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Kogler M, Olgiati M, Ostermann M, Rachle P, Gahlawat S, Valtiner M, Pichler CM. Bulk-independent surface oxide composition controls the electrochemical performance of high-entropy alloys. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:22565-22575. [PMID: 39206340 PMCID: PMC11348829 DOI: 10.1039/d4ta03619k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Multi-element alloys and high-entropy alloys show promising electrocatalytic behavior for water splitting and other catalytic reactions, due to their highly tunable composition. While preparation and synthesis of these materials are thoroughly investigated, the true reactive surface composition is still not well understood, as it may significantly differ from the bulk composition. Precise knowledge and understanding of resulting surface composition is crucial for effective control of the electrocatalytic performance. In this work, low energy ion scattering spectroscopy was applied to determine the surface oxide composition of a series of Ni-based multi-metallic alloys with Mn, Fe, Co, and Cr under alkaline, neutral and acidic conditions. The composition of the surface oxide was investigated with sub-nanometer depth resolution. In electrochemical tests, good catalytic activity was found for the oxygen evolution reaction, although a strong dependence on the selected reaction conditions was observed. The surface composition under OER conditions deviates significantly from the bulk composition. No significant benefit of high entropy alloying compared with binary or ternary alloys concerning catalytic OER performance was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kogler
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Matteo Olgiati
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Markus Ostermann
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Philipp Rachle
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
| | - Soniya Gahlawat
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Markus Valtiner
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
| | - Christian M Pichler
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria
- Center for Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH 2700 Wr. Neustadt Austria
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Fan X, Li B, Zhu C, Yan F, Zhang X, Chen Y. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped Carbon-Coated Ni 3S 2/MoO 2 Nanowires as Bifunctional Catalysts for Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309655. [PMID: 38243851 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Bifunctional catalysts have inherent advantages in simplifying electrolysis devices and reducing electrolysis costs. Developing efficient and stable bifunctional catalysts is of great significance for industrial hydrogen production. Herein, a bifunctional catalyst, composed of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon-coated trinickel disulfide (Ni3S2)/molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) nanowires (NiMoS@NSC NWs), is developed for seawater electrolysis. The designed NiMoS@NSC exhibited high activity in alkaline electrolyte with only 52 and 191 mV overpotential to attain 10 mA cm-2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Significantly, the electrolyzer (NiMoS@NSC||NiMoS@NSC) based on this bifunctional catalyst drove 100 mA cm-2 at only 1.71 V along with a robust stability over 100 h in alkaline seawater, which is superior to a platinum/nickel-iron layered double hydroxide couple (Pt||NiFe LDH). Theoretical calculations indicated that interfacial interactions between Ni3S2 and MoO2 rearranged the charge at interfaces and endowed Mo sites at the interfaces with Pt-like HER activity, while Ni sites on Ni3S2 surfaces at non-interfaces are the active centers for OER. Meanwhile, theoretical calculations and experimental results also demonstrated that interfacial interactions improved the electrical conductivity, boosting reaction kinetics for both HER and OER. This study presented a novel insight into the design of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Fan
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Bei Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Feng Yan
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xitian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Yujin Chen
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
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Wetzel A, Morell D, von der Au M, Wittstock G, Ozcan O, Witt J. Transpassive Metal Dissolution vs. Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Implication for Alloy Stability and Electrocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317058. [PMID: 38369613 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) are gaining interest in corrosion and electrocatalysis research due to their electrochemical stability across a broad pH range and the design flexibility they offer. Using the equimolar CrCoNi alloy, we observe significant metal dissolution in a corrosive electrolyte (0.1 M NaCl, pH 2) concurrently with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the transpassive region, despite the absence of hysteresis in polarization curves or other obvious corrosion indicators. We present a characterization scheme to delineate the contribution of OER and alloy dissolution, using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) for OER-onset detection, and quantitative chemical analysis with inductively coupled-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ultraviolet visible light (UV/Vis) spectrometry to elucidate metal dissolution processes. In situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) revealed that the transpassive metal dissolution on CrCoNi is dominated by intergranular corrosion. These results have significant implications for the stability of MPEAs in corrosion systems, emphasizing the necessity of analytically determining metal ions released from MPEA electrodes into the electrolyte when evaluating Faradaic efficiencies of OER catalysts. The release of transition metal ions not only reduces the Faradaic efficiency of electrolyzers but may also cause poisoning and degradation of membranes in electrochemical reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Wetzel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und, Prüfung (BAM) Institution, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl v. Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstrasse 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Morell
