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Mao H, Yang X, Shi Y, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Jin X, Duan P, Zhou J. Radiative energy transfer enabling upconverted circularly polarized persistent luminescence for multilevel information encryption. NANOSCALE 2024; 17:314-321. [PMID: 39575589 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr03819c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2024]
Abstract
Optically active persistent luminescent materials are highly promising for anticounterfeiting applications due to their distinct luminescent features and the ability to display unique optical polarization properties. Despite significant progress in the development of circularly polarized persistent luminescence (CPPL) materials, the fabrication of upconverted circularly polarized persistent luminescence (UC-CPPL) materials remains a considerable challenge. In this study, we present an efficient strategy to construct UC-CPPL materials by embedding upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and phosphors into chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*LC). The system operates through a radiative energy transfer mechanism between the UCNPs and phosphors. Upon excitation by low-energy near-infrared light (980 nm), the UCNPs emit high-energy ultraviolet light, which is effectively transferred to the phosphors, resulting in the emission of circularly polarized persistent visible light. By precisely tuning the photonic bandgap of the chiral N*LC, the UC-CPPL luminescence dissymmetry factor (gUC-CPPL) can be amplified to approximately 0.6. The concept of UC-CPPL was realized through the integration of three advanced optical properties: circularly polarized luminescence, long persistent luminescence, and upconversion luminescence. This integration enables more sophisticated and secure information encryption. The incorporation of upconversion materials facilitates the controlled concealment and selective release of encrypted information, while the multileveled encoding scheme further enhances the complexity and security of the encryption process, achieving true information hiding and encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolai Mao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghong Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Tonghan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xue Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Yanqihu East Rd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101408, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhang G, Zhang W. New Concept on the Generation and Regulation of Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Chemistry 2024:e202404020. [PMID: 39663191 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202404020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has attracted tremendous attention because of its significant application prospect across multiple fields of three-dimensional display, data storage, and information encryption. Chirality and luminescence are two necessary prerequisites for the generation of CPL. However, controlling these two factors simultaneously in a rational manner remains a challenge. Herein, we highlight the recent advances on the rational generation and regulation of CPL through the new concept, named matching rules, mainly including fluorescence-selective absorption, circularly polarized fluorescence energy transfer, and chiral communication between excited state and ground state. An important commonality among these strategies is that they need a good overlap of the corresponding spectra between the luminescent part (fluorescence, phosphorescence, or CPL) and the chiral part (organic, inorganic, or organic-inorganic hybrid materials), which can be contactless and separate. Different from most previous studies, no covalent or noncovalent interactions between the two parts are required, which makes them more facile and convenient. Finally, we summarize the main advantages of these strategies and the current challenges. We expect this concept to offer insightful and novel understanding and inspiration on CPL generation and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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3
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Yao K, Wang Z, Wang P, Li Y, Hu L, Cheng Y, Geng Z. Excitation-Dependent Circularly Polarized Luminescence Inversion Driven by Dichroic Competition of Achiral Dyes in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202420290. [PMID: 39611398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202420290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2024] [Revised: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
The development of stimuli-responsive chiral cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) materials holds significant potential for achieving three-dimensional (3D) anti-counterfeiting and multi-level information encryption. However, constructing phototunable CLCs systems with easy fabrication and fast response remains a great challenge. Herein, we exploit an excitation-dependent CLCs (ExD-CLCs) material by establishing dynamically photoresponsive dichroic competition between two achiral dyes: a negative dichroic dye (SP-COOH) and a positive dichroic dye (Nile Red, NR) within a CLCs medium. The ExD-CLCs exhibits a negative circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signal (glum=-0.16) at 625 nm when excited at 365 nm. Remarkably, under excitation at 430 nm, the CPL signal is inverted, and the glum value increases to +0.26. Notably, the helical superstructure and handedness of the ExD-CLCs remain unchanged during this reversal process. The CPL signal reversal is driven by the dichroic competition between the SP-COOH dimer, which displays strong negative dichroism in its open-ring isomer form and silent negative dichroism in its closed-ring isomer form, and the NR dye, which exhibits static positive dichroism. Leveraging these excitation-dependent CPL properties, the quadruplex numerical anti-counterfeiting using ExD-CLCs is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- School of Chemical and Printing-Dyeing Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 450007, Henan Province, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhentan Wang
