1
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Zhang L, Li P, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo L. p18 encoded by FgGMTV1 is responsible for asymptomatic infection in Fusarium graminearum. mBio 2024:e0306624. [PMID: 39584833 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03066-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between mycoviruses and their fungal hosts frequently culminates in asymptomatic infections, but the virus-derived factors underlying these infections remain poorly understood. Our study introduces p18, a novel protein encoded by the DNA-C segment of the genomovirus FgGMTV1, which facilitates the transition from virus-induced hypovirulence to asymptomatic infection within Fusarium graminearum upon its expression. We have confirmed the expression of p18 during FgGMTV1 infection and observed its presence in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Remarkably, strains with a p18 null mutation show a significant reduction in colony expansion, conidial production, and virulence, leading to a hypovirulent phenotype. Our results also indicate that p18 hinders the accumulation of FgGMTV1, thus determining asymptomatic infection and enabling vertical transmission through conidia. Furthermore, the p18 null mutant virus converts F. graminearum from virulent to hypovirulent strains on wheat leaves after horizontal transmission. This work not only expands our knowledge of the genomovirus proteome but also provides insights into the strategies of viral evolution and adaptation. Moreover, we propose an innovative approach for creating hypovirulent strains utilizing engineered mycoviruses for the biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi. IMPORTANCE Mycovirus-fungus interplay often leads to asymptomatic infections. Our study identifies p18, a novel protein from the genomovirus FgGMTV1, as a key determinant of asymptomatic infection in Fusarium graminearum. A p18-null mutant exhibits a pronounced hypovirulent phenotype. By modulating viral accumulation, p18 promotes asymptomatic infection and facilitates vertical transmission via conidia. This insight deepens our understanding of mycovirus-fungus interactions and introduces a novel strategy for biocontrol using engineered mycoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Xie J, Jiang D. Understanding the Diversity, Evolution, Ecology, and Applications of Mycoviruses. Annu Rev Microbiol 2024; 78:595-620. [PMID: 39348839 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Mycoviruses are widely distributed among various kinds of fungi. Over the past 10 years, more novel mycoviruses have been discovered with the use of high-throughput sequencing techniques, and research on mycoviruses has made fantastic progress, promoting our understanding of the diversity, classification, evolution, and ecology of the entire virosphere. Mycoviruses affect the biological and ecological functions of their hosts, for example, by suppressing or improving hosts' virulence and reproduction ability, and subsequently affect the microbiological community where their hosts live; hence, we may develop mycoviruses to regulate the health of environments, plants, animals, and human beings. In this review, we introduce recently discovered mycoviruses from fungi of humans, animals, plants, and environments, and their diversity, evolution, and ecological characteristics. We also present the potential application of mycoviruses by describing the latest progress on using mycoviruses to control plant diseases. Finally, we discuss the main issues facing mycovirus research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; ,
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; ,
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3
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Liu C, Kogel K, Ladera‐Carmona M. Harnessing RNA interference for the control of Fusarium species: A critical review. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e70011. [PMID: 39363756 PMCID: PMC11450251 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium fungi are a pervasive threat to global agricultural productivity. They cause a spectrum of plant diseases that result in significant yield losses and threaten food safety by producing mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health. In recent years, the exploitation of the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism has emerged as a promising avenue for the control of Fusarium-induced diseases, providing both a mechanistic understanding of Fusarium gene function and a potential strategy for environmentally sustainable disease management. However, despite significant progress in elucidating the presence and function of the RNAi pathway in different Fusarium species, a comprehensive understanding of its individual protein components and underlying silencing mechanisms remains elusive. Accordingly, while a considerable number of RNAi-based approaches to Fusarium control have been developed and many reports of RNAi applications in Fusarium control under laboratory conditions have been published, the applicability of this knowledge in agronomic settings remains an open question, and few convincing data on RNAi-based disease control under field conditions have been published. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the role of RNAi in Fusarium disease control by evaluating current research and highlighting important avenues for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Liu
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Karl‐Heinz Kogel
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRSUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Maria Ladera‐Carmona
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
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4
