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Abstract
Nitroxides, also known as nitroxyl radicals, are long-lived or stable radicals with the general structure R1R2N-O•. The spin distribution over the nitroxide N and O atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability of these radicals. The presence of bulky N-substituents R1 and R2 prevents nitroxide radical dimerization, ensuring their kinetic stability. Despite their reactivity toward various transient C radicals, some nitroxides can be easily stored under air at room temperature. Furthermore, nitroxides can be oxidized to oxoammonium salts (R1R2N═O+) or reduced to anions (R1R2N-O-), enabling them to act as valuable oxidants or reductants depending on their oxidation state. Therefore, they exhibit interesting reactivity across all three oxidation states. Due to these fascinating properties, nitroxides find extensive applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, materials science, and organic synthesis. This review focuses on the versatile applications of nitroxides in organic synthesis. For their use in other important fields, we will refer to several review articles. The introductory part provides a brief overview of the history of nitroxide chemistry. Subsequently, the key methods for preparing nitroxides are discussed, followed by an examination of their structural diversity and physical properties. The main portion of this review is dedicated to oxidation reactions, wherein parent nitroxides or their corresponding oxoammonium salts serve as active species. It will be demonstrated that various functional groups (such as alcohols, amines, enolates, and alkanes among others) can be efficiently oxidized. These oxidations can be carried out using nitroxides as catalysts in combination with various stoichiometric terminal oxidants. By reducing nitroxides to their corresponding anions, they become effective reducing reagents with intriguing applications in organic synthesis. Nitroxides possess the ability to selectively react with transient radicals, making them useful for terminating radical cascade reactions by forming alkoxyamines. Depending on their structure, alkoxyamines exhibit weak C-O bonds, allowing for the thermal generation of C radicals through reversible C-O bond cleavage. Such thermally generated C radicals can participate in various radical transformations, as discussed toward the end of this review. Furthermore, the application of this strategy in natural product synthesis will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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2
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Bojaryn K, Hirschhäuser C. Transition Metal Catalyst Free Synthesis of Olefins from Organoboron Derivatives**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104125. [PMID: 35137987 PMCID: PMC9303902 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective preparation of highly substituted olefins is still a severe challenge that requires well defined elimination precursors. Organoboron chemistry is particularly suited for the preparation of molecules with adjacent stereocenters. As organo boron substrates with leaving groups in β‐position can undergo stereospecific syn‐ or anti‐elimination, this chemistry harbors great potential for the synthesis of complex olefins. In recent years three main strategies emerged, which differ in their approach to the β‐functionalized organoboron elimination precursor. (i) Stereoselective preparation of such elimination precursor can be achieved by addition of a boron‐stabilized anion (d1) to an aldehyde or ketone (a1) or diastereoselective 1,3‐rearrangement of suitable boron‐ate‐complexes. Stereospecific methods rely either on (ii) diastereospecific 1,2‐metalate rearrangement of boron‐ate‐complexes that involve opening of appropriate heterocycles or (iii) addition of chiral carbenoids (d1*) to chiral boronates (a1*) with a leaving group in α‐position.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Bojaryn
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - C. Hirschhäuser
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen Germany
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3
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Zhao Y, Yu C, Liang W, Atodiresei IL, Patureau FW. TEMPO-mediated late stage photochemical hydroxylation of biaryl sulfonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2846-2849. [PMID: 35129566 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07057f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The late stage photochemical hydroxylation of biaryl sulfonium salts was enabled with a TEMPO derivative as a simple oxygen source, in metal free conditions. The scope and mechanism of this exceptionally simple synthetic method, which constructs important arylated phenols from aromatic C-H bonds, are herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Congjun Yu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Wenjing Liang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Iuliana L Atodiresei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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4
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Zell D, Kingston C, Jermaks J, Smith SR, Seeger N, Wassmer J, Sirois LE, Han C, Zhang H, Sigman MS, Gosselin F. Stereoconvergent and -divergent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19078-19090. [PMID: 34735129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the development of a method to diastereoselectively access tetrasubstituted alkenes via nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings of enol tosylates and boronic acid esters. Either diastereomeric product was selectively accessed from a mixture of enol tosylate starting material diastereomers in a convergent reaction by judicious choice of the ligand and reaction conditions. A similar protocol also enabled a divergent synthesis of each product isomer from diastereomerically pure enol tosylates. Notably, high-throughput optimization of the monophosphine ligands was guided by chemical space analysis of the kraken library to ensure a diverse selection of ligands was examined. Stereoelectronic analysis of the results provided insight into the requirements for reactive and selective ligands in this transformation. The synthetic utility of the optimized catalytic system was then probed in the stereoselective synthesis of various tetrasubstituted alkenes, with yields up to 94% and diastereomeric ratios up to 99:1 Z/E and 93:7 E/Z observed. Moreover, a detailed computational analysis and experimental mechanistic studies provided key insights into the nature of the underlying isomerization process impacting selectivity in the cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zell
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cian Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Janis Jermaks
