1
|
Panyam PKR, Buchmeiser MR. Effect of liquid confinement on regioselectivity in the hydrosilylation of alkynes with cationic Rh(I) N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:39-50. [PMID: 37083014 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric mesoporous monoliths were prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) from norbornene (NBE), 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4,5,8-exo,endo-dimethanonaphthalene (DMN-H6), tris(norborn-2-enylmethylenoxy)methylsilane and the 1st-generation Grubbs catalyst [RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHC6H5)] in the presence of 2-propanol and toluene and surface grafted with 1-(2-((norborn-5-ene-2-carbonyl)oxy)ethyl)-3-ethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate. Subsequently, a supported ionic-liquid-phase (SILP) system was created by immobilizing the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4] with the cationic catalyst [Rh((1-pyrid-1-yl)-3-mesitylimidazol-2-ylidene)(COD)+BF4-] (Rh-1; COD = 1,4-cyclooctadiene) dissolved therein. The regio- and stereoselectivity of Rh-1 dissolved in the IL and supported on the mesoporous monolith, referred to as Rh@SILPROMP, in the hydrosilylation of 1-alkynes with HSiMe2Ph was studied and compared to that of the homogeneous catalyst Rh-1 under biphasic conditions using methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as a second organic phase. Different amounts of IL were used, which allowed for the creation of SILPs with different layer thicknesses. Rh@SILPROMP provided by far better β-(Z) selectivity for both aromatic and aliphatic 1-alkynes in comparison to Rh-1 used under biphasic conditions. The highest β-(Z) selectivity was obtained with the thinnest IL layer. No leaching of the IL or rhodium from the SILP system into the organic phase was observed, resulting in virtually metal-free hydrosilylation products. The data obtained with Rh@SILPROMP were also compared with those from previous studies with Rh-1 in the same IL supported on polyurethane-derived mesoporous monolithic supports (Rh@SILPPUR) and on mesoporous SBA-15 (Rh@SILPSBA-15). For the first time, the use of a liquid confinement created by both a SILP and the support itself to tune the transition state of an organometallic catalyst by non-covalent interactions and thus stereo- and regioselectivity is outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K R Panyam
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kotha S, Mehta G. Late-stage Modification of Cage Diones by Tandem Metathesis. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201022. [PMID: 36382422 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the application of tandem ring-opening cross-metathesis (ROCM) and tandem ring-opening cross-metathesis followed by cross-metathesis (ROCM/CM) in highly strained diastereomeric heptacyclic cage diones (HCCD's) catalyzed by ruthenium catalysts. These caged diastereomeric compounds have a high degree of ring strain as well as steric congestion. Therefore, the present work related to ROCM is unique and intricate as compared to simple norbornene derivatives. It is useful to prepare new hexacyclic cage derivatives suitable for high-energy density materials. The synthetic strategy of starting cage compounds features the Diels-Alder reaction, and [2+2] photocycloaddition as key steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Gulazarahind Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A mechanistic DFT study of Z-selective ring-opening metathesis polymerization by MAP catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Dawood KM, Nomura K. Recent Developments in Z‐Selective Olefin Metathesis Reactions by Molybdenum, Tungsten, Ruthenium, and Vanadium Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Tel. & Fax
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benedikter MJ, Musso JV, Frey W, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Cationic Group VI Metal Imido Alkylidene
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Nitrile Complexes: Bench‐Stable, Functional‐Group‐Tolerant Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institut für Polymerchemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Janis V. Musso
- Institut für Polymerchemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institut für Polymerchemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benedikter M, Musso J, Kesharwani MK, Sterz KL, Elser I, Ziegler F, Fischer F, Plietker B, Frey W, Kästner J, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Nowakowski M, Bauer M, Buchmeiser MR. Charge Distribution in Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: A Combined X-ray, XAS, XES, DFT, Mössbauer, and Catalysis Approach. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janis Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Manoj K. Kesharwani
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K. Leonard Sterz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Ziegler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Fischer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Nowakowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Benedikter MJ, Musso JV, Frey W, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Cationic Group VI Metal Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Nitrile Complexes: Bench-Stable, Functional-Group-Tolerant Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1374-1382. [PMID: 33009884 PMCID: PMC7839548 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite their excellent selectivities and activities, Mo‐and W‐based catalysts for olefin metathesis have not gained the same widespread use as Ru‐based systems, mainly due to their inherent air sensitivity. Herein, we describe the synthesis of air‐stable cationic‐at‐metal molybdenum and tungsten imido alkylidene NHC nitrile complexes. They catalyze olefin metathesis reactions of substrates containing functional groups such as (thio‐) esters, (thio‐) ethers and alcohols without the need for prior activation, for example, by a Lewis acid. The presence of a nitrile ligand was found to be essential for their stability towards air, while no decrease in activity and productivity could be observed upon coordination of a nitrile. Variations of the imido and anionic ligand revealed that alkoxide complexes with electron‐withdrawing imido ligands offer the highest reactivities and excellent stability compared to analogous triflate and halide complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis J Benedikter
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janis V Musso
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Romain C, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, Dagorne S. Recent progress on NHC-stabilized early transition metal (group 3–7) complexes: Synthesis and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
9
|
Kesharwani MK, Elser I, Musso JV, Buchmeiser MR, Kästner J. Reaction Mechanism of Ring-Closing Metathesis with a Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyst. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Benedikter MJ, Ziegler F, Groos J, Hauser PM, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Group 6 metal alkylidene and alkylidyne N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for olefin and alkyne metathesis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|