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und, Prüfung (BAM) Institution, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus von der Au
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und, Prüfung (BAM) Institution, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunther Wittstock
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl v. Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstrasse 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ozlem Ozcan
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und, Prüfung (BAM) Institution, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Witt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und, Prüfung (BAM) Institution, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
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Tang J, Huang J, Zhang S, Liu Z, Xiao J. Cr doping and heterostructure-accelerated NiFe LDH reaction kinetics assist the MoS 2 oxygen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3650-3658. [PMID: 38284814 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Although molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has garnered significant interest as a potential catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), its poor intrinsic activity and few marginal active spots restrict its electrocatalytic activity. Herein, we successfully constructed a catalyst via a simple hydrothermal method by forming a heterostructure of MoS2 with Cr-doped nickel-iron hydroxide (NiFe LDH) to synthesize a MoS2/NiFeCr LDH catalyst to significantly improve the OER catalytic performance. MoS2 plays a crucial function as an electron transport channel in the MoS2/NiFeCr LDH heterostructure, which increases the electron transport rate. Furthermore, a larger active surface area for NiFeCr LDH is provided by the ultrathin layered structure of MoS2, increasing the number of active sites and encouraging the OER. On the other hand, the introduction of Cr element increased the density of the catalytic center and provided additional Cr-OH active sites, which accelerated the oxygen decomposition reaction. These two factors act synergistically to improve the intrinsic structure of MoS2, increase the number of reactive sites, and dramatically enhance the OER catalytic performance. Excellent OER activity is demonstrated by the MoS2/NiFeCr LDH catalyst, which only needs an overpotential of 224 mV to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 61 mV dec-1. The catalyst also demonstrated outstanding stability, with its activity practically holding steady after 48 h of testing. This work offers novel ideas for enhancing and designing MoS2-based OER catalysts, and it provides a crucial reference for research in the field of clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, P R China.
| | - Jinzhao Huang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, P R China.
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, P R China.
| | - Zehui Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, P R China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271000, Shandong Province, P R China.
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Peng S, Liu D, An K, Ying Z, Chen M, Feng J, Lo KH, Pan H. n-Si/SiO x /CoO x -Mo Photoanode for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304376. [PMID: 37649206 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Green hydrogen is considered to be the key for solving the emerging energy and environmental issues. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) process for the production of green hydrogen has been widely investigated because solar power is clean and renewable. However, mass production in this way is still far away from reality. Here, a Si photoanode is reported with CoOx as co-catalyst for efficient water oxidation. It is found that a high photovoltage of 350 mV can be achieved in 1.0 m K3 BO3 . Importantly, the photovoltage can be further increased to 650 mV and the fill factor of 0.62 is obtained in 1.0 m K3 BO3 by incorporating Mo into CoOx . The Mo-incorporated photoanode is also highly stable. It is shown that the incorporation of Mo can reduce the particle size of co-catalyst on the Si surface, improve the particle-distribution uniformity, and increase the density of particles, which can effectively enhance the light absorption and the electrochemical active surface area. Importantly, the Mo-incorporation results in high energy barrier in the heterojunction. All of these factors are attributed to improved the PEC performance. These findings may provide new strategies to maximize the solar-to-fuel efficiency by tuning the co-catalysts on the Si surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Peng
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
| | - Keyu An
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
| | - Zhiqin Ying
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo City, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Mingpeng Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Jinxian Feng
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
| | - Kin Ho Lo
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao S. A. R., 999078, China
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