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sleight R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Natalie Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jana Wassmer
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lauren E Sirois
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chong Han
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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5
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Buttard F, Sharma J, Champagne PA. Recent advances in the stereoselective synthesis of acyclic all-carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4071-4088. [PMID: 33908457 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alkenes bearing four carbon-based groups are ubiquitous motifs in chemical sciences due to their various applications from medicinal to materials chemistry, and as chemical platforms for the synthesis of complex, chiral molecules. As such, tremendous research efforts are currently ongoing in order to develop general procedures for the challenging stereoselective synthesis of all-carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes, especially for acyclic structures. Since classical approaches to carbon-carbon double bonds are not suitable for the high steric demand around tetrasubstituted alkenes, a variety of unique approaches to access these privileged functional groups have been developed in recent years. This review article highlights the most significant developments in the field from 2007 to 2020, with an emphasis on the mechanisms and remaining limitations of these contemporary methods. Specifically, recent advances in internal alkyne carbofunctionalizations, in multicomponent couplings or other cross-couplings from nucleophilic or electrophilic alkenyl partners, and in the development of miscellaneous methods, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris Buttard
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark (NJ), USA.
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark (NJ), USA.
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark (NJ), USA.
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6
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Nakashima Y, Hirata G, Sheppard TD, Nishikata T. The Mizoroki‐Heck Reaction with Internal Olefins: Reactivities and Stereoselectivities. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusei Nakashima
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringYamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Goki Hirata
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringYamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
| | - Tom D. Sheppard
- Department of Chemistry University College LondonChristopher Ingold Laboratories 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ U.K
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringYamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan
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7
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Dai Q, Zhao B, Yang Y, Shi Y. Pd-Catalyzed Oxidative Heck Reaction of Grignard Reagents with Diaziridinone as Oxidant. Org Lett 2019; 21:5157-5161. [PMID: 31247760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel Pd-catalyzed oxidative Heck reaction with readily available Grignard reagents using di- t-butyldiaziridinone as an oxidant has been developed. Various substituted olefins were obtained in 46-91% yields with high regioselectivity under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipu Dai
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Baoguo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Yihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Yian Shi
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
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Wang J, Wu Q, Gong Q, Cheng K, Liu Q, Yu C, Hao E, Jiao L. Direct β-Selective Styrylation of BODIPY Dyes via Palladium(II)-Catalyzed C−H Functionalization. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbao Gong
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
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Schroeter F, Lerch S, Strassner T. Oxidative and Reductive Cross-Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by an Anionic “Ligandless” Palladium Complex. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schroeter
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Swantje Lerch
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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10
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Hao TT, Liang HR, Ou-Yang YH, Yin CZ, Zheng XL, Yuan ML, Li RX, Fu HY, Chen H. Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Reaction for Stereoselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Olefins: Construction of Blue Luminogens. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4441-4454. [PMID: 29595260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The first Pd-catalyzed multicomponent reaction of aryl iodides, alkenyl bromides, and strained alkenes has been developed, which allowed us to synthesize a variety of multisubsituted olefins in yields of 45-96% with excellent stereoselectivity. The configuration of the product was controlled by the configuration of the alkenyl bromides. Moreover, this practical methodology employing readily available substrates was found to be tolerant to a wide range of functional groups. Fifty six examples of highly stereoselective tri- or tetrasubstituted olefins have been successfully synthesized via this methodology. Most of the synthesized tetrasubstituted olefins are good aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Hao
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Liang
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Han Ou-Yang
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Zhen Yin
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Li Zheng
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Lin Yuan
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xiang Li
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Fu
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
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11
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Parella R, Babu SA. Pd(II)-Catalyzed, Picolinamide-Assisted, Z-Selective γ-Arylation of Allylamines To Construct Z-Cinnamylamines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6550-6567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramarao Parella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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12
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Zhang X, Zeng X, Zhou Z. Synthesis of Stereodefined Multi-Functionalized Tetrasubstituted Olefins via a Catalyst-Free Oxidative Coupling Strategy and Their Application for Hpochlorite Anion Detection. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xianshun Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices; Tianjin Universityof Technology; Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Zhenghong Zhou
