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Fertal SA, Zaidi SK, Stein JL, Stein GS, Heath JL. CXCR4 Mediates Enhanced Cell Migration in CALM-AF10 Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 11:708915. [PMID: 35070954 PMCID: PMC8767107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.708915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia transformed by the CALM-AF10 chromosomal translocation is characterized by a high incidence of extramedullary disease, central nervous system (CNS) relapse, and a poor prognosis. Invasion of the extramedullary compartment and CNS requires leukemia cell migration out of the marrow and adherence to the cells of the local tissue. Cell adhesion and migration are increasingly recognized as contributors to leukemia development and therapeutic response. These processes are mediated by a variety of cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors, forming networks of both secreted and cell surface factors. The cytokines and cytokine receptors that play key roles in CALM-AF10 driven leukemia are unknown. We find high cell surface expression of the cytokine receptor CXCR4 on leukemia cells expressing the CALM-AF10 oncogenic protein, contributing to the migratory nature of this leukemia. Our discovery of altered cytokine receptor expression and function provides valuable insight into the propagation and persistence of CALM-AF10 driven leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby A Fertal
- Department of Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Sayyed K Zaidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Janet L Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jessica L Heath
- Department of Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States
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2
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Dutta S, Krause A, Vosberg S, Herold T, Ksienzyk B, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Tizazu B, Chopra M, Graf A, Krebs S, Blum H, Greif PA, Vetter A, Metzeler K, Rothenberg-Thurley M, Schneider MR, Dahlhoff M, Spiekermann K, Zimber-Strobl U, Wolf E, Bohlander SK. The target cell of transformation is distinct from the leukemia stem cell in murine CALM/AF10 leukemia models. Leukemia 2015; 30:1166-76. [PMID: 26686248 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The CALM/AF10 fusion gene is found in various hematological malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphoma. We have previously identified the leukemia stem cell (LSC) in a CALM/AF10-driven murine bone marrow transplant AML model as B220+ lymphoid cells with B-cell characteristics. To identify the target cell for leukemic transformation or 'cell of origin of leukemia' (COL) in non-disturbed steady-state hematopoiesis, we inserted the CALM/AF10 fusion gene preceded by a loxP-flanked transcriptional stop cassette into the Rosa26 locus. Vav-Cre-induced panhematopoietic expression of the CALM/AF10 fusion gene led to acute leukemia with a median latency of 12 months. Mice expressing CALM/AF10 in the B-lymphoid compartment using Mb1-Cre or CD19-Cre inducer lines did not develop leukemia. Leukemias had a predominantly myeloid phenotype but showed coexpression of the B-cell marker B220, and had clonal B-cell receptor rearrangements. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified an average of two to three additional mutations per leukemia, including activating mutations in known oncogenes such as FLT3 and PTPN11. Our results show that the COL for CALM/AF10 leukemia is a stem or early progenitor cell and not a cell of B-cell lineage with a phenotype similar to that of the LSC in CALM/AF10+ leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dutta
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - A Krause
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - S Vosberg
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - T Herold
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Ksienzyk
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - L Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Tizazu
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - M Chopra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A Graf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - H Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - P A Greif
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Vetter
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Metzeler
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - M Rothenberg-Thurley
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - M R Schneider
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - K Spiekermann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperative Group Leukemia, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - U Zimber-Strobl
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - E Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S K Bohlander
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Walker A, Mrózek K, Kohlschmidt J, Rao KW, Pettenati MJ, Sterling LJ, Marcucci G, Carroll AJ, Bloomfield CD. New recurrent balanced translocations in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes: cancer and leukemia group B 8461. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:385-401. [PMID: 23225546 PMCID: PMC3874732 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired chromosome abnormalities in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are among the most valuable determinants of diagnosis and prognosis. In search of new recurrent balanced translocations, we reviewed the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) cytogenetics database containing pretreatment and relapse karyotypes of 4,701 adults with AML and 565 with MDS who were treated on CALGB trials. We identified all cases with balanced structural rearrangements occurring as a sole abnormality or in addition to one other abnormality, excluded abnormalities known to be recurrent, and then reviewed the literature to determine whether any of what we considered unique, previously unknown abnormalities had been reported. As a result, we identified seven new recurrent balanced translocations in AML or MDS: t(7;11)(q22;p15.5), t(10;11)(q23;p15), t(2;12)(p13;p13), t(12;17)(p13;q12), t(2;3)(p21;p21), t(5;21)(q31;q22), and t(8;14)(q24.1;q32.2), and additionally, t(10;12)(p11;q15), a new translocation in AML previously reported in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Herein, we report hematologic and clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with these newly recognized recurrent translocations. We also report 52 unique balanced translocations, together with the clinical data of patients harboring them, which to our knowledge have not been previously published. We hope that once the awareness of their existence is increased, some of these translocations may become recognized as novel recurring abnormalities. Identification of additional cases with both the new recurrent and the unique balanced translocations will enable determination of their prognostic significance and help to provide insights into the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in patients with these rare abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Walker
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Krzysztof Mrózek
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Jessica Kohlschmidt
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kathleen W. Rao
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mark J. Pettenati
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Lisa J. Sterling
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Clara D. Bloomfield
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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Laforêt MP, Turlure P, Lippert E, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Pigneux A, Pradeau R, Feuillard J, Gachard N. Design and feasibility of a novel, rapid, and simple fluorescence 26-plex rt-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 24 fusion transcripts in adult acute myeloid leukemia. J Mol Diagn 2013; 15:186-95. [PMID: 23318495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of chromosomal abnormalities is mandatory for classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the abnormalities have to be determined quickly, to allow patient enrollment in multicenter protocols and/or for selecting therapeutic strategies. Rapid AML molecular diagnosis is often difficult to achieve, however, because it is based on numerous different RT-PCR protocols. We developed a new RT-PCR method, one that does not require a nested step, to simultaneously detect all AML fusion transcripts from six major recurrent translocations found in adults: t(15;17)(q22;q12), inv(16)(p13.1q22) [t(16;16)(p13.1;q22)], t(8;21)(q22;q22), t(6;9)(p23;q34), t(9;22)(q34;q11), and t(10;11)(p13;q14). Specific primers for RT-PCR detection of the 24 fusion transcripts, along with two transcripts for controls, were designed for this 26-plex RT-PCR. Each PCR product had a different size and was separated by capillary electrophoresis. We also designed a multiplex positive control with 24 chimeric RNAs, corresponding to all chimeric RNAs tested. Compared with classical molecular biology protocols and cytogenetic analyses used as reference standards, results of the 26-plex RT-PCR method were concordant in all 204 (100%) cases of adult AML tested. Results were obtained in less than 24 hours. Because of the multiplex positive control, interpretation of the peaks was very easy, without any ambiguity. The tumor cell detection threshold was 1.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Laforêt
- Laboratory of Hematology and UMR CNR 7276, CHU Dupuytren and Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
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Huh JY, Chung S, Oh D, Kang MS, Eom HS, Cho EH, Han MH, Kong SY. Clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia-AF10-positive acute leukemias: a report of 2 cases with a review of the literature. Korean J Lab Med 2010; 30:117-21. [PMID: 20445327 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The translocation t(10;11)(p13;q14q21) has been found to be recurrent in acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias, and results in the fusion of the clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALM) gene with the AF10 gene; these genes are present on chromosomes 11 and 10, respectively. Because the CALM-AF10 rearrangement is a rare chromosomal abnormality, it is not included in routine molecular tests for acute leukemia. Here, we describe the cases of 2 patients with the CALM-AF10 fusion gene. The first patient (case 1) was diagnosed with T-cell ALL, and the second patient (case 2) was diagnosed with AML. Both patient samples showed expression of the homeobox A gene cluster and the histone methyltransferase hDOT1L, which suggests that they mediate leukemic transformation in CALM-AF10-positive and mixed-lineage leukemia-AF10-positive leukemias. Both patients achieved complete remission after induction chemotherapy. The first patient (case 1) relapsed after double-unit cord blood transplantation; there was no evidence of relapse in the second patient (case 2) after allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Since CALM-AF10- positive leukemias have been shown to have poor prognosis with conventional therapy, molecular tests for CALM-AF10 rearrangement would be necessary to detect minimal residual disease during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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