1
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Di Terlizzi L, Nicchio L, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Visible photons as ideal reagents for the activation of coloured organic compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4926-4975. [PMID: 38596901 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the traceless nature of visible photons has been exploited for the development of efficient synthetic strategies for the photoconversion of colourless compounds, namely, photocatalysis, chromophore activation, and the formation of an electron donor/acceptor (EDA) complex. However, the use of photoreactive coloured organic compounds is the optimal strategy to boost visible photons as ideal reagents in synthetic protocols. In view of such premises, the present review aims to provide its readership with a collection of recent photochemical strategies facilitated via direct light absorption by coloured molecules. The protocols have been classified and presented according to the nature of the intermediate/excited state achieved during the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luca Nicchio
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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2
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Chawla R, Singh AK, Dutta PK. Arylazo sulfones: multifaceted photochemical reagents and beyond. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:869-893. [PMID: 38196324 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01599h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The photochemical action of arylazo sulfones under visible light irradiation has recently gained considerable attention for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds in organic synthesis. The inherent dyedauxiliary group (-N2SO2R) embedded in the reagent is responsible for the absorption of visible light even in the absence of a photocatalyst, additive or oxidant, leading to the generation of three different radicals, viz. aryl (carbon-centred), sulfonyl (sulphur-centred) and diazenyl (nitrogen-centred) radicals, under different reaction conditions. Encountering a reagent with such a versatile behaviour is quite rare, which makes arylazo sulfones a highly interesting class of compounds. The mild reaction conditions under which these reagents can operate are an added advantage. Recently, they are also being used as non-ionic photoacid generators (PAGs), electron acceptors, and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and imination reagents in a number of synthetic transformations. They have displayed substantial damaging effect on the structure of DNA in the presence of light which can lead to their use as phototoxic pharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. Moreover, their photochemistry is also being exploited in polymerization reactions (as photoinitiators) and in materials chemistry (surface modification).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Chawla
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
| | - Atul K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Pradip K Dutta
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
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3
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Di Terlizzi L, Nicchio L, Callegari C, Scaringi S, Neuville L, Fagnoni M, Protti S, Masson G. Visible-Light-Mediated Divergent and Regioselective Vicinal Difunctionalization of Styrenes with Arylazo Sulfones. Org Lett 2023; 25:9047-9052. [PMID: 38085821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Activated by visible light, arylazo sulfones can serve as multifaceted reactants and are employed in diazenylation, sulfonylation, and arylation reactions under (photo)catalyst-free conditions. Such versatile reactivity enabled us to develop an operationally simple, regioselective, and tunable difunctionalization of styrenes with arylazo sulfones to produce α-sulfonyl arylhydrazones and 1,2-alkoxyarylated products in moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, such difunctionalized products have been exploited as key building blocks for the synthesis of various heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Luca Nicchio
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Camilla Callegari
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Simone Scaringi
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440 Porcheville, France
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Geraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440 Porcheville, France
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4
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Skinner KC, Kammeraad JA, Wymore T, Narayan ARH, Zimmerman PM. Simulating Electron Transfer Reactions in Solution: Radical-Polar Crossover. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10097-10107. [PMID: 37976536 PMCID: PMC11135460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Single-electron transfer (SET) promotes a wide variety of interesting chemical transformations, but modeling of SET requires a careful treatment of electronic and solvent effects to give meaningful insight. Therefore, a combined constrained density functional theory and molecular mechanics (CDFT/MM) tool is introduced specifically for SET-initiated reactions. Mechanisms for two radical-polar crossover reactions involving the organic electron donors tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) were studied with the new tool. An unexpected tertiary radical intermediate within the TDAE system was identified, relationships between kinetics and substitution in the TTF system were explained, and the impact of the solvent environments on the TDAE and TTF reactions were examined. The results highlight the need for including solvent dynamics when quantifying SET kinetics and thermodynamics, as a free energy difference of >20 kcal/mol was observed. Overall, the new method informs mechanistic analysis of SET-initiated reactions and therefore is envisioned to be useful for studying reactions in the condensed phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Skinner
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Josh A Kammeraad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Troy Wymore
- Laufer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Alison R H Narayan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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5