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300071 China
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13
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Li Y, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Studer A. Sulfonium Ylides by (3+2) Cycloaddition of Arynes with Vinyl Sulfides: Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14435-14438. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Li
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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14
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Li Y, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Studer A. Schwefelylide durch (3+2)-Cycloaddition von Arinen mit Vinylsulfiden - stereoselektive Synthese hoch substituierter Alkene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Li
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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15
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Guo W, Martínez-Rodríguez L, Kuniyil R, Martin E, Escudero-Adán EC, Maseras F, Kleij AW. Stereoselective and Versatile Preparation of Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Allylic Amine Scaffolds under Mild Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11970-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Guo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Rodríguez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eddy Martin
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo C. Escudero-Adán
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Recent progress in transition metal-catalyzed stereoselective synthesis of acyclic all-carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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17
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Lasch R, Fehler SK, Heinrich MR. Hydrogen Peroxide Promoted Mizoroki–Heck Reactions of Phenyldiazenes with Acrylates, Acrylamides, and Styrenes. Org Lett 2016; 18:1586-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Lasch
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie K. Fehler
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Rousée K, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S, Pannecoucke X. Stereospecific Synthesis of Tri- and Tetrasubstituted α-Fluoroacrylates by Mizoroki–Heck Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:540-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rousée
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouillon
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Samuel Couve-Bonnaire
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
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19
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Yan J, He G, Yan F, Zhang J, Zhang G. The dicarbonylation of indoles via Friedel–Crafts reaction with dicarbonyl nitrile generated in situ and retro-cyanohydrination. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of indole and β-carbonyl nitrile to generate dicarbonyl indoles has been developed. This process involves α-oxonation of the β-carbonyl nitrile, Friedel–Crafts reaction with indoles and retro-cyanohydrination form dicarbonyl indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Guangjie He
- Department of Forensic Medicine
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Fulin Yan
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Jixia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
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20
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Jafarpour F, Shamsianpour M. Palladium-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of maleimides with simple arenes: a fast track to highly substituted maleimides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24420c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of PivOH/TFA, accelerates an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed CDC diarylation of unfunctionalized maleimides with simple arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafarpour
- School of Chemistry
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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21
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Jia Z, Wang K, Li T, Tan B, Gu Y. Functionalized hypercrosslinked polymers with knitted N-heterocyclic carbene–copper complexes as efficient and recyclable catalysts for organic transformations. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy02260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene–copper complex supported on hypercrosslinked polymers was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods, displaying very good catalytic activity in many organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
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22
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Gigant N, Quintin F, Bäckvall JE. Preparation of tetrasubstituted olefins using mono or double aerobic direct C-H functionalization strategies: importance of steric effects. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2796-803. [PMID: 25653084 PMCID: PMC4354172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel protocol for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted olefins through a biomimetic approach has been explored. Both mono- and diarylations were performed under ambient oxygen pressure, giving a range of highly hindered tetrasubstituted alkenes. For diarylation of disubstituted substrates, it was demonstrated that the second arylation is the rate-limiting step of the overall transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gigant
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Yan J, Ni T, Yan F, Zhang J, Zhuang F. Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with vicinal tricarbonyl compounds generated in situ from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and TEMPO: highly selective synthesis of tertiary alcohols. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with vicinal tricarbonyl compounds generated in situ has been developed, forming indolyl tertiary alcohols. The process involves disproportionation of TEMPO, α-oxyamination, N–O bond cleavage and, finally, addition of the indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yan
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Tianjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Fulin Yan
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Jixia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
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24
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Huang L, Wang Q, Wu W, Jiang H. Palladium/Copper Bimetallic System-Mediated Cross-Coupling of Alkynes and Alkenes: Two Strategies to Suppress β-H Elimination on Alkyl-Palladium Center. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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