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Stakheev AA, Taliansky M, Kalinina NO, Zavriev SK. RNAi-Based Approaches to Control Mycotoxin Producers: Challenges and Perspectives. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:682. [PMID: 39452634 PMCID: PMC11508363 DOI: 10.3390/jof10100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of food and feed is a worldwide problem that needs to be addressed with highly efficient and biologically safe techniques. RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural mechanism playing an important role in different processes in eukaryotes, including the regulation of gene expression, maintenance of genome stability, protection against viruses and others. Recently, RNAi-based techniques have been widely applied for the purposes of food safety and management of plant diseases, including those caused by mycotoxin-producing fungi. In this review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art RNAi-based approaches for reducing the aggressiveness of key toxigenic fungal pathogens and mycotoxin contamination of grain and its products. The ways of improving RNAi efficiency for plant protection and future perspectives of this technique, including progress in methods of double-stranded RNA production and its delivery to the target cells, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Stakheev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Taliansky
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia O. Kalinina
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey K. Zavriev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Khalifa ME, Ayllón MA, Rodriguez Coy L, Plummer KM, Gendall AR, Chooi KM, van Kan JAL, MacDiarmid RM. Mycologists and Virologists Align: Proposing Botrytis cinerea for Global Mycovirus Studies. Viruses 2024; 16:1483. [PMID: 39339959 PMCID: PMC11437445 DOI: 10.3390/v16091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoviruses are highly genetically diverse and can significantly change their fungal host's phenotype, yet they are generally under-described in genotypic and biological studies. We propose Botrytis cinerea as a model mycovirus system in which to develop a deeper understanding of mycovirus epidemiology including diversity, impact, and the associated cellular biology of the host and virus interaction. Over 100 mycoviruses have been described in this fungal host. B. cinerea is an ideal model fungus for mycovirology as it has highly tractable characteristics-it is easy to culture, has a worldwide distribution, infects a wide range of host plants, can be transformed and gene-edited, and has an existing depth of biological resources including annotated genomes, transcriptomes, and isolates with gene knockouts. Focusing on a model system for mycoviruses will enable the research community to address deep research questions that cannot be answered in a non-systematic manner. Since B. cinerea is a major plant pathogen, new insights may have immediate utility as well as creating new knowledge that complements and extends the knowledge of mycovirus interactions in other fungi, alone or with their respective plant hosts. In this review, we set out some of the critical steps required to develop B. cinerea as a model mycovirus system and how this may be used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud E Khalifa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - María A Ayllón
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)/Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Rodriguez Coy
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food (LISAF), Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Research Hub for Sustainable Crop Protection, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Kim M Plummer
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food (LISAF), Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Research Hub for Sustainable Crop Protection, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Anthony R Gendall
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food (LISAF), Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Research Hub for Sustainable Crop Protection, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Kar Mun Chooi
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Jan A L van Kan
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin M MacDiarmid
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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6
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Cao S, Yang X, Xia L, Zhang X, Sun H, Deng Y, Shu Y, Zhang A, Chen H, Li W. Coat Proteins of the Novel Victoriviruses FaVV1 and FaVV2 Suppress Sexual Reproduction and Virulence in the Pathogen of Fusarium Head Blight. Viruses 2024; 16:1424. [PMID: 39339900 PMCID: PMC11437513 DOI: 10.3390/v16091424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), a disease inflicted by Fusarium graminearum and F. asiaticum, poses a growing threat to wheat in China, particularly in the face of climate change and evolving agricultural practices. This study unveiled the discovery of the victorivirus FgVV2 from the F. asiaticum strain F16176 and comprehensively characterized the function of the two victoriviruses FaVV1 and FaVV2 in virulence. Through comparative analysis with a virus-free strain, we established that these mycoviruses markedly repress the sexual reproduction and pathogenicity of their fungal hosts. Furthermore, we synthesized the coat protein (CP) genes CP1 from FaVV1 and CP2 from FaVV2, which were fused with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene and successfully expressed in Fusarium strains in wild-type isolates of F. asiaticum and F. graminearum. Similar to virus-infected strains, the transformed strains expressing CPs showed a significant decrease in