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Di Terlizzi L, Galathri EM, Protti S, Kokotos CG, Fagnoni M. A General Metal-Free Protocol for the Visible-Light-Driven Protection of Carbonyls. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201998. [PMID: 36427248 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The protection of a carbonyl is a standard procedure to mask the reactivity of this group towards nucleophiles and reductants. The present work pointed out the potentialities of arylazo sulfones as non-ionic photoacid generators (PAGs) to promote the efficient conversion of aldehydes and ketones into acetals, ketals, and 1,3-oxazolidines upon visible-light irradiation. This approach employed mild conditions and exhibited an easy scalability and a broad scope (80 examples included).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eirini M Galathri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christoforos G Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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6
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Das R, Kundu T, Basumatary J. Visible light mediated organocatalytic dehydrogenative aza-coupling of 1,3-diones using aryldiazonium salts. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3147-3154. [PMID: 36756411 PMCID: PMC9853514 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07807d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient protocol for diazenylation of 1,3-diones under photoredox conditions is presented herein. C-N bond forming Csp3 -H functionalization of cyclic and alkyl diones by unstable aryl diazenyl radicals is achieved through reaction with aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates by organocatalysts under visible light irradiation. The reaction has wide substrate scope, gives excellent yields, and is also efficient in water as a green solvent. This method provides an easy access to aryldiazenyl derivatives that are useful key starting materials for the synthesis of aza heterocycles as well as potential pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanand Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim Ravangla, South Sikkim PIN 737139 India
| | - Taraknath Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim Ravangla, South Sikkim PIN 737139 India
| | - Joneswar Basumatary
- Department of Chemistry, Sikkim UniversityTadong, Daragaon, East SikkimGangtokPIN 737102India
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7
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Capurro P, Ricciardiello V, Lova P, Lambruschini C, Protti S, Basso A. Visible-Light-Driven Solventylation Strategy for Olefin Functionalization. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48564-48571. [PMID: 36591128 PMCID: PMC9798500 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic aryl radicals generated upon visible light irradiation of arylazo sulfones have been exploited in the development of a solventylation strategy via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The present protocol succeeded in the versatile functionalization of various olefins with carbon-centered radicals deriving from acetone, acetonitrile, chloroform, methylene chloride, nitromethane, methyl acetate, and methyl formate under metal- and photocatalyst-free conditions. The direct addition of the aryl radicals onto the olefin substrates was suppressed under high dilution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Capurro
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Valentina Ricciardiello
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Lova
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Lambruschini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreenLab,
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
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8
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Shen BR, Annamalai P, Bai R, Badsara SS, Lee CF. Blue LED-Mediated Syntheses of Arylazo Phosphine Oxides and Phosphonates via N-P Bond Formation. Org Lett 2022; 24:5988-5993. [PMID: 35926085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of (E)-diphenyl(aryldiazenyl)phosphine oxides and dialkyl (E)-(aryldiazenyl)phosphonates via visible light-mediated N-P bond formation between diazo species and phosphine oxides and phosphite derivatives, respectively, is described. The diazo species were generated via the reaction of aniline with isoamyl nitrite, which upon reaction with phosphorus surrogates generated arylazophosphine oxides and arylazo phosphonates in good to excellent yields. This sustainable chemical process offers a broad substrate scope and reasonably viable product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ru Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Rekha Bai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Satpal Singh Badsara
- MFOS Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, JLN, Marg, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302004, India
| | - Chin-Fa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.,i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.,Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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9
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Di Terlizzi L, Martinelli A, Merli D, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Arylazo Sulfones as Nonionic Visible-Light Photoacid Generators. J Org Chem 2022; 88:6313-6321. [PMID: 35866712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The selective visible-light-driven generation of a weak acid (sulfinic acid, in nitrogen-purged solutions) or a strong acid (sulfonic acid, in oxygen-purged solutions) by using shelf-stable arylazo sulfones was developed. These sulfones were then used for the green, smooth, and efficient photochemical catalytic protection of several (substituted) alcohols (and phenols) as tetrahydropyranyl ethers or acetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Angelo Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Merli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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10
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Bui TT, Tran VH, Kim H. Visible‐Light‐Mediated Synthesis of Sulfonyl Fluorides from Arylazo Sulfones. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Tan Bui
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 United States
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
| | - Van Hieu Tran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee‐Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
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11
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Terlizzi L, Cola I, Raviola C, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Dyedauxiliary Group Strategy for the α-Functionalization of Ketones and Esters. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2021; 1:68-71. [PMID: 36855752 PMCID: PMC9954345 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-arylketones and α-arylazo esters has been achieved in mixed organic-aqueous media under photocatalyst- and metal-free conditions via visible light activation of arylazo sulfones in the presence of enol silyl ethers and ketene silyl acetals, respectively. The process took place efficiently and exhibits an excellent tolerance for a broad variety of functional groups.
