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Huang CY, Jiang N, Shen M, Lai GG, Tan AC, Jain A, Saw SP, Ang MK, Ng QS, Lim DW, Kanesvaran R, Tan EH, Tan WL, Ong BH, Chua KL, Anantham D, Takano AM, Lim KH, Tam WL, Sim NL, Skanderup AJ, Tan DS, Rozen SG. Oncogene-Driven Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers in Patients with a History of Smoking Lack Smoking-Induced Mutations. Cancer Res 2024; 84:2009-2020. [PMID: 38587551 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) in nonsmokers are mostly driven by mutations in the oncogenes EGFR, ERBB2, and MET and fusions involving ALK and RET. In addition to occurring in nonsmokers, alterations in these "nonsmoking-related oncogenes" (NSRO) also occur in smokers. To better understand the clonal architecture and genomic landscape of NSRO-driven tumors in smokers compared with typical-smoking NSCLCs, we investigated genomic and transcriptomic alterations in 173 tumor sectors from 48 NSCLC patients. NSRO-driven NSCLCs in smokers and nonsmokers had similar genomic landscapes. Surprisingly, even in patients with prominent smoking histories, the mutational signature caused by tobacco smoking was essentially absent in NSRO-driven NSCLCs, which was confirmed in two large NSCLC data sets from other geographic regions. However, NSRO-driven NSCLCs in smokers had higher transcriptomic activities related to the regulation of the cell cycle. These findings suggest that, whereas the genomic landscape is similar between NSRO-driven NSCLC in smokers and nonsmokers, smoking still affects the tumor phenotype independently of genomic alterations. SIGNIFICANCE Non-small cell lung cancers driven by nonsmoking-related oncogenes do not harbor genomic scars caused by smoking regardless of smoking history, indicating that the impact of smoking on these tumors is mainly nongenomic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yang Huang
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Nanhai Jiang
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meixin Shen
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gillianne G Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron C Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Jain
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephanie P Saw
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Kim Ang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quan Sing Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren W Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ravindran Kanesvaran
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Ling Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon-Hean Ong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin L Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Devanand Anantham
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela M Takano
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ngak Leng Sim
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders J Skanderup
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel S Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Kalla J, Pfneissl J, Mair T, Tran L, Egger G. A systematic review on the culture methods and applications of 3D tumoroids for cancer research and personalized medicine. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00960-8. [PMID: 38806997 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, and thus treatment responses vary greatly between patients. To improve therapy efficacy and outcome for cancer patients, more representative and patient-specific preclinical models are needed. Organoids and tumoroids are 3D cell culture models that typically retain the genetic and epigenetic characteristics, as well as the morphology, of their tissue of origin. Thus, they can be used to understand the underlying mechanisms of cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis in a more physiological setting. Additionally, co-culture methods of tumoroids and cancer-associated cells can help to understand the interplay between a tumor and its tumor microenvironment. In recent years, tumoroids have already helped to refine treatments and to identify new targets for cancer therapy. Advanced culturing systems such as chip-based fluidic devices and bioprinting methods in combination with tumoroids have been used for high-throughput applications for personalized medicine. Even though organoid and tumoroid models are complex in vitro systems, validation of results in vivo is still the common practice. Here, we describe how both animal- and human-derived tumoroids have helped to identify novel vulnerabilities for cancer treatment in recent years, and how they are currently used for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kalla
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janette Pfneissl
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresia Mair
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loan Tran
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Egger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Ryad N, Elmaaty AA, M Ibrahim I, Ahmed Maghrabi AH, Yahya Alahdal MA, Saleem RM, Zaki I, Ghany LM. Harnessing molecular hybridization approach to discover novel quinoline EGFR-TK inhibitors for cancer treatment. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1087-1107. [PMID: 38722235 PMCID: PMC11216632 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2342201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Using molecular hybridization approach, novel 18 quinoline derivatives (6a-11) were designed and synthesized as EGFR-TK inhibitors. Materials & methods: The antiproliferative activity was assessed against breast (MCF-7), leukemia (HL-60) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines. Moreover, the most active quinoline derivatives (6d and 8b) were further investigated for their potential as EGFR-TK inhibitors. In addition, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis induction activity were conducted. Results: A considerable cytotoxic activity was attained with IC50 values spanning from 0.06 to 1.12 μM. Besides, the quinoline derivatives 6d and 8b displayed potent inhibitory activity against EFGR with IC50 values of 0.18 and 0.08 μM, respectively. Conclusion: Accordingly, the afforded quinoline derivatives can be used as promising lead anticancer candidates for future optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Ryad