perithecia formation and pathogenicity. Notably, CP2 exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect than CP1, yet the suppression of sexual reproduction in F. graminearum was less pronounced than that in F. asiaticum. Additionally, the pathogenicity of the F. asiaticum and F. graminearum strains expressing CP1 or CP2 was substantially diminished against wheat heads. The GFP-tagged CP1 and CP2 revealed distinct cellular localization patterns, suggesting various mechanisms of interaction with the host. The findings of this study provide a significant research foundation for the study of the interaction mechanisms between FaVV1 and FaVV2 with their hosts, as well as for the exploration and utilization of fungal viral resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lele Xia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuanyu Deng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Aixiang Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huaigu Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210001, China
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7
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Battersby JL, Stevens DA, Coutts RHA, Havlíček V, Hsu JL, Sass G, Kotta-Loizou I. The Expanding Mycovirome of Aspergilli. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:585. [PMID: 39194910 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi and are widespread across all major fungal taxa, exhibiting great biological diversity. Since their discovery in the 1960s, researchers have observed a myriad of fungal phenotypes altered due to mycoviral infection. In this review, we examine the nuanced world of mycoviruses in the context of the medically and agriculturally important fungal genus, Aspergillus. The advent of RNA sequencing has revealed a previous underestimate of viral prevalence in fungi, in particular linear single-stranded RNA viruses, and here we outline the diverse viral families known to date that contain mycoviruses infecting Aspergillus. Furthermore, we describe these novel mycoviruses, highlighting those with peculiar genome structures, such as a split RNA dependent RNA polymerase gene. Next, we delineate notable mycovirus-mediated phenotypes in Aspergillus, in particular reporting on observations of mycoviruses that affect their fungal host's virulence and explore how this may relate to virus-mediated decreased stress tolerance. Furthermore, mycovirus effects on microbial competition and antifungal resistance are discussed. The factors that influence the manifestation of these phenotypes, such as temperature, fungal life stage, and infection with multiple viruses, among others, are also evaluated. In addition, we attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that underpin these phenotypes, examining how mycoviruses can be targets, triggers, and even suppressors of RNA silencing and how this can affect fungal gene expression and phenotypes. Finally, we highlight the potential therapeutic applications of mycoviruses and how, in an approach analogous to bacteriophage therapy, their ability to produce hypovirulence in Aspergillus might be used to attenuate invasive aspergillosis infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine L Battersby
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - David A Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert H A Coutts
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 2, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Joe L Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gabriele Sass
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA
| | - Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
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8
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Niu G, Yang Q, Liao Y, Sun D, Tang Z, Wang G, Xu M, Wang C, Kang J. Advances in Understanding Fusarium graminearum: Genes Involved in the Regulation of Sexual Development, Pathogenesis, and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:475. [PMID: 38674409 PMCID: PMC11050156 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The wheat head blight disease caused by Fusarium graminearum is a major concern for food security and the health of both humans and animals. As a pathogenic microorganism, F. graminearum produces virulence factors during infection to increase pathogenicity, including various macromolecular and small molecular compounds. Among these virulence factors, secreted proteins and deoxynivalenol (DON) are important weapons for the expansion and colonization of F. graminearum. Besides the presence of virulence factors, sexual reproduction is also crucial for the infection process of F. graminearum and is indispensable for the emergence and spread of wheat head blight. Over the last ten years, there have been notable breakthroughs in researching the virulence factors and sexual reproduction of F. graminearum. This review aims to analyze the research progress of sexual reproduction, secreted proteins, and DON of F. graminearum, emphasizing the regulation of sexual reproduction and DON synthesis. We also discuss the application of new gene engineering technologies in the prevention and control of wheat head blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Niu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Yihui Liao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Daiyuan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Zhe Tang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Guanghui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Ming Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Chenfang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jiangang Kang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.N.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Z.T.); (G.W.); (M.X.)
