1
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Zhang K, Chen X, Zhang Z, Bu C, Wu Y, Xu J. Exploring α-electron-deficiency-induced [1,2]-fluorine migration. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8675-8689. [PMID: 37860877 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the standard model of [1,2]-fluorine migration and that triggered by the rearrangement of cyclopropyl-substituted fluoroepoxides. The [1,2]-fluorine migration reaction proceeds via a synchronous concerted, tight-ion-pair mechanism. When coupled with other reaction coordinates, the whole reaction follows an asynchronous mechanism, while the [1,2]-fluorince migration unit still retains its tight-ion-pair feature and the reaction coordinates of two C-F distances vary synchronously. A general reaction program for α-electron-deficiency-induced [1,2]-fluorine migration is proposed through an analysis of the intermediates generated from nucleophilic addition. The reaction mechanisms associated with α-electron deficiency and the rearrangement are scrutinized using computational chemistry. Two additional reaction programs for [1,2]-fluorine migration are identified. The Gibbs free energy change of [1,2]-fluorine migration exhibits a linear dependence on the value of the Fukui function of the substrate, which could lead to the production of the desired α-monofluoroketone and enhance the utilization of fluorine atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- College of Paediatric, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhoujie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Complex System (NSLSCS), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Caijie Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Complex System (NSLSCS), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiawei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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2
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Guo S, Sun W, Tucker JW, Hesp KD, Szymczak NK. Preparation and Functionalization of Mono- and Polyfluoroepoxides via Fluoroalkylation of Carbonyl Electrophiles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203578. [PMID: 36478306 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We outline a new synthetic method to prepare mono- and polyfluoroepoxides from a diverse pool of electrophiles (ketones, acyl chlorides, esters) and fluoroalkyl anion equivalents. The initially formed α-fluoro alkoxides undergo subsequent intramolecular ring closure when heated. We demonstrated the versatility of the method through the isolation of 16 mono- and polyfluoroepoxide products. These compounds provide unique entry points for further diversification via either fluoride migration coupled with ring opening, or defluorinative functionalization reactions, the latter of which can be used as a late-stage method to install select bioactive moieties. The reaction sequences described herein provide a pathway to functionalize the commonly observed products formed from 1,2-addition into carbonyl electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joseph W Tucker
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc.: Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT., 06340, USA
| | - Kevin D Hesp
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc.: Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT., 06340, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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3
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Zhang X, Ning Y, Tian C, Zanoni G, Bi X. Asymmetric [2+1] cycloaddition of difluoroalkyl-substituted carbenes with alkenes under rhodium catalysis: Synthesis of chiral difluoroalkyl-substituted cyclopropanes. iScience 2023; 26:105896. [PMID: 36994182 PMCID: PMC10040897 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel strategy for the synthesis of chiral difluoroalkyl-substituted cyclopropanes through enantioselective [2 + 1] cyclopropanation of alkenes and difluoroalkyl-substituted carbenes under rhodium catalysis, wherein the newly designed α, α-difluoro-β-carbonyl ketone N-triftosylhydrazones are used as the difluoroalkyl-substituted carbenes precursors. This approach represents the first asymmetric cyclopropanation of alkenes with difluoroalkyl carbenes, featuring high yield, high enantioselectivity, and broad substrate scope. Gram-scale synthesis and further interconversion of diverse functional groups demonstrate the usefulness of this protocol in the preparation of diverse functionalized chiral difluoroalkyl-substituted cyclopropanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yongquan Ning
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Chunqi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Giuseppe Zanoni
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Xihe Bi
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Corresponding author
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4
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Erande RD, Shivam S, Chavan KA, Chauhan ANS. Recent Advances in [3+2]-Cycloaddition-Enabled
Cascade Reactions: Application to
Synthesize Complex Organic Frameworks. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMany natural products and biologically important complex organic scaffolds have convoluted structures around their core skeleton. Interestingly, with just changing the outskirts, the core reflects new and unique degrees of various physical and chemical properties. A very common but intriguing core is a five-membered ring horning heaps of organic molecules crafts. The power of [3+2] cycloaddition reactions to generate five-membered ring systems allocate chemists to envision synthetic procedures of wonder molecules and if it is facilitating a cascade sequence, then the end product will imbibe significant level of complexity having applications in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields. This Account highlights the broad interest in assembling recent advances in cascade reactions involving [3+2] cycloaddition as the power tool in order to conceive breakthrough organic architectures reported in the last ten years. We foresee that our comprehensive collection of astonishing [3+2] cycloaddition enabled cascades will provide valuable insights to polycyclic molecular construction and perseverant approach towards nonconventional synthetic procedures to the organic community.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Oxindoles Skeleton3 Synthesis of Oxazoles Skeleton4 Synthesis of Oxadiazoles Skeleton5 Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles6 Synthesis via Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition7 Synthesis of Miscellaneous Scaffolds8 Conclusion
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5
