1
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Das B, Sahoo AK, Banjare SK, Panda SJ, Purohit CS, Doddi A. Dicationic copper(I) complexes bearing ENE (E = S, Se) pincer ligands; catalytic applications in regioselective cyclization of 1,6-diynes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16151-16158. [PMID: 37603440 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01989f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Two novel dicationic binuclear Cu(I) complexes of the type [{(BPPP)E2}Cu]2[BF4]2 (E = S (3a); Se (3b)) bearing (BPPP)E2 (BPPP = bis(diphenylphosphino)pyridine) pincer systems were isolated, and structurally characterized. The solid-state structures of 3a/3b display the presence of intermolecular cuprophilic (Cu⋯Cu) interactions between the two monocationic species, and consist of weak Cu⋯S bonding between the two cations. Besides, complex 3a was introduced as a molecular copper(I) catalyst in cyclization reactions, and new protocols were developed for the synthesis of a series of new oxazole and triazole derivatives bearing alkyne-phenyl propargylic ether substituents. 3a was also found to be active in achieving these two classes of heterocyclic compounds by the mechanical grinding method. One of the key intermediate copper-azide species was detected by the high-resolution mass spectrometry technique, which supports the proposed catalytic pathway. All the reported transformations were accomplished sustainably by employing a well-defined, earth-abundant, and cheap copper(I) catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Engineering School Road, Ganjam, 760010, Odisha, India.
| | - Amiya Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Engineering School Road, Ganjam, 760010, Odisha, India.
| | - Shyam Kumar Banjare
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Subhra Jyoti Panda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Purohit
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Adinarayana Doddi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Engineering School Road, Ganjam, 760010, Odisha, India.
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2
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Cheng L, Li D, Mai BK, Bo Z, Cheng L, Liu P, Yang Y. Stereoselective amino acid synthesis by synergistic photoredox-pyridoxal radical biocatalysis. Science 2023; 381:444-451. [PMID: 37499030 PMCID: PMC10444520 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg2420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Developing synthetically useful enzymatic reactions that are not known in biochemistry and organic chemistry is an important challenge in biocatalysis. Through the synergistic merger of photoredox catalysis and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) biocatalysis, we developed a pyridoxal radical biocatalysis approach to prepare valuable noncanonical amino acids, including those bearing a stereochemical dyad or triad, without the need for protecting groups. Using engineered PLP enzymes, either enantiomeric product could be produced in a biocatalyst-controlled fashion. Synergistic photoredox-pyridoxal radical biocatalysis represents a powerful platform with which to discover previously unknown catalytic reactions and to tame radical intermediates for asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Dian Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Zhiyu Bo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Lida Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BMSE) Program, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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3
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Sugitate K, Yamashiro T, Takahashi I, Yamada K, Abe T. Oxytrofalcatin Puzzle: Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of Oxytrofalcatins B and C. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37433109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The previously reported structures of oxytrofalcatins B and C possess a benzoyl indole core. However, following synthesis and NMR comparison of both the proposed structure and the synthesized oxazole, we have revised the structure of oxytrofalcatins B and C as oxazoles. The synthetic route developed herein can further our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways that govern the production of natural 2,5-diaryloxazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Sugitate
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamashiro
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan
| | - Ibuki Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 0610293, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Hokkaido 0610293, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan
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4
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Zhu YP, Zhou Y, Li WJ, Liu FR, Wang WC, Hao KY, Chao BY, Shi TR, Wu AX, Sun YY. Iodine-Promoted Oxidative Cyclization of Methyl Azaarenes and α-Amino Ketones for One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Azaaryl-5-aryl Oxazoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12460-12469. [PMID: 36067376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A high efficiency protocol was developed for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted oxazoles via iodine-promoted oxidative domino cyclization. These reactions were performed with readily available methyl azaarenes and α-amino ketones under metal-free conditions. This protocol is a simple method with high functional group compatibility, a wide range of substrates, and excellent yield, providing a new way to synthesize azaarene-attached oxazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Rao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Yan Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Yu Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Ru Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Shandong Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
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Newar UD, Borra S, Maurya RA. Visible-Light 2,4-Dinitrophenol-Mediated Photoannulation of α-Azidochalcones into 2,5-Diaryloxazoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:4454-4458. [PMID: 35700202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient visible-light 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) mediated photoannulation of α-azidochalcones into 2,5-diaryloxazoles was developed. The carbon-carbon double bond of α-azidochalcone was cleaved, leading to the formation of new C-O and C-N bonds in the photoannulation. Control experiments were carried out, and a plausible mechanism of the photoannulation was proposed. The scope of the reaction was studied by synthesizing a series of 2,5-diaryloxazoles including two naturally occurring oxazoles (Texamine and Balsoxin) in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Devi Newar
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Satheesh Borra
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India
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6
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Porras M, Hernández D, González CC, Boto A. “Cut and Paste” Processes in the Search of Bioactive Products: One-Pot, Metal-free O-Radical Scission-Oxidation-Addition of C, N or P-Nucleophiles. Front Chem 2022; 10:884124. [PMID: 35665068 PMCID: PMC9158125 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.884124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine reagents have been applied in many metal-free, efficient synthesis of natural products and other bioactive compounds. In particular, treatment of alcohols, acetals and acids with hypervalent iodine reagents and iodine results in O-radicals that can undergo a β-scission reaction. Under these oxidative conditions, derivatives of amino acids, peptides or carbohydrates are converted into cationic intermediates, which can subsequently undergo inter- or intramolecular addition of nucleophiles. Most reported papers describe the addition of oxygen nucleophiles, but this review is focused on the addition of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous nucleophiles. The resulting products (nucleoside and alkaloid analogs, unnatural amino acids, site-selectively modified peptides) are valuable intermediates or analogs of bioactive compounds.
