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Li D, Wang H, Chen J, Wu Q. Fluorinated Polymer Donors for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303155. [PMID: 38018363 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of narrow-bandgap nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) has boosted the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) over 19 %. The new features of high-performance NFAs, such as visible-NIR light absorption, moderate the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO), and high crystallinity, require polymer donors with matching physical properties. This emphasizes the importance of methods that can effectively tune the physical properties of polymers. Owning to very small atom size and strongest electronegativity, the fluorination has been proved the most efficient strategy to regulate the physical properties of polymer donors, including frontier energy level, absorption coefficient, dielectric constant, crystallinity and charge transport. Owing to the success of fluorination strategy, the vast majority of high-performance polymer donors possess one or more fluorine atoms. In this review, the fluorination synthetic methods, the synthetic route of well-known fluorinated building blocks, the fluorinated polymers which are categorized by the type of donor or acceptor units, and the relationships between the polymer structures, properties, and photovoltaic performances are comprehensively surveyed. We hope this review could provide the readers a deeper insight into fluorination strategy and lay a strong foundation for future innovation of fluorinated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Jinming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Qinghe Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
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Zhang L, He J, Shen J, Xu H, Zhu D, Shen C. Highly efficient synthesis of C3-heteroaryl 3-fluorooxindoles via a one-pot stepwise Ce( iii)/photoassisted cross-dehydrogenative coupling/fluorooxidation process. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01599d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot stepwise strategy has been developed to afford C3-heteroaryl 3-fluorooxindoles via a Ce(iii)/photoassisted cross-dehydrogenative coupling/fluorooxidation process in moderate-to-good yields with excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- College of Petroleum Chemical Industry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiajun He
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- College of Petroleum Chemical Industry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiabin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Dancheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
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Xu Z, Geng X, Cai Y, Wang L. A Straightforward Approach to Fluorinated Pyrimido[1,2- b]indazole Derivatives via Metal/Additive-Free Annulation with Enaminones, 3-Aminoindazoles, and Selectfluor. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6562-6572. [PMID: 35486919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient three-component reaction with two C-N bonds and one C-F bond formation has been reported, which provides a straightforward route to a variety of fluorinated pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole derivatives. This transformation has the advantage of excellent functional group compatibility, including aliphatic and aromatic substituents enaminones. Moreover, metal and additives are not necessary for this reaction, which is of great significance for the synthesis and application of fluorinated heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Xu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, PR China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, PR China
| | - Yiwen Cai
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Garia A, Kumar S, Jain N. SelectfluorTM Mediated Tandem Fluorination and 1,3‐Carbonyl Migration in ortho‐Carbonyl Anilines: Charge Transfer Enabled ortho‐Selectivity. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alankrita Garia
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry Hauz Khas Delhi INDIA
| | - Sharvan Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry Hauz Khas Delhi INDIA
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Indian Institute of Technology Chemistry Hauz Khas 110016 Delhi INDIA
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Borodkin GI, Shubin VG. Electrophilic and Oxidative Fluorination of Heterocyclic Compounds: Contribution to Green Chemistry. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021090013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Bora PP, Bihani M, Plummer S, Gallou F, Handa S. Shielding Effect of Micelle for Highly Effective and Selective Monofluorination of Indoles in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3037-3042. [PMID: 30834700 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Highly selective direct monofluorination of indoles and arenes was developed through an approach that allows site-specific solubility of substrate and fluorine source in the micelle. This approach was highly selective for a broad range of substrates with excellent functional group tolerance. Differences in binding constant and solubility of indoles and arenes in the micelle allowed the fine-tuning of selectivity. Control experiments suggested a radical pathway and provided insight into the role of micelles of the environmentally benign amphiphile PS-750-M. Dynamic light scattering experiments strongly indicated the site-specific solubility of the substrate and fluorine source. The methodology was successfully adapted to gram scale, and the E-factor established from a recycle study indicated that the process is environmentally responsible and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal P Bora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Manisha Bihani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Scott Plummer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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Hajra S, Roy S, Maity S, Chatterjee S. Reagent-Controlled Reversal of Regioselectivity in Nucleophilic Fluorination of Spiro-epoxyoxindole: Synthesis of 3-Fluoro-3-hydroxymethyloxindole and 3-Aryl-3-fluoromethyloxindole. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2252-2260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sayan Roy
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Subrata Maity
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sandip Chatterjee
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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Regioselective Fluorination of 7-Oxo-1,2,4-benzotriazines Using Selectfluor. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020282. [PMID: 30646524 PMCID: PMC6359188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
7-Oxo-1,2,4-benzotriazines (benzo[1,2,4]triazin-7-ones) are reversible thioredoxin reductase inhibitors that exhibit very strong correlations to pleurotin. In this article, we provide the first synthesis of fluorinated derivatives. Fluorination using Selectfluor of benzo[1,2,4]triazin-7-ones occurs regioselectively and in high yield at the enamine-activated position. This electron N-lone pair activation overrides the activation/deactivation effects of some other substituents. The reaction time was significantly reduced with the use of microwave irradiation at 120 °C and 7 bar. The cytotoxicity and cyclic voltammetry measurements for 8-fluoro-1,3-diphenylbenzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-7(1H)-one (2) are presented and compared with its synthetic precursor, 1,3-diphenylbenzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-7(1H)-one (1a).
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Zhang Y, Wen C, Zhang C, Li J. Copper-catalyzed ortho-Monofluorination of Aniline Derivatives with Selectfluor Directed by Picolinic Acid Amides. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Nosova EV, Lipunova GN, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON. Fluorine-containing indoles: Synthesis and biological activity. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Visible light induced hydrodifluoromethylation of alkenes derived from oxindoles with (difluoromethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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