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Dutta S, Sinelshchikova A, Andreo J, Wuttke S. Nanoscience and nanotechnology for water remediation: an earnest hope toward sustainability. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:885-899. [PMID: 38591932 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution and the global freshwater crisis are the most alarming concerns of the 21st century, as they threaten the sustainability and ecological balance of the environment. The growth of global population, climate change, and expansion of industrial processes are the main causes of these issues. Therefore, effective remediation of polluted water by means of detoxification and purification is of paramount importance. To this end, nanoscience and nanotechnology have emerged as viable options that hold tremendous potential toward the advancement of wastewater treatment methods to enhance treatment efficiency along with augmenting water supply via utilization of unconventional water sources. Materials at the nano level have shown great promise toward water treatment applications owing to their unique physicochemical properties. In this focus article, we highlight the role of new fundamental properties at the nano scale and material properties that are drastically increased due to the nano dimension (e.g. volume-surface ratio) and highlight their impact and potential toward water treatment. We identify and discuss how nano-properties could improve the three main domains of water remediation: the identification of pollutants, their adsorption and catalytic degradation. After discussing all the beneficial aspects we further discuss the key challenges associated with nanomaterials for water treatment. Looking at the current state-of-the-art, the potential as well as the challenges of nanomaterials, we believe that in the future we will see a significant impact of these materials on many water remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Dutta
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48950 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Anna Sinelshchikova
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48950 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Jacopo Andreo
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48950 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48950 Leioa, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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Ferreira N, Kulkarni A, Agorku D, Midelashvili T, Hardt O, Legler TJ, Ströbel P, Conradi LC, Alves F, Ramos-Gomes F, Markus MA. OrganoIDNet: a deep learning tool for identification of therapeutic effects in PDAC organoid-PBMC co-cultures from time-resolved imaging data. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00958-2. [PMID: 38805131 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a challenging disease due to its complex biology and aggressive behavior with an urgent need for efficient therapeutic strategies. To assess therapy response, pre-clinical PDAC organoid-based models in combination with accurate real-time monitoring are required. METHODS We established stable live-imaging organoid/peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultures and introduced OrganoIDNet, a deep-learning-based algorithm, capable of analyzing bright-field images of murine and human patient-derived PDAC organoids acquired with live-cell imaging. We investigated the response to the chemotherapy gemcitabine in PDAC organoids and the PD-L1 inhibitor Atezolizumab, cultured with or without HLA-matched PBMCs over time. Results obtained with OrganoIDNet were validated with the endpoint proliferation assay CellTiter-Glo. RESULTS Live cell imaging in combination with OrganoIDNet accurately detected size-specific drug responses of organoids to gemcitabine over time, showing that large organoids were more prone to cytotoxic effects. This approach also allowed distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy status and measuring eccentricity as organoids' reaction to therapy. Furthermore, imaging of a new organoids/PBMCs sandwich-based co-culture enabled longitudinal analysis of organoid responses to Atezolizumab, showing an increased potency of PBMCs tumor-killing in an organoid-individual manner when Atezolizumab was added. CONCLUSION Optimized PDAC organoid imaging analyzed by OrganoIDNet represents a platform capable of accurately detecting organoid responses to standard PDAC chemotherapy over time. Moreover, organoid/immune cell co-cultures allow monitoring of organoid responses to immunotherapy, offering dynamic insights into treatment behavior within a co-culture setting with PBMCs. This setup holds promise for real-time assessment of immunotherapeutic effects in individual patient-derived PDAC organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Ferreira
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ajinkya Kulkarni
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Agorku
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Teona Midelashvili
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straβe 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Tobias J Legler
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straβe 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fernanda Ramos-Gomes
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Andrea Markus
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
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Rudolph D, Ischyropoulou M, Pfeifer J, Napp J, Schepers U, Alves F, Feldmann C. Cocktail of lipophilic and hydrophilic chemotherapeutics in high-load core@shell nanocarriers to treat pancreatic tumours. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:973-984. [PMID: 38298597 PMCID: PMC10825944 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00720k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
ITC/Toc@Gd2(FLP)3 core@shell nanocarriers with a chemotherapeutic cocktail of lipophilic irinotecan (ITC) as the particle core and hydrophilic fludarabine phosphate (FLP) in the particle shell are realized. They are prepared via a microemulsion approach with ITC dissolved in tocopherol (Toc) as droplet phase and stabilized by water-insoluble Gd2(FLP)3. The synthesis can be followed by zeta-potential analysis. X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and photometry show a drug load of 49 μg per mL ITC and 317 μg per mL FLP at a nanocarrier concentration of 1.5 mg mL-1. Size and structure are evidenced by electron microscopy, resulting in a total diameter of 45 ± 16 nm, an inner core of 40 ± 17 nm, and a shell of 3-8 nm. In vitro studies with different cancer cell lines (i.e., human melanoma/SK-Mel-28, cervical cancer/HeLa, mouse pancreatic cancer/Panc02 and KPC as well as human pancreatic cancer/Capan-1 cells) prove efficient nanocarrier uptake and promising cytostatic efficacy. Specifically for KPC cells, ITC/Toc@Gd2(FLP)3 nanocarriers show an increased efficacy, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50: 4.2 μM) > 10 times lower than the free drugs (IC50: ITC: 47.7 μM, FLP: 143 μM). This points to the synergistic effect of the ITC/FLP drug cocktail in the nanocarriers and may result in a promising strategy to treat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rudolph
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Myrto Ischyropoulou
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Robert-Koch-Straße 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences (MPI-NAT), Translational Molecular Imaging Hermann-Rein-Straße 3 37075 Göttingen Germany
| | - Juliana Pfeifer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Robert-Koch-Straße 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences (MPI-NAT), Translational Molecular Imaging Hermann-Rein-Straße 3 37075 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Robert-Koch-Straße 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences (MPI-NAT), Translational Molecular Imaging Hermann-Rein-Straße 3 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen Robert-Koch-Straße 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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Huang C, Qing L, Xiao Y, Tang J, Wu P. Insight into Steroid-Induced ONFH: The Molecular Mechanism and Function of Epigenetic Modification in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 14:4. [PMID: 38275745 PMCID: PMC10813482 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common refractory orthopedic disease, which is one of the common causes of hip pain and dysfunction. ONFH has a very high disability rate, which is associated with a heavy burden to patients, families, and society. The pathogenesis of ONFH is not completely clear. At present, it is believed that it mainly includes coagulation dysfunction, abnormal lipid metabolism, an imbalance of osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation, and poor vascularization repair. The prevention and treatment of ONFH has always been a great challenge for clinical orthopedic surgeons. However, recent studies have emphasized that the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat steroid-induced ONFH (SONFH) is a promising therapy. This review focuses on the role and molecular mechanism of epigenetic regulation in the progress of MSCs in the treatment of SONFH, and discusses the significance of the latest research in the treatment of SONFH from the perspective of epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand and Microsurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (C.H.); (L.Q.); (Y.X.)
| | - Panfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand and Microsurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (C.H.); (L.Q.); (Y.X.)
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