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Beck EA, Hetrick B, Nassar L, Turnbull DW, Dean TA, Gannon M, Aagaard KM, Wesolowski SR, Friedman JE, Kievit P, McCurdy CE. Maternal Western-style diet programs skeletal muscle gene expression in lean adolescent Japanese macaque offspring. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594191. [PMID: 38826380 PMCID: PMC11142092 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to maternal obesity or a maternal calorically dense Western-style diet (WSD) is strongly associated with a greater risk of metabolic diseases in offspring, most notably insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Prior studies in our well-characterized Japanese macaque model demonstrated that offspring of dams fed a WSD, even when weaned onto a control (CTR) diet, had reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism and increased skeletal muscle insulin resistance compared to offspring of dams on CTR diet. In the current study, we employed a nested design to test for differences in gene expression in skeletal muscle from lean 3-year-old adolescent offspring from dams fed a maternal WSD in both the presence and absence of maternal obesity or lean dams fed a CTR diet. We included offspring weaned to both a WSD or CTR diet to further account for differences in response to post-weaning diet and interaction effects between diets. Overall, we found that a maternal WSD fed to dams during pregnancy and lactation was the principal driver of differential gene expression (DEG) in offspring muscle at this time point. We identified key gene pathways important in insulin signaling including PI3K-Akt and MAP-kinase, regulation of muscle regeneration, and transcription-translation feedback loops, in both male and female offspring. Muscle DEG showed no measurable difference between offspring of obese dams on WSD compared to those of lean dams fed WSD. A post-weaning WSD effected offspring transcription only in individuals from the maternal CTR diet group but not in maternal WSD group. Collectively, we identify that maternal diet composition has a significant and lasting impact on offspring muscle transcriptome and influences later transcriptional response to WSD in muscle, which may underlie the increased metabolic disease risk in offspring.
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Qin X, Tan Y, Ren W, Zhou W, Niu R, Liang L, Li J, Cao K, Wei G, Zhu X, Huang M. Elevated expression of LCN13 through FXR activation ameliorates hepatocellular lipid accumulation and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111812. [PMID: 38493698 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipocalin 13 (LCN13) is a member of the lipocalin family that consists of numerous secretory proteins. LCN13 high-expression has been reported to possess anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD) including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are frequently associated with obesity and insulin resistance, the functional role of endogenous LCN13 and the therapeutic effect of LCN13 in MASH and related metabolic deterioration have not been evaluated. METHODS We employed a methionine-choline deficient diet model and MASH cell models to investigate the role of LCN13 in MASH development. We sought to explore the effects of LCN13 on lipid metabolism and inflammation in hepatocytes under PA/OA exposure using Western blotting, real-time RT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hematoxylin and eosin staining, oil red O staining. Using RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and luciferase reporter assays to elucidate whether farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates human LCN13 transcription as a transcription factor. RESULTS Our study found that LCN13 was down-regulated in MASH patients, MASH mouse and cell models. LCN13 overexpression in hepatocyte cells significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and inflammation in vitro. Conversely, LCN13 downregulation significantly exacerbated lipid accumulation and inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we provided the first evidence that LCN13 was transcriptionally activated by FXR, representing a novel direct target gene of FXR. And the key promoter region of LCN13 binds to FXR was also elucidated. We further revealed that LCN13 overexpression via FXR activation ameliorates hepatocellular lipid accumulation and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, LCN13-down-regulated mice exhibited aggravated MASH phenotypes, including increased hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insight regarding the protective role of LCN13 in MASH development and suggest an innovative therapeutic strategy for treating MASH or related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongyao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weishu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rouxi Niu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linyue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinling Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kaiyuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guohong Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), MinisCtry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; The Third People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519060, China.
| | - Mingxing Huang
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519060, China.
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Wang S, Tang Y, Chen X, Song S, Chen X, Zhou Q, Zeng L. Mitochondrial-related hub genes in dermatomyositis: muscle and skin datasets-based identification and in vivo validation. Front Genet 2024; 15:1325035. [PMID: 38389573 PMCID: PMC10882082 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1325035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis (DM), a rare autoimmune disease affecting the skin and muscles. However, the genetic basis underlying dysfunctional mitochondria and the development of DM remains incomplete. Methods: The datasets of DM muscle and skin tissues were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The mitochondrial related genes (MRGs) were retrieved from MitoCarta. DM-related modules in muscle and skin tissues were identified with the analysis of weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), and then compared with the MRGs to obtain the overlapping mitochondrial related module genes (mito-MGs). Subsequently, differential expression genes (DEGs) obtained from muscle and skin datasets were overlapped with MRGs to identify mitochondrial related DEGs (mito-DEGs). Next, functional enrichment analysis was applied to analyze possible relevant biological pathways. We used the Jvenn online tool to intersect mito-MGs with mito-DEGs to identify hub genes and validate them using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, we evaluated immune infiltration in muscle and skin tissues of DM patients using the one-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm and predicted potential transcription factor (TF) -gene network by NetworkAnalyst. Results: The WGCNA analysis revealed 105 mito-MGs, while the DEG analysis identified 3 mito-DEGs. These genes showed functional enrichment for amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Through the intersection analysis of the mito-MGs from the WGCNA analysis and the mito-DEGs from the DEG set, three DM mito-hub genes (IFI27, CMPK2, and LAP3) were identified and validated by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between hub genes and immune cell abundance. The TF-hub gene regulatory network revealed significant interactions involving ERG, VDR, and ZFX with CMPK2 and LAP3, as well as SOX2 with LAP3 and IFI27, and AR with IFI27 and CMPK2. Conclusion: The mito-hub genes (IFI27, CMPK2, and LAP3) are identified in both muscles and skin tissues from DM patients. These genes may be associated with immune infiltration in DM, providing a new entry point for the pathogenesis of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Song
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Sagou K, Sato Y, Okuno Y, Watanabe T, Inagaki T, Motooka Y, Toyokuni S, Murata T, Kiyoi H, Kimura H. Epstein-Barr virus lytic gene BNRF1 promotes B-cell lymphomagenesis via IFI27 upregulation. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011954. [PMID: 38300891 PMCID: PMC10833513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human lymphotropic herpesvirus that is causally associated with several malignancies. In addition to latent factors, lytic replication contributes to cancer development. In this study, we examined whether the lytic gene BNRF1, which is conserved among gamma-herpesviruses, has an important role in lymphomagenesis. We found that lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) established by BNRF1-knockout EBV exhibited remarkably lower pathogenicity in a mice xenograft model than LCLs produced by wild-type EBV (LCLs-WT). RNA-seq analyses revealed that BNRF1 elicited the expression of interferon-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), which promotes cell proliferation. IFI27 knockdown in LCLs-WT resulted in excessive production of reactive oxygen species, leading to cell death and significantly decreased their pathogenicity in vivo. We also confirmed that IFI27 was upregulated during primary infection in B-cells. Our findings revealed that BNRF1 promoted robust proliferation of the B-cells that were transformed by EBV latent infection via IFI27 upregulation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sagou
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sato
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Department of Virology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoki Inagaki
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yashiro Motooka
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murata
- Department of Virology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kiyoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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