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman Abo Elmaaty
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hassan Ahmed Maghrabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rasha Mohammed Saleem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, 65431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Zaki
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Lina M A Abdel Ghany
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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4
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Chen F, Naughton KJ, Lee JH, Brainson CF. Using 3-Dimensional Cultures to Propagate Genetically Modified Lung Organoids. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2805:19-30. [PMID: 39008172 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3854-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Transformed lung organoids have extensive applications in lung cancer modeling and drug screening. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures fail to propagate a large subpopulation of murine primary tumors in vitro. However, three-dimensional (3D) air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures, which are employed to grow normal lung organoids, can be used to efficiently culture cancerous lung tumor cells. Here, we detail a procedure for cultivating genetically modified lung organoids in 3D-ALI cultures. This protocol contains two parts. The first part describes how to transduce lung epithelial cells, which are either freshly sorted from lungs or from actively growing murine organoids, with virus in order to modify gene expression. The target lung cells are incubated with virus for 1-2 h for transduction. Then, the transduced cells are thoroughly washed and mixed with stromal support cells and Matrigel and are loaded into transwell inserts for culture and validated for genetic modifications through downstream assays. The second part describes how to isolate tumor cells growing orthotopically in genetically engineered mouse models to produce organoid cell lines that can be used for ex vivo drug discovery assays. For this protocol, tumors are isolated from lungs of mice, finely chopped and washed. Then, tumor chunks are mixed with Matrigel for 3D-ALI culture. Finally, organoids budding from tumor chunks are trypsinized and passaged to establish an organoid line. Together these two protocols provide a promising platform to study the genesis, progression, and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kassandra J Naughton
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joo-Hyeon Lee
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christine F Brainson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Tan J, Mao W, Long S, Zhang T. Metastasis-related long non-coding RNAs AL359220.1, SH3BP5-AS1 and ZF-AS1 are significant for prognostic assessment of lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7551-7564. [PMID: 37566767 PMCID: PMC10457074 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) severely worsens prognosis. Genetic alteration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely associated with metastasis and other malignant biological properties of LUAD. In this study, we establish a metastasis-related risk model to accurately predict LUAD prognosis. METHODS RNA-sequencing profiles and clinical data of LUAD patients including 503 tumor tissues and 54 adjacent normal tissues were collected in TCGA database. Additionally, the paired specimens from 156 LUAD patients were obtained in a single center. The metastatic relevance and clinical significance of metastasis-related long non-coding RNA (MRLNRs) was validated by series of in vitro experiments including western blotting, qPCR and transwell assays. RESULTS Six MRLNRs were significantly correlated to prognoses of LUAD patients, of which AL359220.1, SH3BP5-AS1 and ZF-AS1 were further used to establish a metastasis-related risk scoring model (MRRS) due to the close associations with overall survival of LUAD patients. According to the MRRS, patients with higher scores in the high-risk group obtained poorer prognoses and survival outcomes. ZFAS1 expressed highly in tumor tissues and showed the inverse results compared to SH3BP5-AS1 and AL359220.1. In addition, the high expression of ZFAS1 was prominently correlated to the more advanced T-stage and distant metastasis. The reduction of ZFAS1 induced by siRNAs dramatically diminished the migration and invasion abilities of LUAD cells. CONCLUSIONS In the present research, we elucidate the metastatic relevance and clinical significance of AL359220.1, SH3BP5-AS1 and ZF-AS1 in LUAD. Moreover, MRRS provide a promising assessing model for clinical decision making and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Tan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Oncology, Three Gorges Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Weilin Mao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuzi Long
- Department of Oncology, Three Gorges Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Zeng X, Ma Q, Li XK, You LT, Li J, Fu X, You FM, Ren YF. Patient-derived organoids of lung cancer based on organoids-on-a-chip: enhancing clinical and translational applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1205157. [PMID: 37304140 PMCID: PMC10250649 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1205157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality due to significant individual characteristics and genetic heterogeneity. Personalized treatment is necessary to improve the overall survival rate of the patients. In recent years, the development of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) enables lung cancer diseases to be simulated in the real world, and closely reflects the pathophysiological characteristics of natural tumor occurrence and metastasis, highlighting their great potential in biomedical applications, translational medicine, and personalized treatment. However, the inherent defects of traditional organoids, such as poor stability, the tumor microenvironment with simple components and low throughput, limit their further clinical transformation and applications. In this review, we summarized the developments and applications of lung cancer PDOs and discussed the limitations of traditional PDOs in clinical transformation. Herein, we looked into the future and proposed that organoids-on-a-chip based on microfluidic technology are advantageous for personalized drug screening. In addition, combined with recent advances in lung cancer research, we explored the translational value and future development direction of organoids-on-a-chip in the precision treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Ke Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Ting You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng-Ming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Feng Ren