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liangyu Hu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongxing Geng
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
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4
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Ren J, He T, Lu H, Wang H, Shao T, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Gull S, Chi Y, Zhong YW, Chen Y, Long G. Tuning the circularly polarized phosphorescence of platinum(II) complexes through a chiral cation strategy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:6089-6097. [PMID: 39315763 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh01105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized phosphorescent (CPP) materials, especially chiral platinum(II) complexes, which combine the advantages of both circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and phosphorescence, show broad potential applications in chiral optoelectronic devices. Developing CPP emitters with both excellent chiroptical properties and high yield is urgently needed. Here, a chiral cation strategy is employed to construct the CPP Pt(II) complexes R/S-ABA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] and R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] through a simple one-step reaction with almost 100% yield. The circular dichroism and CPL spectra confirm that the chirality was successfully transferred to the [Pt(ppy)Cl2]- anion. The luminescence asymmetry factors (glum) are +1.4/-1.8 × 10-3 for R/S-ABA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] and +4.4/-2.8 × 10-3 for R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2]. The stronger chiroptical property of R/S-MBA·[Pt(ppy)Cl2] is attributed to the enhanced chiral structural deformation and better matched electric and magnetic transition dipole moments. This chiral cation strategy is confirmed to efficiently construct CPP Pt(II) complexes, which will accelerate the development of CPP emitters towards commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ren
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tengfei He
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haolin Lu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hebin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tianyin Shao
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yunxin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Sehrish Gull
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guankui Long
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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5
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Zou X, Gan N, Gao Y, Gu L, Huang W. Organic Circularly Polarized Room-Temperature Phosphorescence: Strategies, Applications and Challenges. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202417906. [PMID: 39548951 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202417906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024]
Abstract
Organic circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) plays crucial roles in chemistry and biology for the potential in chiral recognition, asymmetric catalysis, 3D displays, and biological probes. The long-lived luminescence, large Stokes shift, and unique chiroptical properties make organic circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPP) a new research hotspot in recent years. Nevertheless, achieving high-performance organic CPP is still challenging due to the sensitivity and complexity of integrating triplet excitons and polarization within organic materials. This review summarizes the latest advances in organic CPP, ranging from design strategies and photophysical properties to underlying luminescence mechanisms and potential applications. Specifically, the design strategies for generating CPP are systemically categorized and discussed according to the interactions between chiral units and chromophores. The applications of organic CPP in organic light-emitting diodes, sensing, chiral recognition, afterglow displays, and information encryption are also illustrated. In addition, we present the current challenges and perspectives on developing organic CPP. We expect this review to provide some instructive design principles to fabricate high-performance organic CPP materials, offering an in-depth understanding of the luminescence mechanism and paving the way toward diverse practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Nan Gan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yaru Gao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 117543
| | - Long Gu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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6
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Wang X, Yang K, Zhao B, Deng J. Polymeric Cholesteric Superhelix Induced by Chiral Helical Polymer for Achieving Full-Color Circularly Polarized Room-Temperature Phosphorescence with Ultra-High Dissymmetry Factor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2404576. [PMID: 38881334 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPRTP) simultaneously featuring multiple colors and extremely high dissymmetry factor (glum) is crucial for increasing the complexity of optical characteristics and advancing further development, but such a type of CPRTP is still unprecedented. The present work develops an effective and universal strategy to achieve full-color CPRTP with ultra-high glum factors in a polymeric cholesteric superhelix network, which is constructed by cholesteric liquid crystal polymer and chiral helical polymer (CHP). Taking advantage of the high helical twisting power of CHP, the resulting polymeric cholesteric superhelix network exhibits remarkable optical activity. Significantly, by adopting a simple double-layered architectures consisting of the cholesteric superhelix film and phosphorescent films, blue-, green-, yellow-, and red-CPRTP emissions are successfully obtained, with maximum |glum| values up to 1.43, 1.39, 1.09 and 0.84, respectively. Further, a multilevel information encryption application is demonstrated based on the multidimensional optical characteristics of the full-color double-layered CPRTP architectures. This study offers new insights into fabricating polymeric cholesteric superhelix with considerable CPRTP performance in advanced photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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7
