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Li Z, Shi Z. Late-Stage Diversification of Phosphines by C-H Activation: A Robust Strategy for Ligand Design and Preparation. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1057-1072. [PMID: 38488874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe advent of the twenty-first century marked a golden era in the realm of synthetic chemistry, exemplified by groundbreaking advancements in the field of C-H activation, which is a concept that quickly transitioned from mere academic fascination to an essential element within the synthetic chemist's toolkit. This methodological breakthrough has given rise to a wealth of opportunities spanning a wide range of chemical disciplines. It has facilitated the late-stage diversification of elaborate organic frameworks, encompassing the spectrum from simple methane to complex polymers, thus refining the lead optimization process and easing the production of diverse molecular analogues. Among these strides forward, the development of phosphorus(III)-directed C-H activation stands out as an increasingly significant and inventive approach for the design and synthesis of ligands, substantially redefining the contours of synthetic methodology.Phosphines, renowned for their roles as ligands and organocatalysts, have become fundamentally important in modern organic chemistry. Their efficiency as ligands is significantly affected by coordination with transition metals, which is essential for their involvement in catalytic processes, influencing both the catalytic activity and the selectivity. Historically, the fabrication of phosphines predominantly relied on synthesis employing complex, multistep procedures. Addressing this limitation, our research has delved into ligand design and synthesis through innovative catalytic P(III)-directed C-H activation strategies. In this Account, we have explored a spectrum of procedures, including direct arylation using metal catalysis, and ventured further into domains such as C-H alkylation, alkenylation, aminocarbonylation, alkynylation, borylation, and silylation. These advances have enriched the field by providing efficient methods for the late-stage diversification of biaryl-type monophosphines as well as enabled the C-H activation of triphenylphosphine and its derivatives. Moreover, we have successfully constructed libraries of diverse axially chiral binaphthyl phosphine ligands, showcasing their potency in asymmetric catalysis. Through this Account, we aim to illuminate the exciting possibilities presented by P(III)-directed C-H activation in propelling the boundaries of organic synthesis. By highlighting our pioneering work, we hope to inspire further developments in this promising field of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Peng M, Ari D, Roisnel T, Doucet H, Soulé JF. Rhodium(i)-catalyzed cascade C(sp 2)-H bond alkylation - amidation of anilines: phosphorus as traceless directing group. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9055-9062. [PMID: 37655033 PMCID: PMC10466282 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a versatile Rh(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction, combining C(sp2)-H bond functionalization and amidation between N-arylphosphanamines and acrylates. This innovative approach enables the rapid synthesis of dihydroquinolinone scaffolds, a common heterocycle found in various pharmaceuticals. Notably, the presence of the phosphorus atom facilitates the aniline ortho-C(sp2)-H bond activation prior to N-P bond hydrolysis, streamlining one-pot intramolecular amidation. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of this reaction by synthesizing an antipsychotic drug. Detailed mechanistic investigations revealed the involvement of a Rh-H intermediate, with substrate inhibition through catalyst saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Peng
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS UMR6226 Rennes F-3500 France
| | - Denis Ari
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS UMR6226 Rennes F-3500 France
| | | | | | - Jean-François Soulé
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences 75005 Paris France
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Zhang J, Yao L, Su JY, Liu YZ, Wang Q, Deng WP. Transition-metal-catalyzed aromatic C–H functionalization assisted by the phosphorus-containing directing groups. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Deng H, Bengsch M, Tchorz N, Neumann CN. Sterically Controlled Late‐Stage Functionalization of Bulky Phosphines. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202074. [PMID: 35789048 PMCID: PMC9544633 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The fine‐tuning of metal‐phosphine‐catalyzed reactions relies largely on accessing ever more precisely tuned phosphine ligands by de‐novo synthesis. Late‐stage C−H functionalization and diversification of commercial phosphines offers rapid access to entire libraries of derivatives based on privileged scaffolds. But existing routes, relying on phosphorus‐directed transformations, only yield functionalization of Csp2
−H bonds in a specific position relative to phosphorus. In contrast to phosphorus‐directed strategies, herein we disclose an orthogonal functionalization strategy capable of introducing a range of substituents into previously inaccessible positions on arylphosphines. The strongly coordinating phosphine group acts solely as a bystander in the sterically controlled borylation of bulky phosphines, and the resulting borylated phosphines serve as the supporting ligands for palladium during diversification through phosphine self‐assisted Suzuki‐Miyaura reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Marco Bengsch
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Nico Tchorz
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Constanze N. Neumann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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Rzayev J, Zhang Z, Durand N, Soulé JF. Upgrading Carbazolyl-Derived Phosphine Ligands Using Rh I-Catalyzed P III-Directed C-H Bond Alkylation for Catalytic CO 2-Fixation Reactions. Org Lett 2022; 24:6755-6760. [PMID: 36083787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report an Rh(I)-catalyzed C-H bond alkylation of PhenCarPhos [N-(2-(diphenylphosphaneyl)phenyl)carbazole] and some congener phosphine ligands with alkenes. The C-H bond functionalization occurred exclusively at the C1 position of the carbazolyl unit because the trivalent phosphine acts as a directing group. This protocol provides straightforward access to a large library of C1-alkyl substituted PhenCarPhos, which outperformed common commercial or unfunctionalized phosphines and their precursors in the Pd-catalyzed carbon dioxide-fixation reactions with propargylic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Rzayev
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Zhuan Zhang
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Natacha Durand
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Wang D, Li M, Shuang C, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Wang M, Shi Z. Rhodium-catalyzed selective direct arylation of phosphines with aryl bromides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2934. [PMID: 35614077 PMCID: PMC9132997 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of phosphine ligand libraries is frequently hampered by the challenges associated with their modular preparation. Here, we report a protocol that appends arenes to arylphosphines to access a series of biaryl monophosphines via rhodium-catalyzed P(III)-directed ortho C-H activation, enabling unprecedented one-fold, two-fold, and three-fold direct arylation. Our experimental and theoretical findings reveal a mechanism involving oxidative addition of aryl bromides to the Rh catalyst, further ortho C-H metalation via a four-membered cyclometalated ring. Given the ready availability of substrates, our approach opens the door to developing more general methods for the construction of phosphine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chengdong Shuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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Fu Y, Chen CH, Huang MG, Tao JY, Peng X, Xu HB, Liu YJ, Zeng MH. Remote C5-Selective Functionalization of Naphthalene Enabled by P–Ru–C Bond-Directed δ-Activation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueliuting Fu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Cui-Hong Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Mao-Gui Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun-Yang Tao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xu Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hai-Bing Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yue-Jin Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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