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Yisilam G, Wang CX, Xia MQ, Comes HP, Li P, Li J, Tian XM. Phylogeography and Population Genetics Analyses Reveal Evolutionary History of the Desert Resource Plant Lycium ruthenicum (Solanaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:915526. [PMID: 35845630 PMCID: PMC9280156 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.915526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climactic oscillations during the Quaternary played a significant role in the formation of genetic diversity and historical demography of numerous plant species in northwestern China. In this study, we used 11 simple sequence repeats derived from expressed sequence tag (EST-SSR), two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) fragments, and ecological niche modeling (ENM) to investigate the population structure and the phylogeographic history of Lycium ruthenicum, a plant species adapted to the climate in northwestern China. We identified 20 chloroplast haplotypes of which two were dominant and widely distributed in almost all populations. The species has high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity based on the cpDNA data. The EST-SSR results showed a high percentage of total genetic variation within populations. Both the cpDNA and EST-SSR results indicated no significant differentiation among populations. By combining the evidence from ENM and demographic analysis, we confirmed that both the last interglacial (LIG) and late-glacial maximum (LGM) climatic fluctuations, aridification might have substantially narrowed the distribution range of this desert species, the southern parts of the Junggar Basin, the Tarim Basin, and the eastern Pamir Plateau were the potential glacial refugia for L. ruthenicum during the late middle Pleistocene to late Pleistocene Period. During the early Holocene, the warm, and humid climate promoted its demographic expansion in northwestern China. This work may provide new insights into the mechanism of formation of plant diversity in this arid region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulbar Yisilam
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
- Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Xi Wang
- Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mao-Qin Xia
- Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hans Peter Comes
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pan Li
- Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xin-Min Tian
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Pretz C, Smith SD. Intraspecific breakdown of self-incompatibility in Physalis acutifolia (Solanaceae). AOB PLANTS 2022; 14:plab080. [PMID: 35079331 PMCID: PMC8783618 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Variation in mating systems is prevalent throughout angiosperms, with many transitions between outcrossing and selfing above and below the species level. This study documents a new case of an intraspecific breakdown of self-incompatibility in a wild relative of tomatillo, Physalis acutifolia. We used controlled greenhouse crosses to identify self-incompatible (SI) and self-compatible (SC) individuals grown from seed sampled across seven sites across Arizona and New Mexico. We measured 14 flower and fruit traits to test for trait variation associated with mating system. We also quantified pollen tube growth in vivo and tested for the presence of the S-RNase proteins in SI and SC styles. We found that seed from six of the seven sites produced SI individuals that terminated self-pollen tubes in the style and showed detectable S-RNase expression. By contrast, seed from one Arizona site produced SC individuals with no S-RNase expression. These SC individuals displayed typical selfing-syndrome traits such as smaller corollas, reduced stigma-anther distances, and a smaller pollen-ovule ratio. We also found plasticity in self-incompatibility as most of the SI individuals became SC and lost S-RNase expression roughly after 6 months in the greenhouse. While fixed differences in mating systems are known among the SI wild species and the often SC domesticated tomatillos, our study is the first to demonstrate intraspecific variation in natural populations as well as variation in SI over an individual's lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Pretz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
| | - Stacey D Smith
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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