate quinones have already been investigated in the literature as two-electron anolytes or catholytes, benefiting from fast kinetics, high tunability, and low cost. Here, an investigation of nitrogen-rich fused heteroaromatic quinones was carried out to explore avenues for electrolyte development. These quinones were synthesized and screened by using electrochemical techniques. The most promising candidate, 4,8-dioxo-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]triazole)-1,5-diide (-0.68 V(SHE)), was tested in both an asymmetric and symmetric full-cell setup resulting in capacity fade rates of 0.35% per cycle and 0.0124% per cycle, respectively. In situ ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies were used to investigate the electrochemical stability of the charged species during operation. UV-Vis spectroscopy, supported by density functional theory (DFT) modeling, reaffirmed that the two-step charging mechanism observed during battery operation consisted of two, single-electron transfers. The radical concentration during battery operation and the degree of delocalization of the unpaired electron were quantified with NMR and EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominic Hey
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | | | - Andrew D. Bond
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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Murata T, Hamasaki M, Morita Y. A benzoquinone-imidazole hybrid organic anolyte for aqueous redox flow batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:878-880. [PMID: 38164888 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04840c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A benzoquinone derivative annelated by two imidazole rings was investigated as an organic anolyte of aqueous redox flow batteries. The anolyte showed a high solubility of 0.18 M in 1 M KOH aqueous solution and exhibited a one-step two-electron reversible redox wave with a half-wave potential of -0.59 V VS. SHE. An aqueous redox flow cell comprising the benzoquinone-imidazole hybrid as the anolyte and potassium ferrocyanide as the catholyte showed an operating voltage of ∼1.1 V and minimum capacity fading of over 220 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan.
| | - Marina Hamasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan.
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Kong T, Li J, Wang W, Zhou X, Xie Y, Ma J, Li X, Wang Y. Enabling Long-Life Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries with a Highly Stable, Low Redox Potential Phenazine Anolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:752-760. [PMID: 38132704 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are considered a promising energy storage technology due to the sustainability and designability of organic active molecules. Despite this, most of AORFBs suffer from limited stability and low voltage because of the chemical instability and high redox potential of organic molecules in anolyte. Herein, we propose a new phenazine derivative, 4,4'-(phenazine-2,3-diylbis(oxy))dibutyric acid (2,3-O-DBAP), as a water-soluble and chemically stable anodic active molecules. By combining calculations and experiments, we demonstrate that 2,3-O-DBAP exhibits a higher solubility, a lower redox potential (-0.699 V vs SHE), and greater chemical stability than other O-DBAP isomers. Then, we demonstrate a long-lasting flow cell with an average discharge voltage of 1.12 V, a low fade rate of 0.0127%, and a lifespan of 62 days at pH 14 using 2,3-O-DBAP paired with ferri/ferrocyanide. The negligible self-discharge behavior also verifies the high stability of 2,3-O-DBAP. These results highlight the importance of molecular engineering for AORFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyi Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yihua Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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9
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Liu X, Li T, Zhang C, Li X. Benzidine Derivatives: A Class of High Redox Potential Molecules for Aqueous Organic Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307796. [PMID: 37389543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of water-soluble redox-active molecules with high potentials is one of the effective ways to enhance the energy density of aqueous organic flow batteries (AOFBs). Herein, a series of promising N-substituted benzidine analogues as water-soluble catholyte candidates with controllable redox potentials (0.78-1.01 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)) were obtained by the molecular engineering of aqueous irreversible benzidines. Theoretical calculations reveal that the redox potentials of these benzidine derivatives in acidic solution are determined by their electronic structure and alkalinity. Among these benzidine derivatives, N,N,N',N'-tetraethylbenzidine(TEB) shows both high redox potential (0.82 V vs. SHE) and good solubility (1.1 M). Pairing with H4 [Si(W3 O10 )4 ] anolyte, the cell displayed discharge capacity retention of 99.4 % per cycle and a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of ∼100 % over 1200 cycles. The stable discharge capacity of 41.8 Ah L-1 was achieved at the 1.0 M TEB catholyte with a CE of 97.2 % and energy efficiency (EE) of 91.2 %, demonstrating that N-substituted benzidines could be promising for AOFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Liu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Changkun Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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