1
|
Fehér Z, Richter D, Dargó G, Kupai J. Factors influencing the performance of organocatalysts immobilised on solid supports: A review. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2129-2142. [PMID: 39224231 PMCID: PMC11368055 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Organocatalysis has become a powerful tool in synthetic chemistry, providing a cost-effective alternative to traditional catalytic methods. The immobilisation of organocatalysts offers the potential to increase catalyst reusability and efficiency in organic reactions. This article reviews the key parameters that influence the effectiveness of immobilised organocatalysts, including the type of support, immobilisation techniques and the resulting interactions. In addition, the influence of these factors on catalytic activity, selectivity and recyclability is discussed, providing an insight into optimising the performance of immobilised organocatalysts for practical applications in organic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Fehér
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Richter
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Dargó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brufani G, Di Erasmo B, Li CJ, Vaccaro L. Csp 2-H functionalization of phenols: an effective access route to valuable materials via Csp 2-C bond formation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3831-3871. [PMID: 38487228 PMCID: PMC10935747 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In the vast majority of top-selling pharmaceutical and industrial products, phenolic structural motifs are highly prevalent. Non-functionalized simple phenols serve as building blocks in the synthesis of value-added chemicals. It is worth mentioning that lignin, being the largest renewable biomass source of aromatic building blocks in nature, mainly consists of phenolic units, which enable the production of structurally diverse phenols. Given their remarkable applicability in the chemical value chain, many efforts have been devoted to increasing the molecular complexity of the phenolic scaffold. Among the key techniques, direct functionalization of Csp2-H is a powerful tool, enabling the construction of new Csp2-C bonds in an economical and atomic manner. Herein we present and summarize the large plethora of direct Csp2-H functionalization methods that enables scaffold diversification of simple, unprotected phenols, leading to the formation of new Csp2-C bonds. In this review article, we intend to summarize the contributions that appeared in the literature mainly in the last 5 years dealing with the functionalization of unprotected phenols, both catalytic and non-catalytic. Our goal is to highlight the key findings and the ongoing challenges in the stimulating and growing research dedicated to the development of new protocols for the valorization of phenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brufani
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
| | - Benedetta Di Erasmo
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Luigi Vaccaro
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sánchez-Molpeceres R, Martín L, Esteban N, Miguel JA, Maestro A, Andrés JM. Enantioselective Amination of 4-Substituted Pyrazolones Catalyzed by Oxindole-Containing Thioureas and by a Recyclable Linear-Polymer-Supported Analogue in a Continuous Flow Process. J Org Chem 2024; 89:330-344. [PMID: 38096132 PMCID: PMC10777414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A highly efficient organocatalytic amination of 4-substituted pyrazolones with azodicarboxylates mediated by a novel quinine-derived thiourea with a 3,3-diaryl-oxindole scaffold is reported. This synthetic method furnished 4-amino-5-pyrazolones in high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97:3 er) at room temperature in short reaction times. Moreover, a linear-polymer-supported bifunctional thiourea, synthesized by reacting a bifunctional aromatic monomer (biphenyl) with isatin in superacidic media and further derivatization, was proven to be also an efficient heterogeneous organocatalyst for this α-amination reaction. The practical value of this process was demonstrated by the use of the immobilized catalyst in recycling experiments, maintaining the activity without additional reactivation, and in flow processes, allowing the synthesis of 4-amino-pyrazolone derivatives in a gram scale with high yield and enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Sánchez-Molpeceres
- SintACat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Laura Martín
- SintACat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Noelia Esteban
- CLiNuMat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Física y Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Jesús A. Miguel
- CLiNuMat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Física y Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Alicia Maestro
- SintACat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - José M. Andrés
- SintACat,
IU CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dargó G, Erdélyi D, Molnár B, Kisszékelyi P, Garádi Z, Kupai J. A novel recyclable organocatalyst for the gram-scale enantioselective synthesis of ( S)-baclofen. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1811-1824. [PMID: 38033451 PMCID: PMC10682516 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesizing organocatalysts is often a long and cost-intensive process, therefore, the recovery and reuse of the catalysts are particularly important to establish sustainable organocatalytic transformations. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis, application, and recycling of a new lipophilic cinchona squaramide organocatalyst. The synthesized lipophilic organocatalyst was applied in Michael additions. The catalyst was utilized to promote the Michael addition of cyclohexyl Meldrum's acid to 4-chloro-trans-β-nitrostyrene (quantitative yield, up to 96% ee). Moreover, 1 mol % of the catalyst was feasible to conduct the gram-scale preparation of baclofen precursor (89% yield, 96% ee). Finally, thanks to the lipophilic character of the catalyst, it was easily recycled after the reaction by replacing the non-polar reaction solvent with a polar solvent, acetonitrile, with 91-100% efficiency, and the catalyst was reused in five reaction cycles without the loss of activity and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Dargó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Erdélyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Molnár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Kisszékelyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Garádi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út. 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Biswas A. Aromatic C-H bond functionalization through organocatalyzed asymmetric intermolecular aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction: a recent update. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:956-981. [PMID: 37404800 PMCID: PMC10315893 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction allows an efficient coupling of electron-rich aromatic systems with imines for the facile incorporation of aminoalkyl groups into the aromatic ring. This reaction has a great scope of forming aza-stereocenters which can be tuned by different asymmetric catalysts. This review assembles recent advances in asymmetric aza-Friedel-Crafts reactions mediated by organocatalysts. The mechanistic interpretation with the origin of stereoselectivity is also explained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Hooghly Women’s College, Vivekananda Road, Pipulpati, Hooghly - 712103, WB, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Duan M, Chen J, Wang T, Luo S, Wang M, Fan B. Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Aza-Friedel-Crafts Addition of Naphthols with Isatin-Derived Ketimines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15152-15158. [PMID: 36269152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective Friedel-Crafts addition of naphthols with isatin-derived ketimines was developed with H8-BINOL-derived chiral biaryl phosphoric acid. A wide range of isatin-derived ketimines and naphthols were successfully applied and gave a series of chiral 3-amino-2-oxindoles in excellent yields with high optical purities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Shaojian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Baomin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources (Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China.,Department School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming650504, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ralbovsky NM, Smith JP. Process analytical technology and its recent applications for asymmetric synthesis. Talanta 2022; 252:123787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
8
|
Wang L, Chen Z, Jiang H, Zhang J, Jin Y. Urea derivative organocatalyzed enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of α-naphthols with isatins. Chirality 2022; 34:977-988. [PMID: 35413136 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of α-naphthols with isatin derivatives was catalyzed by Takemoto-type urea catalyst to give optical active 3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles in 75%-92% yields with up to 95% enantiomeric excess (ee) value. The catalyst type and the substrate scope were broadened in this methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Huiting Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bao X, Wang X, Tian JM, Ye X, Wang B, Wang H. Recent advances in the applications of pyrazolone derivatives in enantioselective synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2370-2386. [PMID: 35234777 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazolones and pyrazoles, featuring nitrogen-nitrogen bonds, are two of the most important classes of heterocycles, owing to their widespread occurrence in medicinal chemistry and functional materials. The last decade has witnessed a rapid increase in the construction of chiral pyrazolone and pyrazole derivatives, with the application of pyrazolone derivatives as powerful synthons. Since our last review in 2018, a large number of new achievements has emerged in this area, requiring a timely update. Thus, this review summarizes these elegant achievements based on the multiple reactive sites of different pyrazolone synthons. In addition, important mechanisms and interesting biological investigations relating to the corresponding products are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoze Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xingyue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jin-Miao Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xinyi Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 112024, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang J, Chen JF, Cui X, Zhao JZ, Tang Z, Li GX. Preparation of Dihydronaphthofurans from α-Hydroxyl Ketones via a One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction Based on Heyns Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3311-3318. [PMID: 35166530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polysubstituted 1,2-dihydronaphthofurans were efficiently obtained in high yields and good diastereoselectivities with readily available substrates. The reaction proceeds smoothly via a series of tandem reactions, including Heyns rearrangement, oxidation, Friedel-Crafts reaction, and cyclization. The high stereoselectivity of the reaction is ascribed to the activation of the imine via an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Air is directly used as the oxidation medium, which makes the reaction safe and easy to perform. Moreover, the reaction features multiple components, which ensures the diversity of products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jin-Fang Chen
- College of Art and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jin-Zhong Zhao
- College of Art and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Glavač D, Gredičak M. Construction of chiral Betti base precursors containing a congested quaternary stereogenic center via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed arylation of isoindolinone-derived ketimines. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00493c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of enantioenriched Betti base precursors containing a congested quaternary stereocenter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danijel Glavač
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matija Gredičak
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Beriša A, Glavač D, Zheng C, You SL, Gredičak M. Enantioselective construction of a congested quaternary stereogenic center in isoindolinones bearing three aryl groups via an organocatalytic formal Betti reaction. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An efficient enantioselective formal Betti reaction between phenols and diaryl ketimines generated in situ from isoindolinone alcohols is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arben Beriša
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijel Glavač
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Matija Gredičak
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Organocatalysts are abundantly used for various transformations, particularly to obtain highly enantio- and diastereomeric pure products by controlling the stereochemistry. These applications of organocatalysts have been the topic of several reviews. Organocatalysts have emerged as one of the very essential areas of research due to their mild reaction conditions, cost-effective nature, non-toxicity, and environmentally benign approach that obviates the need for transition metal catalysts and other toxic reagents. Various types of organocatalysts including amine catalysts, Brønsted acids, and Lewis bases such as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts, cinchona alkaloids, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and hydrogen bond-donating catalysts, have gained renewed interest because of their regioselectivity. In this review, we present recent advances in regiodivergent reactions that are governed by organocatalysts. Additionally, we briefly discuss the reaction pathways of achieving regiodivergent products by changes in conditions such as solvents, additives, or the temperature.