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Yang K, Zhang R, Liu Y, Zhao B, Wu Y, Deng J. Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Combined with Chirality-Selective Absorption for Modulating Full-Color and White Circularly Polarized Long Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409514. [PMID: 38987891 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized long afterglow (CPLA) attracts great interests in multi-disciplinary fields with significant potentials in optical multiplexing applications, but achieving full-color and white CPLA is still challenging. The present contribution reports the first success in utilizing circularly polarized phosphorescence energy transfer (CPP-ET) combined with chirality-selective absorption (CSA) to construct full-color and white CPLA materials. Blue CPLA with luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of 3×10-2 is firstly obtained via the CSA effect of chiral helical polyacetylene and blue ultralong afterglow of inorganic phosphor BP. Significantly, full-color and white CPLA films are prepared by simply blending different fluorophores into the blue-CPLA films via CPP-ET. Benefited from the persistent luminescence of BP, the lifetimes of the fluorophores increase from nanoseconds to minutes, and ultralong full-color CPLA emissions lasting for more than 20 min are realized with glum of 10-3. Also noticeably, chiral optoelectronic devices, multi-dimension information encryption and chiral logic gate are developed based on the full-color tunable CPLA-active materials. The established strategy provides a universal platform for future development of CPLA-active materials with great applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Run Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanze Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Youping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Xu XH, Gao RT, Li SY, Zhou L, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Helical polyisocyanide-based macroporous organic catalysts for asymmetric Michael addition with high efficiency and stereoselectivity. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12480-12487. [PMID: 39118633 PMCID: PMC11304732 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01316f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Porous materials have attracted interest due to their high specific surface area and rich functionality. Immobilizing organocatalysts onto porous polymers not only boosts enantioselectivity but also improves the reaction rates. In this work, a series of porous polymers C-poly-3ms with rigid polyisocyanide-carrying secondary amine pendants as building blocks were successfully prepared. And the pore size and optical activity of C-poly-3ms can be controlled by the length of the polyisocyanide blocks due to their rigid and helical backbone. C-poly-3150 demonstrated a preferred left-handed helix with a θ 364 value of -8.21 × 103. The pore size and S BET of C-poly-3150 were 17.52 nm and 7.98 m2 g-1, respectively. The porous C-poly-3150 catalyzes the asymmetric Michael addition reaction efficiently and generates the target products in satisfactory yield and excellent enantioselectivity. For 6ab, an enantiomeric excess (ee) and a diastereomeric ratio (dr) up to 99% and 99/1 could be achieved, respectively. The recovered catalyst can be recycled at least 6 times in the asymmetric Michael addition reaction while maintaining activity and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Hui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui Province China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Run-Tan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Shi-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui Province China
| | - Na Liu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University 1266 Fujin Road Changchun Jilin 130021 P. R. China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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9
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Ding S, Lv X, Xia Y, Liu Y. Fluorescent Materials Based on Spiropyran for Advanced Anti-Counterfeiting and Information Encryption. Molecules 2024; 29:2536. [PMID: 38893412 PMCID: PMC11173752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In daily life, counterfeit and substandard products, particularly currency, medicine, food, and confidential documents, are capable of bringing about very serious consequences. The development of anti-counterfeiting and authentication technologies with multilevel securities is a powerful means to overcome this challenge. Among various anti-counterfeiting technologies, fluorescent anti-counterfeiting technology is well-known and commonly used to fight counterfeiters due to its wide material source, low cost, simple usage, good concealment, and simple response mechanism. Spiropyran is favored by scientists in the fields of anti-counterfeiting and information encryption due to its reversible photochromic property. Here, we summarize the current available spiropyran-based fluorescent materials from design to anti-counterfeiting applications. This review will be help scientists to design and develop fluorescent anti-counterfeiting materials with high security, high performance, quick response, and high anti-counterfeiting level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (S.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (S.D.); (X.L.)
