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Raya-Barón Á, Mazarío J, Mencia G, Fazzini PF, Chaudret B. l-Lysine Stabilized FeNi Nanoparticles for the Catalytic Reduction of Biomass-Derived Substrates in Water Using Magnetic Induction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202300009. [PMID: 36877569 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of biomass-derived compounds gives access to valuable chemicals from renewable sources, circumventing the use of fossil feedstocks. Herein, we describe the use of iron-nickel magnetic nanoparticles for the reduction of biomass model compounds in aqueous media under magnetic induction. Nanoparticles with a hydrophobic ligand (FeNi3 -PA, PA=palmitic acid) have been employed successfully, and their catalytic performance is intended to improve by ligand exchange with lysine (FeNi3 -Lys and FeNi3 @Ni-Lys NPs) to enhance water dispersibility. All three catalysts have been used to hydrogenate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan with complete selectivity and almost quantitative yields, using 3 bar of H2 and a magnetic field of 65 mT in water. These catalysts have been recycled up to 10 times maintaining high conversions. Under the same conditions, levulinic acid has been hydrogenated to γ-valerolactone, and 4'-hydroxyacetophenone hydrodeoxygenated to 4-ethylphenol, with conversions up to 70 % using FeNi3 -Lys, and selectivities above 85 % in both cases. This promising catalytic system improves biomass reduction sustainability by avoiding noble metals and expensive ligands, increasing energy efficiency via magnetic induction heating, using low H2 pressure, and proving good reusability while working in an aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Raya-Barón
- Université de Toulouse, UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Jaime Mazarío
- Université de Toulouse, UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Gabriel Mencia
- Université de Toulouse, UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Pier-Francesco Fazzini
- Université de Toulouse, UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Université de Toulouse, UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
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2
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O'Brien M, Moraru R. An Automated Computer-Vision "Bubble-Counting" Technique to Characterise CO 2 Dissolution into an Acetonitrile Flow Stream in a Teflon AF-2400 Tube-in-Tube Flow Device. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200167. [PMID: 35997644 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A Teflon AF-2400 based tube-in-tube device was used to generate flow streams of CO2 in acetonitrile and a computer-vision based 'bubble counting' technique was used to estimate the amount of CO2 that had passed into solution whilst in the tube-in-tube device by quantifying the amount of CO2 that left solution (forming separate gas-phase segments) downstream of the back-pressure regulator. For both CO2 pressures used, there appeared to be a minimum residence time below which no CO2 was observed to leave solution. This was assumed to be due to residual CO2 below (or close to) the saturation concentration at atmospheric pressure and, by taking this into account, we were able to fit curves corresponding to simple gradient-driven diffusion and which closely matched previously obtained colorimetric titration data for the same system. The estimated value for the residual concentration of CO2 (0.37 M) is higher than, but in reasonable general correspondence with, saturation concentrations previously reported for CO2 in acetonitrile (0.27 M).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O'Brien
- The Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele, Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Ruxandra Moraru
- The Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele, Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
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3
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Kon Y, Nakashima T, Onozawa SY, Sato K, Kobayashi S. Switchable Synthesis of Aldehydes and Carboxylic Acids from Alcohols by Platinum‐Catalysed Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Using Flow Reactors. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kon
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) JAPAN
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) JAPAN
| | - Syun-ya Onozawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) JAPAN
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology JAPAN
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4
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Research Progress on Magnetic Catalysts and Its Application in Hydrogen Production Area. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15155327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The noncontact heating technology of IH targets heat directly where it is needed through the electromagnetic energy adsorption and conversion of magnetic materials. Unlike conventional heating methods, the heat generated by electromagnetic induction of magnetic materials can be applied directly into the reactor without heating the entire device; this new heating method is not only more energy efficient but also safer, cleaner and more sustainable if renewable electricity is adopted; moreover, magnetic catalysts can be recovered and reused by separating chemical reactants and products from the catalyst by the application of a magnetic field, and it can provide the required heat source for the reaction without altering its catalytic properties. Magnetic catalysts with an electric field have been applied to some industrial areas, such as the preparation of new materials, catalytic oxidation reactions, and high-temperature heat absorption reactions. It is a trend that is used in the hydrogen production process, especially the endothermic steam reforming process. Therefore, in this paper, the heat release mechanism, properties, preparation methods and the application of magnetic catalysts were presented. Highlights of the application and performance of magnetic catalysts in the hydrogen production area were also discussed.