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Shinde SR, Girase P, Dhawan S, Inamdar SN, Kumar V, Pawar C, Palkar MB, Shinde M, Karpoormath R. A systematic appraisal on catalytic synthesis of 1,3-oxazole derivatives: A mechanistic review on metal dependent synthesis. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1989596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj R. Shinde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Pankaj Girase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Shaukatali N. Inamdar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Chandrakant Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahesh B. Palkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
- K. L. E. Society’s College of Pharmacy, J. T. College Campus, Gadag, India
| | - Mahadev Shinde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, South Africa
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6
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Ge D, Chu XQ. Multiple-fold C–F bond functionalization for the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic compounds: fluorine as a detachable chemical handle. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01749g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlighted the recent advances in the field of multiple-fold C–F bond functionalization for the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Ge
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Chu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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7
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8
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Dehydrative Ring‐Opening of
gem
‐Difluorocyclopropyl Carbinols to Allylic Trifluoromethyl and Difluorohalomethyl Derivatives Promated by Titanium Tetrahalide. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Jiang X, Meyer D, Baran D, Cortés González MA, Szabó KJ. Trifluoromethylthiolation, Trifluoromethylation, and Arylation Reactions of Difluoro Enol Silyl Ethers. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8311-8319. [PMID: 32441100 PMCID: PMC7339110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
This study reports a new application
area of difluoro enol silyl
ethers, which can be easily obtained from trifluoromethyl ketones.
The main focus has been directed to the electrophilic fluoroalkylation
and arylation methods. The trifluoromethylthiolation of difluoro enol
silyl ethers can be used for the construction of a novel trifluoromethylthio-α,α-difluoroketone
(−COCF2SCF3) functionality. The −CF2SCF3 moiety has interesting properties due to the
electron-withdrawing, albeit lipophilic, character of the SCF3 group, which can be combined with the high electrophilicity
of the difluoroketone motif. The methodology could also be extended
to difluoro homologation of the trifluoromethyl ketones using the
Togni reagent. In addition, we presented a method for transition-metal-free
arylation of difluoro enol silyl ethers based on hypervalent iodines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Jiang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Denise Meyer
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Dominik Baran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Kálmán J Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
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10
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Bugera MY, Tarasenko KV, Kondratov IS, Gerus II, Vashchenko BV, Ivasyshyn VE, Grygorenko OO. (Het)aryl Difluoromethyl-Substituted β-Alkoxyenones: Synthesis and Heterocyclizations. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Ya. Bugera
- Enamine Ltd.; Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry; NAS of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Karen V. Tarasenko
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry; NAS of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
- Chemspace; Ilukstes iela 38-5 1082 Riga Latvia
| | - Ivan S. Kondratov
- Enamine Ltd.; Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry; NAS of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Igor I. Gerus
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry; NAS of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V. Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd.; Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 60 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Viktor E. Ivasyshyn
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry; NAS of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd.; Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 60 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
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11
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Wang J, Ogawa Y, Shibata N. Selective synthesis of spirobiindanes, alkenyl chlorides, and monofluoroalkenes from unactivated gem-difluoroalkanes controlled by aluminum-based Lewis acids. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19113. [PMID: 31836738 PMCID: PMC6911048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly selective synthesis of spirobiindanes, alkenyl chlorides, and monofluoroalkenes via the cleavage of inert C(sp3)–F bonds in unactivated gem-difluoroalkanes using readily available and inexpensive aluminum-based Lewis acids of low toxicity is reported. The selectivity of this reaction can be controlled by modifying the substituents on the central aluminum atom of the promoter. An intramolecular cascade Friedel-Crafts alkylation of unactivated gem-difluorocarbons can be achieved using a stoichiometric amount of AlCl3. The subsequent synthesis of alkenyl chlorides via F/Cl exchange followed by an elimination can be accomplished using AlEt2Cl as a fluoride scavenger and halogen source. The defluorinative elimination of acyclic and cyclic gem-difluorocarbons to give monofluoroalkenes can be achieved using AlEt3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan
| | - Yuta Ogawa
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan. .,Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, 321004, Jinhua, China.
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12
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Melvin PR, Ferguson DM, Schimler SD, Bland DC, Sanford MS. Room Temperature Deoxyfluorination of Benzaldehydes and α-Ketoesters with Sulfuryl Fluoride and Tetramethylammonium Fluoride. Org Lett 2019; 21:1350-1353. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R. Melvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Devin M. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sydonie D. Schimler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Douglas C. Bland
- CP PD&P Process Chemistry, Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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13
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Xing JJ, Gao YN, Shi M. Phosphine-Initiated Cascade Annulation of β′-Acetoxy Allenoate and p
-Quinols: Access to Ring Fused Hexahydroindeno Furan Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Xing
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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