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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9
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Wang J, Ni Y, Zhao H, Liu X, Qiu R, Li S, Liu H. Complete genome sequence of a novel dsRNA virus from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Arch Virol 2024; 169:75. [PMID: 38492088 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a widespread plant pathogen that causes fusarium wilt and fusarium root rot in many economically significant crops. Here, a novel dsRNA virus tentatively named "Fusarium oxysporum virus 1" (FoV1) was identified in F. oxysporum strain 3S-18. The genome of FoV1 is 2,944 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and 2). The larger of these, ORF2, encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of 590 amino acids with a molecular mass of 67.52 kDa. ORF1 encodes a putative nucleocapsid protein consisting of 134 amino acids with a molecular mass of 34.25 kDa. The RdRp domain of FoV1 shares 60.00% to 84.24% sequence identity with non-segmented dsRNA viruses. Phylogenetic analysis further suggested that FoV1 is a new member of the proposed genus "Unirnavirus" accommodating unclassified monopartite dsRNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Ni
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintao Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Li
- Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Li F, Zhang X, Ye J, Wei T, Li Z, Tao X, Cui F, Wang X, Zhang L, Yan F, Li S, Liu Y, Li D, Zhou X, Li Y. Plant virology in the 21st century in China: Recent advances and future directions. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:579-622. [PMID: 37924266 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses are a group of intracellular pathogens that persistently threaten global food security. Significant advances in plant virology have been achieved by Chinese scientists over the last 20 years, including basic research and technologies for preventing and controlling plant viral diseases. Here, we review these milestones and advances, including the identification of new crop-infecting viruses, dissection of pathogenic mechanisms of multiple viruses, examination of multilayered interactions among viruses, their host plants, and virus-transmitting arthropod vectors, and in-depth interrogation of plant-encoded resistance and susceptibility determinants. Notably, various plant virus-based vectors have also been successfully developed for gene function studies and target gene expression in plants. We also recommend future plant virology studies in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Ye
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhenghe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianbing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shifang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yule Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Urayama SI, Zhao YJ, Kuroki M, Chiba Y, Ninomiya A, Hagiwara D. Greetings from virologists to mycologists: A review outlining viruses that live in fungi. MYCOSCIENCE 2024; 65:1-11. [PMID: 39239117 PMCID: PMC11371549 DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Viruses are genetic elements that parasitize self-replicating cells. Therefore, organisms parasitized by viruses are not limited to animals and plants but also include microorganisms. Among these, viruses that parasitize fungi are known as mycoviruses. Mycoviruses with an RNA genome persistently replicate inside fungal cells and coevolve with their host cells, similar to a cellular organelle. Within host cells, mycoviruses can modulate various fungal characteristics and activities, including pathogenicity and the production of enzymes and secondary metabolites. In this review, we provide an overview of the mycovirus research field as introduction to fungal researchers. Recognition of all genetic elements in fungi aids towards better understanding and control of fungi, and makes fungi a significant model system for studying microorganisms containing multiple genetic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syun-Ichi Urayama
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Fungal Interaction and Molecular Biology (donated by IFO), University of Tsukuba
- b Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba
| | - Yan-Jie Zhao
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Fungal Interaction and Molecular Biology (donated by IFO), University of Tsukuba
| | - Misa Kuroki
- c Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology (donated by Kikkoman), The University of Tokyo
| | - Yuto Chiba
- d School of Agriculture, Meiji University
| | - Akihiro Ninomiya
- e Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Aquatic Natural Products Chemistry, The University of Tokyo
| | - Daisuke Hagiwara
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Fungal Interaction and Molecular Biology (donated by IFO), University of Tsukuba
- b Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba
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Nzabanita C, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo L. The Wheat Endophyte Epicoccum layuense J4-3 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum and Enhances Plant Growth. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:10. [PMID: 38248920 PMCID: PMC10817605 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-known for their ability to promote plant growth and hinder fungal diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum. This study aimed to characterize the biocontrol efficacy of strain J4-3 isolated from the stem of symptomless wheat collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. It was identified as Epicoccum layuense using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin (TUB). In a dual culture assay, strain J4-3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. graminearum strain PH-1 and other fungal pathogens. In addition, wheat coleoptile tests showed that lesion symptoms caused by F. graminearum were significantly reduced in wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragment suspensions of strain J4-3 compared to the controls. Under field conditions, applying spore suspensions and culture filtrates of strain J4-3 with conidial suspensions of F. graminearum on wheat spikes resulted in the significant biocontrol efficacy of FHB. In addition, wheat seedlings previously treated with spore suspensions of strain J4-3 before sowing successfully resulted in FHB reduction after the application of conidial suspensions of F. graminearum at anthesis. More importantly, wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragments and spore suspensions of strain J4-3 showed significant increases in wheat growth compared to the controls under greenhouse and field conditions. Overall, these findings suggest that E. layuense J4-3 could be a promising biocontrol agent (BCA) against F. graminearum, causing FHB and a growth-promoting fungus in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.N.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.W.)
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