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7
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Dhawan S, Kumar V, Girase PS, Mokoena S, Karpoormath R. Recent Progress in Iodine‐Catalysed C−O/C−N Bond Formation of 1,3‐Oxazoles: A Comprehensive Review. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Pankaj S. Girase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Sithabile Mokoena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
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8
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Boto A, González CC, Hernández D, Romero-Estudillo I, Saavedra CJ. Site-selective modification of peptide backbones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00892g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exciting developments in the site-selective modification of peptide backbones are allowing an outstanding fine-tuning of peptide conformation, folding ability, and physico-chemical and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Concepción C. González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dácil Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Iván Romero-Estudillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
- Catedrático CONACYT-CIQ-UAEM, Mexico
| | - Carlos J. Saavedra
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Programa Agustín de Betancourt, Universidad de la Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
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9
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De Schouwer F, Claes L, Vandekerkhove A, Verduyckt J, De Vos DE. Protein-Rich Biomass Waste as a Resource for Future Biorefineries: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1272-1303. [PMID: 30667150 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein-rich biomass provides a valuable feedstock for the chemical industry. This Review describes every process step in the value chain from protein waste to chemicals. The first part deals with the physicochemical extraction of proteins from biomass, hydrolytic degradation to peptides and amino acids, and separation of amino acid mixtures. The second part provides an overview of physical and (bio)chemical technologies for the production of polymers, commodity chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other fine chemicals. This can be achieved by incorporation of oligopeptides into polymers, or by modification and defunctionalization of amino acids, for example, their reduction to amino alcohols, decarboxylation to amines, (cyclic) amides and nitriles, deamination to (di)carboxylic acids, and synthesis of fine chemicals and ionic liquids. Bio- and chemocatalytic approaches are compared in terms of scope, efficiency, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Free De Schouwer
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Laurens Claes
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Annelies Vandekerkhove
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jasper Verduyckt
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
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10
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Xu Y, Wang Q, Wu Y, Zeng Z, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Oxazoles from Carboxamides and Propynals. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xu
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Environmental ScienceSchool of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University 211198 Nanjing China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Zhongyi Zeng
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Institute of Organic ChemistryHeidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University (KAU) 21589 Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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11
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Abdel Monaim SAH, Mhlongo JT, Kumar A, El-Faham A, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Formation of N α-terminal 2-dialkyl amino oxazoles from guanidinated derivatives under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:5661-5666. [PMID: 30043801 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01463a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxazole-containing peptides are an important class of molecules in medicinal chemistry programs. Here we describe a convenient solid-phase synthesis of Nα-terminal oxazole peptides. The strategy took advantage of an intramolecular rearrangement side reaction that occurred during the guanidination of the Nα-amino function of a peptide still anchored on the solid-support. The substitution map of the N,N-dialkylamino oxazole obtained using this strategy differed completely from the one achieved through the heterocyclization of the Ser or Thr side chain with the preceding carbonyl group, which is a common approach for the preparation of these compounds. This unexpected reaction was observed with N-terminal aromatic and aliphatic amino acids that have a Gly as the last before residue in both short as well as long peptides; however, it does not form the oxazole ring if Gly was substituted with other amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
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12
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Mal K, Das I. α-Keto Thioesters as Building Blocks for Accessing γ-Hydroxybutenolides and Oxazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Mal
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Indrajit Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 India
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13
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Carro C, Romero I, Boto A. Microwave versus Conventional Light Activation of O-Radical Scission Processes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carro
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | - Iván Romero
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | - Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC; Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Spain
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14
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Ibrar A, Khan I, Abbas N, Farooq U, Khan A. Transition-metal-free synthesis of oxazoles: valuable structural fragments in drug discovery. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article encapsulates the recent developments in the metal-free approaches used to construct oxazole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Naeem Abbas
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
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