Collapse
|
14
|
Shen MH, Li C, Xu QS, Guo B, Wang R, Liu X, Xu HD, Xu D. Allylation and alkylation of oxindoleketimines via imine umpolung strategy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
Synthesis of cinchona squaramide polymers by Yamamoto coupling polymerization and their application in asymmetric Michael reaction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
16
|
Gambacorta G, Sharley JS, Baxendale IR. A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1181-1312. [PMID: 34136010 PMCID: PMC8182698 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic physical properties, which includes being able to perform as volatile liquids at room and biological temperatures, fragrance ingredients/intermediates make ideal candidates for continuous-flow manufacturing. This review highlights the potential crossover between a multibillion dollar industry and the flourishing sub-field of flow chemistry evolving within the discipline of organic synthesis. This is illustrated through selected examples of industrially important transformations specific to the fragrances and flavours industry and by highlighting the advantages of conducting these transformations by using a flow approach. This review is designed to be a compendium of techniques and apparatus already published in the chemical and engineering literature which would constitute a known solution or inspiration for commonly encountered procedures in the manufacture of fragrance and flavour chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gambacorta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - James S Sharley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ziarani GM, Javadi F, Mohajer F. The Molecular Diversity Scope of Oxindole Derivatives in Organic Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210111112814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of oxindole derivatives is discussed as starting materials in diverse organic
reactions, including two and more components, between the years 2014 until 2020. Oxindoles
are famous because of their biological properties. For instance, chromanone-fused
polycyclic pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles, functionalized polycyclic spiro-fused carbocyclicoxindole,
and 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles have anti-cancer, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial
properties, respectively. Therefore, various methods for synthesizing the oxindole structures
have received much attention in organic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Javadi
- Department of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran,Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu H, Yan Y, Li M, Zhang X. An enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of 5-aminoisoxazoles with isatin-derived N-Boc ketimines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3820-3824. [PMID: 33949582 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00374g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
By employing a chiral phosphoric acid as a catalyst, an enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of 5-aminoisoxazoles with isatin-derived N-Boc ketimines was realized. The reaction provided a wide variety of novel 3-isoxazole 3-amino-oxindoles with good yields (up to 99%) and moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 99%). The absolute configuration of one product was assigned by X-ray crystal structural analysis and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed. In addition, a scale-up reaction was performed successfully. Finally, one product was subjected to Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with phenylboronic acid to afford the product in a moderate yield without erosion of the enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China. and Department of Chemistry, Xihua University, China and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingkun Yan
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China. and Department of Chemistry, Xihua University, China and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China. and Department of Chemistry, Xihua University, China and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China. and Department of Chemistry, Xihua University, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Z, Zhang T, Sun Y, Wang L, Jin Y. Organocatalytic enantioselective aza-Friedel–Crafts alkylation of β-naphthols and isatin-derived ketimines via a Takemoto-type catalyst. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The catalyst type and the substrate scope were broadened using this methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jilin Medical University
- Jilin
- Jilin 132013
- China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jilin Medical University
- Jilin
- Jilin 132013
- China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jilin Medical University
- Jilin
- Jilin 132013
- China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jilin Medical University
- Jilin
- Jilin 132013
- China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jilin Medical University
- Jilin
- Jilin 132013
- China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nagy S, Fehér Z, Kárpáti L, Bagi P, Kisszékelyi P, Koczka B, Huszthy P, Pukánszky B, Kupai J. Synthesis and Applications of Cinchona Squaramide-Modified Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate) Microspheres as Recyclable Polymer-Grafted Enantioselective Organocatalysts. Chemistry 2020; 26:13513-13522. [PMID: 32697895 PMCID: PMC7702047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the immobilization of cinchona squaramide organocatalysts on poly(glycidyl methacrylate) solid supports. Preparation of the well-defined monodisperse polymer microspheres was facilitated by comprehensive parameter optimization. By exploiting the reactive epoxy groups of the polymer support, three amino-functionalized cinchona derivatives were immobilized on this carrier. To explore the effect of the amino linker, these structurally varied precatalysts were synthesized by modifying the cinchona skeleton at different positions. The catalytic activities of the immobilized organocatalysts were tested in the Michael addition of pentane-2,4-dione and trans-β-nitrostyrene with excellent yields (up to 98 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee). Finally, the catalysts were easily recovered five times by centrifugation without loss of activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Fehér
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Levente Kárpáti
- Laboratory of Plastics & Rubber TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsMűegyetem rkp. 3.Budapest1111Hungary
- Downstream HungaryPolyolefin R&D, MOL Plc.Olajmunkás utca 22443SzázhalombattaHungary
| | - Péter Bagi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Péter Kisszékelyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Béla Koczka
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Péter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Béla Pukánszky
- Laboratory of Plastics & Rubber TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsMűegyetem rkp. 3.Budapest1111Hungary
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| |
Collapse
|