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5
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Kuhwald C, Türkhan S, Kirschning A. Inductive heating and flow chemistry – a perfect synergy of emerging enabling technologies. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:688-706. [PMID: 35821695 PMCID: PMC9235909 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inductive heating has developed into a powerful and rapid indirect heating technique used in various fields of chemistry, but also in medicine. Traditionally, inductive heating is used in industry, e.g., for heating large metallic objects including bending, bonding, and welding pipes. In addition, inductive heating has emerged as a partner for flow chemistry, both of which are enabling technologies for organic synthesis. This report reviews the combination of flow chemistry and inductive heating in industrial settings as well as academic research and demonstrates that the two technologies ideally complement each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Kuhwald
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1b, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sibel Türkhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1b, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1b, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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6
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Seemann A, Panten J, Kirschning A. Flow Chemistry under Extreme Conditions: Synthesis of Macrocycles with Musklike Olfactoric Properties. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13924-13933. [PMID: 33899468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Starting from small cyclic ketones, continuous flow synthesis is used to produce medium-sized rings and macrocycles that are relevant for the fragrance industry. Triperoxides are important intermediates in this process and are pyrolyzed at temperatures above 250 °C. The synthesis is carried out in two continuously operated flow reactors connected by a membrane-operated separator. The practicality of flow chemistry is impressively demonstrated in this work by the use of hazardous reagent mixtures (30% H2O2, 65% HNO3) and the pyrolysis of no less problematic peroxides. All new macrocycles were tested for their olfactory properties in relation to musk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Seemann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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7
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Kon Y, Nakashima T, Yada A, Fujitani T, Onozawa SY, Kobayashi S, Sato K. Pt-Catalyzed selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes with hydrogen peroxide using continuous flow reactors. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1115-1121. [PMID: 33438709 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes is a powerful reaction pathway for obtaining valuable fine chemicals used in pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds. Although many oxidants can oxidize alcohols, only a few hydrogen peroxide oxidations can be employed to continuously synthesize aldehydes in high yields using a liquid-liquid two-phase flow reactor, despite the possibility of the application toward a safe and rapid multi-step synthesis. We herein report the continuous flow synthesis of (E)-cinnamaldehyde from (E)-cinnamyl alcohol in 95%-98% yields with 99% selectivity for over 5 days by the selective oxidation of hydrogen peroxide using a catalyst column in which Pt is dispersed in SiO2. The active species for the developed selective oxidation is found to be zero-valent Pt(0) from the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the Pt surface before and after the oxidation. Using Pt black diluted with SiO2 as a catalyst to retain the Pt(0) species with the optimal substrate and H2O2 introduction rate not only enhances the catalytic activity but also maintains the activity during the flow reaction. Optimizing the contact time of the substrate with Pt and H2O2 using a flow reactor is important to proceed with the selective oxidation to prevent the catalytic H2O2 decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kon
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Akira Yada
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Tadahiro Fujitani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Shun-Ya Onozawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan. and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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8
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Han S, Kashfipour MA, Ramezani M, Abolhasani M. Accelerating gas-liquid chemical reactions in flow. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10593-10606. [PMID: 32785297 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03511d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, continuous flow reactors have emerged as a powerful tool for accelerated fundamental and applied studies of gas-liquid reactions, offering facile gas delivery and process intensification. In particular, unique features of highly gas-permeable tubular membranes in flow reactors (i.e., tube-in-tube flow reactor configuration) have been exploited as (i) an efficient analytic tool for gas-liquid solubility and diffusivity measurements and (ii) reliable gas delivery/generation strategy, providing versatile adaptability for a wide range of gas-liquid processes. The tube-in-tube flow reactors have been successfully adopted for rapid exploration of a wide range of gas-liquid reactions (e.g., amination, carboxylation, carbonylation, hydrogenation, ethylenation, oxygenation) using gaseous species both as the reactant and the product, safely handling toxic and flammable gases or unstable intermediate compounds. In this highlight, we present an overview of recent developments in the utilization of such intensified flow reactors within modular flow chemistry platforms for different gas-liquid processes involving carbon dioxide, oxygen, and other gases. We provide a detailed step-by-step guideline for robust assembly and safe operation of tube-in-tube flow reactors. We also discuss the current challenges and potential future directions for further development and utilization of tubular membrane-based flow reactors for gas-liquid processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyong Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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9
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Gyergyek S, Lisjak D, Beković M, Grilc M, Likozar B, Nečemer M, Makovec D. Magnetic Heating of Nanoparticles Applied in the Synthesis of a Magnetically Recyclable Hydrogenation Nanocatalyst. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061142. [PMID: 32532039 PMCID: PMC7353275 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of magnetic nanoparticle-mediated conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat is gaining attention in catalysis as a source of heat needed for a substrate's chemical reaction (electrification of chemical conversions). We demonstrate that rapid and selective heating of magnetic nanoparticles opens a way to the rapid synthesis of a nanocatalyst. Magnetic heating caused rapid reduction of Ru3+ cations in the vicinity of the support material and enabled preparation of a Ru nanoparticle-bearing nanocatalyst. Comparative synthesis conducted under conventional heating revealed significantly faster Ru3+ reduction under magnetic heating. The faster kinetic was ascribed to the higher surface temperature of the support material caused by rapid magnetic heating. The nanocatalyst was rigorously tested in the hydrotreatment of furfural. The activity, selectivity and stability for furfural hydrogenation to furfuryl alcohol, a valuable biobased monomer, remained high even after four magnetic recycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sašo Gyergyek
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.L.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Darja Lisjak
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Miloš Beković
- Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroška 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Miha Grilc
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Marijan Nečemer
- Department for Low and Medium Energy Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Darko Makovec
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.L.); (D.M.)
