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Dong Z, Li Z, Hu P, Guo T, Zhang P, Zhu C. Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/Chalcogenation with Elemental S 8/Se: Concise Synthesis of 3-(β-Hydroxychalcogen)benzofurans. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9641-9646. [PMID: 38910296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel copper-catalyzed cyclization/chalcogenation of o-alkynylphenols with epoxides and elemental S8/Se was developed for the synthesis of a 3-chalcogen-benzofuran architecture in a domino process with no intermediate isolation or purification. Various sensitive functional groups were compatible at room temperature and furnished chalcogenation derivatives in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Dong
- Institute for Food Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100061, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Penghua Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Panke Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Henan Advanced Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Congjun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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2
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Brunelli F, Russo C, Giustiniano M, Tron GC. Each Interruption is an Opportunity: Novel Synthetic Strategies Explored Through Interrupted Click Reactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303844. [PMID: 38408267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The particular and unique mechanism of the copper-catalyzed reaction between azides and alkynes (CuAAC) has not only allowed for the efficient synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted 1,4-triazoles in excellent yields and under mild conditions, becoming the quintessential click reaction, but it has also enabled the straightforward formation of a metallocycle intermediate, the copper triazolyl. This, under suitable reaction conditions able to suppress its protonolysis, can be used either for the creation of new bicyclic triazolyl structures or for the generation of novel three or four-component reactions. The aim of this review is to rationalize and unify all these transformations, which are collectively referred to as "interrupted click reactions".
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brunelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi, Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi, Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
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3
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Wiest A, Kielkowski P. Cu-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne-Thiol Reaction Forms Ubiquitous Background in Chemical Proteomic Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2151-2159. [PMID: 38214237 PMCID: PMC10811670 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
We report here a Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne-thiol reaction forming thiotriazoles as the major byproduct under widely used bio-orthogonal protein labeling "click" conditions. The development of Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) had a tremendous impact on many biological discoveries. However, the considered chemoselectivity of CuAAC is hampered by the high reactivity of cysteine free thiols, yielding thiotriazole protein conjugates. The reaction byproducts generate false-positive protein hits in functional proteomic studies. The reported detail investigation of conjugates between chemical probes containing terminal alkynes, azide tags, and cell lysates reveals the formation of thiotriazoles, which can be readily detected by in-gel fluorescence scanning or after peptide and protein enrichment by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. In protein level identification and quantification experiments, the produced fluorescent bands or enriched proteins may not result from the important enzymatically driven reaction and can be falsely assigned as hits. This study provides a complete list of the most common background proteins. The knowledge of this previously overlooked reactivity now leads to the introduction of modified CuAAC conditions, which avoids the undesired product formation, diminishes the background, and hence improves the signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wiest
- Department of Chemistry, LMU Munich, Würmtalstr. 201, 81375 Munich, Germany
| | - Pavel Kielkowski
- Department of Chemistry, LMU Munich, Würmtalstr. 201, 81375 Munich, Germany
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Hosseininezhad S, Ramazani A. Recent advances in the application of alkynes in multicomponent reactions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:278-352. [PMID: 38173570 PMCID: PMC10759206 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Alkynes have two active positions to carry out chemical reactions: C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C and C-H. These two positions are involved and activated in different reactions using different reagents. In this study, we investigated the reactions of alkynes that are involved in multi-component reactions through the C-C and C-H positions and examined the progress and gaps of each reaction by carefully studying the mechanism of the reactions. Firstly, we investigated and analyzed the reactions involving the C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C position of alkynes, including the reactions between derivatives of alkynes with RN3, sulfur compounds (RSO2R', DMSO, S8, DABCO(SO2)2 and DABSO), barbituric acids, aldehydes and amines, COOH, α-diazoesters or ketones, and isocyanides. Then, we examined and analyzed the important reactions involving the C-H position of alkynes and the progress and gaps in these reactions, including the reaction between alkyne derivatives with amines and aldehydes for the synthesis of propargylamines, the reaction between alkynes with CO2 and the reaction between alkynes with CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmohammad Hosseininezhad
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
- The Convergent Sciences & Technologies Laboratory (CSTL), Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan Zanjan 45371-38791 Iran
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Guo H, Zhou B, Chang J, Chang W, Feng J, Zhang Z. Multicomponent cyclization with azides to synthesize N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8054-8074. [PMID: 37801029 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds, both naturally derived and synthetically produced, constitute a wide variety of biologically active and industrially important compounds. The synthesis and application of heterocyclic compounds have garnered significant attention and experienced rapid growth in recent decades. Organic azides, due to their unique properties and distinctive reactivity, have become a convenient chemical tool for achieving a wide range of heterocycles such as triazoles and tetrazoles. Importantly, the field of multicomponent reaction (MCR) chemistry provides a convergent approach to access various N-heterocyclic scaffolds, offering novelty, diversity, and complexity. However, the exploration of MCR pathways to N-heterocyclic compounds remains incomplete. Here, we review the use of multicomponent reactions for the preparation of N-heterocycles. A wide range of reactions based on azides for the synthesis of various types of N-heterocyclic systems have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Bei Zhou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jingjing Chang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wenxu Chang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jiyao Feng
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Teixeira WKO, de Albuquerque DY, Zukerman-Schpector J, Seckler D, Rampon DS, Schwab RS. Copper-Mediated Intramolecular Interrupted CuAAC Selanylation. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37467464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
We, herein, describe a copper-mediated domino CuAAC intramolecular selanylation for the synthesis of unprecedented fused benzo[4,5][1,3]selenazolo[3,2-c][1,2,3]triazoles from 1,2-bis(2-azidoaryl)diselenides and terminal alkynes under microwave irradiation. This is the seminal method for the synthesis of these fused heterocycles, and it proceeds under mild conditions, tolerates several functional groups, and can be carried out using environmentally benign solvents such as dimethyl carbonate. This transformation has been successfully extended to TMS-protected alkynes and to bioactive alkynes. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed based on several control experiments and previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wystan K O Teixeira
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Yano de Albuquerque
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Zukerman-Schpector
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Seckler
- Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, P. O. Box 19061, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Rampon
- Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, P. O. Box 19061, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Schwab
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Sun BX, Wang XN, Fan TG, Hou YJ, Shen YT, Li YM. Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Multicomponent Reaction of Azides, Alkynes, and Selenium: Synthesis of Ditriazolyl Diselenides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4528-4535. [PMID: 36913662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed cascade multicomponent reaction for synthesizing ditriazolyl diselenides from azides, terminal alkynes, and elemental selenium has been developed. The present reaction features utilizing readily available and stable reagents, high atom-economy, and mild reaction conditions. A possible mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Xun Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Nan Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Gang Fan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jian Hou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Tao Shen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Min Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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8
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Hou YJ, Li Y, Zhao ZW, Fan TG, Sun BX, Wang XN, Li YM. Oxidative Dehydrogenative Coupling of Thiols with Alkanes for the Synthesis of Sulfoxides. Org Lett 2023; 25:517-521. [PMID: 36649602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative dehydrogenative coupling of thiols with alkanes via direct C(sp3)-H bond functionalization to form a new C-S bond and S═O double bond was developed. The present reaction features the use of readily available reagents and high step- and atom-efficiency, thus providing an efficient access to sulfoxides. A possible mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jian Hou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Gang Fan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Xun Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Nan Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Min Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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Yu S, Chen Z, Chen Q, Lin S, He J, Tao G, Wang Z. Research Progress in Synthesis and Application of Thiosulfonates. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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