1
|
Wang C, Xie Z, Wang Y, Ding Y, Leung MKH, Ng YH. Defects of Metal Halide Perovskites in Photocatalytic Energy Conversion: Friend or Foe? ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402471. [PMID: 38828743 PMCID: PMC11304286 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic solar-to-fuel conversion over metal halide perovskites (MHPs) has recently attracted much attention, while the roles of defects in MHPs are still under debate. Specifically, the mainstream viewpoint is that the defects are detrimental to photocatalytic performance, while some recent studies show that certain types of defects contribute to photoactivity enhancement. However, a systematic summary of why it is contradictory and how the defects in MHPs affect photocatalytic performance is still lacking. In this review, the innovative roles of defects in MHP photocatalysts are highlighted. First, the origins of defects in MHPs are elaborated, followed by clarifying certain benefits of defects in photocatalysts including optical absorption, charge dynamics, and surface reaction. Afterward, the recent progress on defect-related MHP photocatalysis, i.e., CO2 reduction, H2 generation, pollutant degradation, and organic synthesis is systematically discussed and critically appraised, putting emphasis on their beneficial effects. With defects offering peculiar sets of merits and demerits, the personal opinion on the ongoing challenges is concluded and outlining potentially promising opportunities for engineering defects on MHP photocatalysts. This critical review is anticipated to offer a better understanding of the MHP defects and spur some inspiration for designing efficient MHP photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wang
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SAR999077China
| | - Zhirun Xie
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SAR999077China
| | - Yannan Wang
- Department of Materials EngineeringKU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 44Leuven3001Belgium
| | - Yang Ding
- College of Materials and Environmental EngineeringHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Michael K. H. Leung
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SAR999077China
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SAR999077China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shen C, Ye T, Yang P, Chen G. All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells: Defect Regulation and Emerging Applications in Extreme Environments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401498. [PMID: 38466354 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
All-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), such as CsPbX3, have garnered considerable attention recently, as they exhibit superior thermodynamic and optoelectronic stabilities compared to the organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CsPbX3 PSCs is generally lower than that of organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs, as they contain higher defect densities at the interface and within the perovskite light-absorbing layers, resulting in higher non-radiative recombination and voltage loss. Consequently, defect regulation has been adopted as an important strategy to improve device performance and stability. This review aims to comprehensively summarize recent progresses on the defect regulation in CsPbX3 PSCs, as well as their cutting-edge applications in extreme scenarios. The underlying fundamental mechanisms leading to the defect formation in the crystal structure of CsPbX3 PSCs are firstly discussed, and an overview of literature-adopted defect regulation strategies in the context of interface, internal, and surface engineering is provided. Cutting-edge applications of CsPbX3 PSCs in extreme environments such as outer space and underwater situations are highlighted. Finally, a summary and outlook are presented on future directions for achieving higher efficiencies and superior stability in CsPbX3 PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Tengling Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Peixia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Guanying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang B, Chen H, Zhang W, Liu H, Zheng Z, Huang F, Liu J, Liu G, Yan X, Weng YX, Li H, She Y, Chu PK, Xia J. Semimetallic Bismuthene with Edge-Rich Dangling Bonds: Broad-Spectrum-Driven and Edge-Confined Electron Enhancement Boosting CO 2 Hydrogenation Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312676. [PMID: 38290714 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum-driven high-performance artificial photosynthesis is quite challenging. Herein, atomically ultrathin bismuthene with semimetallic properties is designed and demonstrated for broad-spectrum (ultraviolet-visible-near infrared light) (UV-vis-NIR)-driven photocatalytic CO2 hydrogenation. The trap states in the bandgap produced by edge dangling bonds prolong the lifetime of the photogenerated electrons from 90 ps in bulk Bi to 1650 ps in bismuthine, and excited-state electrons are enriched at the edge of bismuthine. The edge dangling bonds of bismuthene as the active sites for adsorption/activation of CO2 increase the hybridization ability of the Bi 6p orbital and O 2p orbital to significantly reduce the catalytic reaction energy barrier and promote the formation of C─H bonds until the generation of CH4. Under λ ≥ 400 nm and λ ≥ 550 nm irradiation, the utilization ratios of photogenerated electron reduction CO2 hydrogenation to CO and CH4 for bismuthene are 58.24 and 300.50 times higher than those of bulk Bi, respectively. Moreover, bismuthene can extend the CO2 hydrogenation reaction to the near-infrared region (λ ≥ 700 nm). This pioneering work employs the single semimetal element as an artificial photosynthetic catalyst to produce a broad spectral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Fangcheng Huang
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics, and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Gaopeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Xingwang Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huaming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jiexiang Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asghar U, Qamar MA, Hakami O, Ali SK, Imran M, Farhan A, Parveen H, Sharma M. Recent Advances in Carbon Nanotube Utilization in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:529. [PMID: 38675340 PMCID: PMC11051801 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties, halide perovskites have emerged as prominent materials for the light-absorbing layer in various optoelectronic devices. However, to increase device performance for wider adoption, it is essential to find innovative solutions. One promising solution is incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which have shown remarkable versatility and efficacy. In these devices, CNTs serve multiple functions, including providing conducting substrates and electrodes and improving charge extraction and transport. The next iteration of photovoltaic devices, metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), holds immense promise. Despite significant progress, achieving optimal efficiency, stability, and affordability simultaneously remains a challenge, and overcoming these obstacles requires the development of novel materials known as CNTs, which, owing to their remarkable electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, have garnered considerable attention as potential materials for highly efficient PSCs. Incorporating CNTs into perovskite solar cells offers versatility, enabling improvements in device performance and longevity while catering to diverse applications. This article provides an in-depth exploration of recent advancements in carbon nanotube technology and its integration into perovskite solar cells, serving as transparent conductive electrodes, charge transporters, interlayers, hole-transporting materials, and back electrodes. Additionally, we highlighted key challenges and offered insights for future enhancements in perovskite solar cells leveraging CNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Asghar
- Center of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Azam Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Othman Hakami
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Kashif Ali
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O. Box 706, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Humaira Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mukul Sharma
- Environment and Nature Research Centre, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou T, Kuang A. Superalkali halide perovskites with suitable direct band gaps for photovoltaic applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:5130-5136. [PMID: 38358028 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The construction of superalkali halide perovskites has attracted attention for the development of new photovoltaic materials, but stable superalkalis have not been found until now. Herein, to construct new three-dimensional superalkali halide perovskites with a MI3 frame (M = Sn and Pb), a new Li(H2O)3+ superalkali cation is designed and selected based on low vertical ionization potential, suitable tolerance factor, small ionic radius and large dissociation energy. High-throughput first-principles calculations show that superalkalis with lower vertical ionization potentials exhibit stronger interactions with the MI3 frame. The normal and cubic Li(H2O)3MI3 perovskites and cubic Li(H2O)4PbI3 perovskites have direct band gaps, s-p and p-p electron transitions, effective carrier masses of less than 0.45me and exciton binding energies of less than 291 meV. Moreover, the cubic Li(H2O)3PbI3 perovskite with a direct band gap of 1.40 eV can in theory show a power conversion efficiency of 33.49%. These results strongly suggest that superalkali cations with large dissociation energy can be used to develop stable superalkali perovskites for photovoltaic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Structure Optoelectronics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Anlong Kuang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Structure Optoelectronics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|