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Yu JX, Duan BH, Chen Z, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Polymers with Circularly Polarized Luminescent Properties: Design, Synthesis, and Prospects. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300481. [PMID: 37955194 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral materials with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have garnered significant attention owing to their distinctive luminescent properties and wide array of applications. CPL enables the selective emission of left and right circularly polarized light. The fluorescence quantum yield and dissymmetry factor play pivotal roles in the generation of CPL. Helical polymers exhibit immense promise as CPL materials due to their inherent chirality, structural versatility, modifiability, and capacity to incorporate diverse chromophores. This Review provides a brief review of the synthesis of CPL materials based on helical polymers. The CPL can be realized by aggregation-induced CPL of non-emissive helical polymers, and helices bearing chromophores on the pendants and on the chain end. Furthermore, future challenges and potential applications of CPL materials are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Hui Duan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
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11
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Zhang G, Bao Y, Ma H, Wang N, Cheng X, He Z, Wang X, Miao T, Zhang W. Precise Modulation of Circularly Polarized Luminescence via Polymer Chiral Co-assembly and Contactless Dynamic Chiral Communication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401077. [PMID: 38456382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) plays a pivotal role in cutting-edge display and information technologies. Currently achieving precise color control and dynamic signal regulation in CPL still remains challenging due to the elusory relationship between fluorescence and chirality. Inspired by the natural mechanisms governing color formation and chiral interaction, we proposed an addition-subtraction principle theory to address this issue. Three fluorene-based polymers synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation with different electron-deficient monomers exhibit similar structures and UV/Vis absorption, but distinct fluorescence emissions due to intramolecular charge transfer. Based on this, precise-color CPL-active films are obtained through quantitative supramolecular co-assembly directed by addition principle. Particularly, an ideal white-emitting CPL film (CIE coordinates: (0.33, 0.33)) is facilely fabricated with a high quantum yield of 80.8 % and a dissymmetry factor (glum) of 1.4×10-2. Structural analysis reveals that the ordered stacking orientation favors higher glum. Furthermore, to address the dynamically regulated challenge, the comparable subtraction principle is proposed, involving a contactless chiral communication between excited and ground states. The representative system consisting of as-prepared fluorene-based polymers and chirality-selective absorption azobenzene (Azo)-containing polymers is constructed, achieving CPL weakening, reversal, and enhancement. Finally, a switchable quick response code is realized based on trans-cis isomerization of Azo moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yinglong Bao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nianwei Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zixiang He
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tengfei Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China
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Zhong H, Gao X, Zhao B, Deng J. "Matching Rule" for Generation, Modulation and Amplification of Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1188-1201. [PMID: 38578919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) generated by chiral luminescent systems has sparked enormous attention in multidisciplinary field as it brings infinite potential for applications, such as 3D optical displays, biological probes, and chiroptical sensors. Satisfying both the conditions of chirality and luminescence (including fluorescence or phosphorescence) is a prerequisite for constructing CPL materials. In this regard, whether in organic, inorganic, or hybrid systems, chiral and luminescent components generally involve effective coupling through covalent or noncovalent bonds. For covalent interactions, such as the copolymerization of chiral and luminescent monomers, although covalent bonds provide high stability for the system, they inevitably involve tedious preparation procedures that connect chirality and luminescence together. For noncovalent bonds, take supramolecular assembly as an example, chiral elements and achiral light-emitting units are chiral transferred through intermolecular interactions, and their advantages include the diversity of luminescent and chiral building blocks, the stimuli responsiveness brought by noncovalent bonds, as well as the potential amplification of CPL signals by coassembly. However, the stability of the assembly system may be poor, and the assembly chiroptical performance and morphology are difficult to predict. Gratifyingly, matching rule that do not rely on covalent together with noncovalent interactions allows for the effortless construction, modulation, as well as amplification of CPL systems.In this Account, we overview different strategies based on matching rule, including fluorescence-selective absorption, circularly polarized reflection, and circularly polarized fluorescence energy transfer (CPF-ET). Examples of these strategies are illustrated with a focus on helical polymers in light of their appealing structures and wide uses. For instance, for fluorescence-selective absorption, chiral helical polymers can convert racemic fluorescence light into a circularly polarized one with specific handedness by simply overlapping the helical polymer's circular dichroism (CD) spectra with the luminophore's emission spectra. For circularly polarized reflection, employing the selective reflection of certain handedness's circularly polarized light, the high helical twisting power (HTP) of the helical polymer in the cholesteric liquid crystals (N*-LCs) gives the system high glum. Additionally, for CPF-ET, only the emission spectrum of the donor and the absorption (or excitation) spectrum of the achiral acceptor are required to overlap, and no covalent or noncovalent interactions between the two are required. An outlook for the CPL materials related to matching rule which will avail the optimization and extension of this intriguing approach concludes the Account. We hope that the Account will offer insightful inspiration for the flourishing progress of chiroptical systems and present exciting opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaobin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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13