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10
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Wang W, Tuci G, Duong-Viet C, Liu Y, Rossin A, Luconi L, Nhut JM, Nguyen-Dinh L, Pham-Huu C, Giambastiani G. Induction Heating: An Enabling Technology for the Heat Management in Catalytic Processes. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), UMR 7515 CNRS- University of Strasbourg (UdS), 25, rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Giulia Tuci
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Cuong Duong-Viet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), UMR 7515 CNRS- University of Strasbourg (UdS), 25, rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Yuefeng Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andrea Rossin
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Lapo Luconi
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Jean-Mario Nhut
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), UMR 7515 CNRS- University of Strasbourg (UdS), 25, rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Lam Nguyen-Dinh
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, 54, Nguyen Luong Bang, 550000 Da-Nang, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Pham-Huu
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), UMR 7515 CNRS- University of Strasbourg (UdS), 25, rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Giuliano Giambastiani
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), UMR 7515 CNRS- University of Strasbourg (UdS), 25, rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
- Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
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11
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Hone CA, Kappe CO. The Use of Molecular Oxygen for Liquid Phase Aerobic Oxidations in Continuous Flow. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2018; 377:2. [PMID: 30536152 PMCID: PMC6290733 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-018-0226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen (O2) is the ultimate “green” oxidant for organic synthesis. There has been recent intensive research within the synthetic community to develop new selective liquid phase aerobic oxidation methodologies as a response to the necessity to reduce the environmental impact of chemical synthesis and manufacture. Green and sustainable chemical processes rely not only on effective chemistry but also on the implementation of reactor technologies that enhance reaction performance and overall safety. Continuous flow reactors have facilitated safer and more efficient utilization of O2, whilst enabling protocols to be scalable. In this article, we discuss recent advancements in the utilization of continuous processing for aerobic oxidations. The translation of aerobic oxidation from batch protocols to continuous flow processes, including process intensification (high T/p), is examined. The use of “synthetic air”, typically consisting of less than 10% O2 in N2, is compared to pure O2 (100% O2) as an oxidant source in terms of process efficiency and safety. Examples of homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous (packed bed) catalysis are provided. The application of flow photoreactors for the in situ formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) for use in organic reactions, as well as the implementation of membrane technologies, green solvents and recent reactor solutions for handling O2 are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Hone
- Center for Continuous Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria. .,Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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12
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Dimitriou E, Jones RH, Pritchard RG, Miller GJ, O'Brien M. Gas-liquid flow hydrogenation of nitroarenes: Efficient access to a pharmaceutically relevant pyrrolobenzo[1,4]diazepine scaffold. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Liu Y, Cherkasov N, Gao P, Fernández J, Lees MR, Rebrov EV. The enhancement of direct amide synthesis reaction rate over TiO 2 @SiO 2 @NiFe 2 O 4 magnetic catalysts in the continuous flow under radiofrequency heating. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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O’Brien M. An automated colorimetric inline titration of CO2 concentrations in solvent flow streams using a Teflon AF-2400 tube-in-tube device. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Plutschack MB, Pieber B, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH. The Hitchhiker's Guide to Flow Chemistry ∥. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11796-11893. [PMID: 28570059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1020] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask. Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions. This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow. Until recently, however, the question, "Should we do this in flow?" has merely been an afterthought. This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Plutschack
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Giorgi PD, Elizarov N, Antoniotti S. Selective Oxidation of Activated Alcohols by Supported Gold Nanoparticles under an Atmospheric Pressure of O2
: Batch and Continuous-Flow Studies. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal D. Giorgi
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice; Université Cote d'Azur; Parc Valrose 06108 Nice cedex 2 France
| | - Nelli Elizarov
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice; Université Cote d'Azur; Parc Valrose 06108 Nice cedex 2 France
| | - Sylvain Antoniotti
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice; Université Cote d'Azur; Parc Valrose 06108 Nice cedex 2 France
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17
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Wang LL, Balakrishnan A, Bigall NC, Candito D, Miethe JF, Seidel K, Xie Y, Ott M, Kirschning A. A Bio-Chemosynthetic Approach to Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide-Ansamitocin Conjugates for Use in Magnetic Drug Targeting. Chemistry 2017; 23:2265-2270. [PMID: 27935144 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A combination of mutasynthesis using a mutant strain of A. pretiosum blocked in the biosynthesis of amino-hydroxybenzoic acid (AHBA) and semisynthesis relying on a Stille cross-coupling step provided access to new ansamitocin derivatives of which one was attached by a thermolabile linker to nanostructured iron oxide particles. When exposed to an oscillating electromagnetic field the resulting iron oxide/ansamitocin conjugate 19 heats up in an aqueous suspension and the ansamitocin derivative 16 is released by means of a retro-Diels-Alder reaction. It exerts strong antiproliferative activity (IC50 =4.8 ng mg-1 ) in mouse fibroblasts. These new types of conjugates have the potential for combating cancer through hyperthermia and chemotherapy using an electromagnetic external trigger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Wang
