Li M, Feng Z, Duan C, Zhang T, Shi Y. Confinement Effect in Metal-Organic Framework Cu
3(
BTC)
2 for Enhancing Shape Selectivity of Radical Difunctionalization of Alkenes.
ACS OMEGA 2024;
9:14233-14240. [PMID:
38559924 PMCID:
PMC10976352 DOI:
10.1021/acsomega.3c09911]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The radical difunctionalization of alkenes plays a vital role in pharmacy, but the conventional homogeneous catalytic systems are challenging in selectivity and sustainability to afford the target molecules. Herein, the famous readily available metal-organic framework (MOF), Cu3(BTC)2, has been applied to cyano-trifluoromethylation of alkenes as a high-performance and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, which possesses copper(II) active sites residing in funnel-like cavities. Under mild conditions, styrene derivatives and various unactivated olefins could be smoothly transformed into the corresponding cyano-trifluoromethylation products. Moreover, the transformation brought about by the active copper center in confined environments achieved regio- and shape selectivity. To understand the enhanced selectivity, the activation manner of the MOF catalyst was studied with control catalytic experiments such as FT-IR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy of substrate-incorporated Cu3(BTC)2, which elucidated that the catalyst underwent a radical transformation with the intermediates confined in the MOF cavity, and the confinement effect endowed the method with pronounced selectivities.
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