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12
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He M, Wu Y, Yao Y, Mo Z, Pan Y, Tang H. Paired Electrosynthesis of Aromatic Azo Compounds from Aryl Diazonium Salts with Pyrroles or Indoles. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu‐Xue He
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Zheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Zu‐Yu Mo
- Pharmacy School of Guilin Medical University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Hai‐Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
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13
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Ji X, Meng L, Xu H, Wang L. Pyridine‐Catalysed Desulfonylative Addition of β‐Diketones to Arylazosulfones via Diaziridine Rearrangement. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China phone
| | - Ling‐Guo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China phone
| | - Hailong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China phone
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China phone
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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14
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Chawla R, Jaiswal S, Dutta PK, Yadav LDS. A photocatalyst-free visible-light-mediated solvent-switchable route to stilbenes/vinyl sulfones from β-nitrostyrenes and arylazo sulfones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6487-6492. [PMID: 34241618 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01028j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalyst-free visible-light-mediated reactions, based on the presence of a visible-light-absorbing functional group in the starting material itself in order to exclude the often costly, hazardous, degradable and difficult to remove or recover photoredox catalysts, have been gaining momentum recently. We have employed this approach to develop a denitrative photocatalyst-free visible-light-mediated protocol for the arylation/sulfonylation of β-nitrostyrenes employing arylazo sulfones (bench-stable photolabile compounds) in a switchable solvent-controlled manner. Arylazo sulfones served as the aryl and sulfonyl radical precursors under blue LED irradiation for the synthesis of trans-stilbenes and (E)-vinyl sulfones in CH3CN and dioxane/H2O 2 : 1, respectively. The absence of any metal, photocatalyst and additive; excellent selectivity (E-stereochemistry) and solvent-switchability; and the use of visible light and ambient temperature are the prime assets of the developed method. Moreover, we report the first photocatalyst-free visible light-driven route to synthesize stilbenes and vinyl sulfones from readily available β-nitrostyrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Chawla
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
| | - Shefali Jaiswal
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
| | - P K Dutta
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
| | - Lal Dhar S Yadav
- Green Synthesis Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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15
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Li A, Li Y, Liu J, Chen J, Lu K, Qiu D, Fagnoni M, Protti S, Zhao X. Metal-Free Trifluoromethylthiolation of Arylazo Sulfones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1292-1299. [PMID: 33350303 PMCID: PMC8765700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-driven protocol for the synthesis of aryl trifluoromethyl thioethers under photocatalyst- and metal-free conditions has been pursued. The procedure exploits the peculiar properties of arylazo sulfones (having electron-rich or electron-poor substituents on the (hetero)aromatic ring) as photochemical precursors of aryl radicals and S-trifluoromethyl arylsulfonothioates as easy-to-handle trifluoromethylthiolating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankun Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingqi Chen
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Lu
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Di Qiu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Xia Zhao
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Jang J, Kim R, Kim DY. Photocatalyst-free photoredox synthesis of diaryl selenides by reaction of diselenides with aryldiazo sulfones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1850796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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17
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Liu J, Tian M, Li Y, Shan X, Li A, Lu K, Fagnoni M, Protti S, Zhao X. Metal‐Free Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Aryl Selenides and Tellurides via Visible Light‐Driven Activation of Arylazo Sulfones. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V. Le Taramelli 12 Pavia Italy
| | - Xiwen Shan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Ankun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Kui Lu
- College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science & Technology 300457 Tianjin China
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V. Le Taramelli 12 Pavia Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V. Le Taramelli 12 Pavia Italy
| | - Xia Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
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18
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Qiu D, Lian C, Mao J, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Dyedauxiliary Groups, an Emerging Approach in Organic Chemistry. The Case of Arylazo Sulfones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12813-12822. [PMID: 32956584 PMCID: PMC8011925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The number of research papers that report photocatalyst-free protocols is currently increasing. Among the different approaches proposed, the conversion of a strong C-X bond of a stable substrate into a photolabile reactive moiety has been recently proposed. In this Synopsis, we introduce the so-dubbed dyedauxiliary group strategy by focusing on arylazo sulfones that are bench stable and visible-light responsive derivatives of anilines that have been exploited as precursors of a wide range of intermediates, including carbon-centered radicals as well as aryl cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Chang Lian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Jinshan Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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