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Zeng M, Wang W, Zhang S, Gao Z, Yan Y, Liu Y, Qi Y, Yan X, Zhao W, Zhang X, Guo N, Li H, Li H, Xie G, Tao Y, Chen R, Huang W. Enabling robust blue circularly polarized organic afterglow through self-confining isolated chiral chromophore. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3053. [PMID: 38594234 PMCID: PMC11004163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Creating circularly polarized organic afterglow system with elevated triplet energy levels, suppressed non-radiative transitions, and effective chirality, which are three critical prerequisites for achieving blue circularly polarized afterglow, has posed a formidable challenge. Herein, a straightforward approach is unveiled to attain blue circularly polarized afterglow materials by covalently self-confining isolated chiral chromophore within polymer matrix. The formation of robust hydrogen bonds within the polymer matrix confers a distinctly isolated and stabilized molecular state of chiral chromophores, endowing a blue emission band at 414 nm, lifetime of 3.0 s, and luminescent dissymmetry factor of ~ 10-2. Utilizing the synergistic afterglow and chirality energy transfer, full-color circularly polarized afterglow systems are endowed by doping colorful fluorescent molecules into designed blue polymers, empowering versatile applications. This work paves the way for the streamlined design of blue circularly polarized afterglow materials, expanding the horizons of circularly polarized afterglow materials into various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhisheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingmeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaozhan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
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14
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Liu J, Wu JJ, Wei J, Huang ZJ, Zhou XY, Bao JY, Lan RC, Ma Y, Li BX, Yang H, Lu YQ, Zhao Q. Dynamically Modulating the Dissymmetry Factor of Circularly Polarized Organic Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Soft Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319536. [PMID: 38265637 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Achieving circularly polarized organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (CP-OURTP) with a high luminescent dissymmetry factor (glum ) is crucial for diverse optoelectronic applications. In particular, dynamically controlling the dissymmetry factor of CP-OURTP can profoundly advance these applications, but it is still unprecedented. This study introduces an effective strategy to achieve photoirradiation-driven chirality regulation in a bilayered structure film, which consists of a layer of soft helical superstructure incorporated with a light-driven molecular motor and a layer of room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) polymer. The prepared bilayered film exhibits CP-OURTP with an emission lifetime of 805 ms and a glum value up to 1.38. Remarkably, the glum value of the resulting CP-OURTP film can be reversibly controlled between 0.6 and 1.38 over 20 cycles by light irradiation, representing the first example of dynamically controlling the glum in CP-OURTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Huang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhou
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of, Ministry of Education Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ruo-Chen Lan
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Xiang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of, Ministry of Education Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures & Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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15
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Zhou M, Zhang J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Yuan Y, Gong Y, Zhang H. Clustering-Triggered Emission Liquid Crystalline Polymer Bearing Cholesterol: Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300449. [PMID: 37792542 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials with clustering-triggered emission (CTE) characteristic have gradually attracted attention for their unique photophysical properties. However, the majority of reported clusteroluminogens lack chirality and exhibit heterogeneity, making it challenging to achieve a well-defined helical structure necessary for efficient CPL with high dissymmetry factor (glum ). In this paper, chiral liquid crystals are constructed to obtain CTE-based CPL materials with high glum values. Side chain liquid crystal polymer PM6Chol bearing cholesterol clusteroluminogens are designed and synthesized. PM6Chol-coated film and PM6Chol thermal-treated film are also successfully prepared by different film-forming methods. Both the films inherit the CTE characteristic of cholesterol and show excitation wavelength-dependent luminescent behavior. However, the two polymer films exhibit different liquid crystal phase structures, with PM6Chol-coated film being a chiral bilayer smectic C phase and PM6Chol thermal-treated film being an achiral bilayer smectic A phase. Attributed to helical arrangement of cholesterol, PM6Chol-coated film emits efficient CPL with glum values up to 1.0 × 10-1 . For PM6Chol thermal-treated film, no CPL signal is detected due to the absence of helical structure. However, it shows obvious room-temperature phosphorescence with 2.0 s afterglow and 23.9 ms lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Functional Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, China
| | - Jiafan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Functional Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Functional Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310024, China
| | - Yongjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Functional Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, China
| | - Yongyang Gong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Functional Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, China
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