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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7
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Guo L, Zhou W, Xu Z, Cao X, Wan S, Zhang YY, Zhang J, Lu H. Identification of IRAK1BP1 as a candidate prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1132811. [PMID: 36994215 PMCID: PMC10040777 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1132811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionLung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of surgically removed tumors has been used to identify new biomarkers of lung cancer; however, contamination by non-tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment significantly interferes with the search for novel biomarkers. Tumor organoids, as a pre-clinical cancer model, exhibit similar molecular characteristics with tumor samples while minimizing the interference from other cells.Methods and ResultsHere we analyzed six RNA-seq datasets collected from different organoid models, in which cells with oncogenic mutations were reprogrammed to mimic lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumorigenesis. We uncovered 9 LUAD-specific biomarker genes by integrating transcriptomic data from multiple sources, and identified IRAK1BP1 as a novel predictor of LUAD disease outcome. Validation with RNA-seq and microarray data collected from multiple patient cohorts, as well as patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and lung cancer cell line models confirmed that IRAK1BP1 expression was significantly lower in tumor cells, and had no correlation with known markers oflung cancer prognosis. In addition, loss of IRAK1BP1 correlated with the group of LUAD patients with worse survival; and gene-set enrichment analysis using tumor and cell line data implicated that high IRAK1BP1 expression was associated with suppression of oncogenic pathways.DiscussionIn conclusion, we demonstrate that IRAK1BP1 is a promising biomarker of LUAD prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiya Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yi Zhang
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Ying Yi Zhang, ; Jie Zhang, ; Hezhe Lu,
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Yi Zhang, ; Jie Zhang, ; Hezhe Lu,
| | - Hezhe Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Yi Zhang, ; Jie Zhang, ; Hezhe Lu,
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8
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The application of patient-derived organoid in the research of lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:503-519. [PMID: 36696006 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, mechanisms of its progression remained unclear and new treatments against this disease are rapidly emerging. As a novel preclinical model, patient-derived organoid (PDO) can also be established from the patient's tumor tissue and cultured in the laboratory, which preserves the key biological characteristics of the original tumor. Compared to the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of lung cancer, the culture success rate is improved, and the time and cost of model establishment are largely reduced. PDO is also expected to provide a more individual model to predict the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment in vitro. This paper summarizes the current application of PDO in the translational research of lung cancer.
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9
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Generation of genetically engineered mice for lung cancer with mutant EGFR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 632:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Ou L, Tang Y, Deng Y, Guo L, He Q, He T, Feng W. Case Report: Durable partial response to icotinib plus crizotinib in a lung adenocarcinoma patient with double uncommon EGFR G719D/L861Q mutations and an acquired novel CUX1-MET fusion. Front Oncol 2022; 12:911362. [PMID: 35957915 PMCID: PMC9360523 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.911362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring MET exon 14 skipping or high MET amplification display a high rate of response to MET inhibitors. However, MET fusions in NSCLC have rarely been revealed. In this report, a 63-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), harboring EGFR exon 18 G719D and exon 21 L861Q mutations, received first-generation, EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) icotinib therapy. Next generation sequencing (NGS) results only displayed an EGFR T790M point mutation following icotinib resistance. Thus, the patient was treated with osimertinib and achieved a stable disease (SD). However, disease progressed after 15 months and a novel MET fusion (CUX1 exon14-MET exon15) in addition to EGFR G719D/L861Q mutations were simultaneously detected in a tissue biopsy sample. After more than nine months, the patient subsequently achieved a PR with the combination of icotinib and crizotinib. To our knowledge, this is the first case of LADC patient displaying the presence of EGFR double uncommon mutations and an acquired novel CUX1-MET fusion that has benefited from icotinib plus crizotinib treatment. Following nine months of PR with icotinib plus crizotinib, the patient, until the time of publication, is exhibiting stable disease. The results suggest that the CUX1-MET fusion may be sensitive to crizotinib, although previous reports indicated that some MET fusion cases did not respond to crizotinib. Given this disparity, distinguishing MET fusion partners when crizotinib is used in LADC treatment is also very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzi Ou