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Asha Balakrishnan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadja-Carola Bigall
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Candito
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Frederick Miethe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Seidel
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Ott
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Borukhova S, Noël T, Hessel V. Hydrogen Chloride Gas in Solvent-Free Continuous Conversion of Alcohols to Chlorides in Microflow. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Borukhova
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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19
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Hartwig J, Kirschning A. Flow Synthesis in Hot Water: Synthesis of the Atypical Antipsychotic Iloperidone. Chemistry 2016; 22:3044-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hartwig
- Institut für Organische Chemie, und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ); Leibniz Universität Hannover; Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institut für Organische Chemie, und Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ); Leibniz Universität Hannover; Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
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20
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Liu Y, Gao P, Cherkasov N, Rebrov EV. Direct amide synthesis over core–shell TiO2@NiFe2O4 catalysts in a continuous flow radiofrequency-heated reactor. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22659k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A core–shell TiO2@NiFe2O4 catalyst showed high activity and stability in direct amide synthesis with easy regeneration from coke by a treatment with a 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Liu
- School of Engineering
- University of Warwick
- Coventry CV4 7AL
- UK
| | - Pengzhao Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | | | - Evgeny V. Rebrov
- School of Engineering
- University of Warwick
- Coventry CV4 7AL
- UK
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry
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21
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Gavriilidis A, Constantinou A, Hellgardt K, Hii KK(M, Hutchings GJ, Brett GL, Kuhn S, Marsden SP. Aerobic oxidations in flow: opportunities for the fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals industries. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00155f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This collaborative review (between teams of chemists and chemical engineers) describes the current scientific and operational hurdles that prevent the utilisation of aerobic oxidation reactions for the production of speciality chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Klaus Hellgardt
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - King Kuok (Mimi) Hii
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | | | | | - Simon Kuhn
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Stephen P. Marsden
- School of Chemistry and Institute of Process Research and Development
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
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22
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Gemoets HPL, Su Y, Shang M, Hessel V, Luque R, Noël T. Liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors. Chem Soc Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00447k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an exhaustive overview of the engineering principles, safety aspects and chemistry associated with liquid phase oxidation in continuous-flow microreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes P. L. Gemoets
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica
- Universidad de Cordoba
- E14014 Cordoba
- Spain
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl J. Mallia
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1
3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R. Baxendale
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1
3LE, United Kingdom
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24
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Ley SV, Fitzpatrick DE, Myers RM, Battilocchio C, Ingham RJ. Machine-Assisted Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10122-36. [PMID: 26193360 PMCID: PMC4834626 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this Review we describe how the advent of machines is impacting on organic synthesis programs, with particular emphasis on the practical issues associated with the design of chemical reactors. In the rapidly changing, multivariant environment of the research laboratory, equipment needs to be modular to accommodate high and low temperatures and pressures, enzymes, multiphase systems, slurries, gases, and organometallic compounds. Additional technologies have been developed to facilitate more specialized reaction techniques such as electrochemical and photochemical methods. All of these areas create both opportunities and challenges during adoption as enabling technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK).
| | - Daniel E Fitzpatrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Rebecca M Myers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Richard J Ingham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
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25
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Ley SV, Fitzpatrick DE, Myers RM, Battilocchio C, Ingham RJ. Maschinengestützte organische Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Greene JF, Preger Y, Stahl SS, Root TW. PTFE-Membrane Flow Reactor for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions and Its Application to Alcohol Oxidation. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jodie F. Greene
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yuliya Preger
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Thatcher W. Root
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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