An experimental and numerical study of the suppression of jets, counterflow, and backflow in vortex units

Confined multiphase swirled flows in chemical engineering

Exploration of confined swirled flows in the former USSR and present-day Russia has a long history and is presented by numerous publications, mostly written in Russian. The obtained results have been put to practical use in different areas of chemical, energy, and processing industries. In view of the process intensification concept, such characteristics of confined swirled flows may be considered unique: high centrifugal gravity, elongation of trajectories, the presence of internal separation zones, energy separation phenomena, and efficient mass/heat transfer in the absence of any moving parts. For instance, high gravity provides an excellent opportunity for multiphase flow stabilization, preventing the appearance of nonuniformities and stability loss, while enhancement of various driving forces acting on the reaction medium takes place. This review is devoted to outlining the main research trends and to discuss the most essential practical implementations in the subject matter done up until now. It is not foreseen to embrace the whole area of swirled flow investigations in the world, but only covers most of the significant ideas and applications contributed in by former Soviet and Russian scientists and engineers. Shortcomings and difficulties of using swirled flows are also briefly discussed.