- Oncology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yicong Tang
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yanming Deng
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Lijie Guo
- Medical Department Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing He
- Medical Department Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting He
- Medical Department Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Weineng Feng
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Weineng Feng,
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11
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Seguin L, Durandy M, Feral CC. Lung Adenocarcinoma Tumor Origin: A Guide for Personalized Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071759. [PMID: 35406531 PMCID: PMC8996976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with an average 5-year survival rate of approximately 15%. Among the multiple histological type of lung cancer, adenocarcinoma is the most common. Adenocarcinoma is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity at many levels, including histological, cellular, and molecular. Understanding the cell of origin of adenocarcinoma, and the molecular changes during tumor progression, will allow better therapeutic strategies. Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma, the major form of lung cancer, is the deadliest cancer worldwide, due to its late diagnosis and its high heterogeneity. Indeed, lung adenocarcinoma exhibits pronounced inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity cofounding precision medicine. Tumor heterogeneity is a clinical challenge driving tumor progression and drug resistance. Several key pieces of evidence demonstrated that lung adenocarcinoma results from the transformation of progenitor cells that accumulate genetic abnormalities. Thus, a better understanding of the cell of origin of lung adenocarcinoma represents an opportunity to unveil new therapeutic alternatives and stratify patient tumors. While the lung is remarkably quiescent during homeostasis, it presents an extensive ability to respond to injury and regenerate lost or damaged cells. As the lung is constantly exposed to potential insult, its regenerative potential is assured by several stem and progenitor cells. These can be induced to proliferate in response to injury as well as differentiate into multiple cell types. A better understanding of how genetic alterations and perturbed microenvironments impact progenitor-mediated tumorigenesis and treatment response is of the utmost importance to develop new therapeutic opportunities.
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12
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Pan Z, Liu H, Chen J. [Lung Cancer Stem-like Cells and Drug Resistance]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:111-117. [PMID: 35224964 PMCID: PMC8913289 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death world-wide. Therapy resistance and relapse are considered major reasons contributing to the poor survival rates of lung cancer. Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that a small subpopulation of stem-like cells existed within lung cancer tissues and cell lines, possessing the abilities of self-renewal, multipotent differentiation and unlimited proliferation. These lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSCs) can generate tumors with high effeciency in vivo, survive cytotoxic therapies, and eventually lead to therapy resistance and recurrence. In this review, we would like to present recent knowledges on LCSCs, including the origins where they come from, the molecular features to identify them, and key mechanisms for them to survive and develop resistance, in order to provide a better view for targeting them in future clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China.,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Zheng J, Cui T, Li T. Observation on the clinical efficacy and side effects of EGFR-TKI ± chemotherapy in the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221145447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and side effects of EGFR-TKI with or without chemotherapy in the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 103 IIIB or IV EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma patients admitted to the oncology department of Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2017 to October 2020 were selected. According to genetic mutation status, patients were divided into the following groups: 19del alone, 19del combined with TP53 or other co-mutations, L858R mutation alone, and L858R mutation combined with TP53 or other co-mutations. Targeted drugs or targeted drugs combined with chemotherapy were respectively administered in the four groups. In patients with simple 19 deletion, only targeted drugs with no combined therapy were applied, resulting in seven total groups. The difference between short-term treatment and long-term treatment effects and the occurrence of adverse reactions was calculated and compared. Results There was no statistical significance of difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in seven groups ( p > 0.05). The short-term disease control rate of the combination group was higher than the targeted drug group with the difference yielding statistical significance ( p < 0.001). The short-term objective response rate of the combination group was higher than the targeted drug group, also yielding statistical significance ( p < 0.001). By October 2020, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16 months in the EGFR-TKI-targeted combined with chemotherapy group and 10 months in the single-drug EGFR-TKI group, and the PFS time was longer in the combination group than in the single targeted drug group, the difference being statistically significant ( p = 0.001). Conclusions In the treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR-gene sensitive mutations, compared with single EGFR-TKI-targeted therapy, EGFR-TKI-targeted drug combined chemotherapy can control the disease progression more effectively, and does not increase adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tongjian Cui
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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