1
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Stute N, Koldehoff M. Lower overall survival in male patients with advanced disease undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is associated with CYP1B1 Leu432Val polymorphism. Haematologica 2024; 109:799-808. [PMID: 37767566 PMCID: PMC10905095 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is an extrahepatic key enzyme involved in estrogen metabolism, steroid synthesis, and pro-carcinogen activation. In a single-center retrospective study, 382 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation and their donors were genotyped for CYP1B1 C432G polymorphism by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. One hundred and sixty-nine patients (44%) were homozygous wild-type (wt) gene CC, 157 (41%) heterozygous CG and 56 (15%) homozygous gene mutated GG. Of interest, mutated CYP1B1 was more common in male (62%) than in female patients (48%) P=0.006, unlike in donors. Five-year estimate for overall survival (OS) was 58±4% (CC) versus 48±3% (CG and GG), P=0.048. Surprisingly, this difference was only evident in males (P=0.024): OS 58±6% versus 42±4%, whereas it was virtually absent in females. Importantly, this difference was only evident in male patients with advanced disease (AD) (n=118, P=0.002): OS 44±8% (CC) versus 32±6% (CG) versus 6±6% (GG), whereas it was virtually absent in male patients with early disease. One-year non-relapse mortality in male patients with AD was 8±4% (CC) versus 21±5% (CG) versus 50±12% (GG), P=0.002. Three-year relapse rate in male patients with AD was 31±7% (wt) versus 42±6% (mut), P=0.04. Multivariate analysis for OS in male patients with AD revealed CYP1B1 polymorphism as the only prognostic factor: RR 1.78, P=0.001. In conclusion, these results suggest that male patients with AD and mutant CYP1B1 polymorphism have lower OS after allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation due to a higher non-relapse mortality and a higher relapse rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Stute
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Third Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg
| | - Michael Koldehoff
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Zotzô€€€Klimas, Düsseldorf.
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2
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Li X, Qin X, Fang T, Liu W. Network pharmacology- and molecular docking-based approach for predicting key targets and the potential mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2147220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Inhibition of Methyltransferase DOT1L Sensitizes to Sorafenib Treatment AML Cells Irrespective of MLL-Rearrangements: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Pediatric AML. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071972. [PMID: 32698374 PMCID: PMC7409321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis for which there are few effective targeted approaches, despite the numerous genetic alterations, including MLL gene rearrangements (MLL-r). The histone methyltransferase DOT1L is involved in supporting the proliferation of MLL-r cells, for which a target inhibitor, Pinometostat, has been evaluated in a clinical trial recruiting pediatric MLL-r leukemic patients. However, modest clinical effects have been observed. Recent studies have reported that additional leukemia subtypes lacking MLL-r are sensitive to DOT1L inhibition. Here, we report that targeting DOT1L with Pinometostat sensitizes pediatric AML cells to further treatment with the multi-kinase inhibitor Sorafenib, irrespectively of MLL-r. DOT1L pharmacologic inhibition induces AML cell differentiation and modulates the expression of genes with relevant roles in cancer development. Such modifications in the transcriptional program increase the apoptosis and growth suppression of both AML cell lines and primary pediatric AML cells with diverse genotypes. Through ChIP-seq analysis, we identified the genes regulated by DOT1L irrespective of MLL-r, including the Sorafenib target BRAF, providing mechanistic insights into the drug combination activity. Our results highlight a novel therapeutic strategy for pediatric AML patients.
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Wang J, Yu L, Jiang H, Zheng X, Zeng S. Epigenetic Regulation of Differentially Expressed Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Cancer. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:759-768. [PMID: 32601104 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug metabolism is a biotransformation process of drugs, catalyzed by drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), including phase I DMEs and phase II DMEs. The aberrant expression of DMEs occurs in the different stages of cancer. It can contribute to the development of cancer and lead to individual variations in drug response by affecting the metabolic process of carcinogen and anticancer drugs. Apart from genetic polymorphisms, which we know the most about, current evidence indicates that epigenetic regulation is also central to the expression of DMEs. This review summarizes differentially expressed DMEs in cancer and related epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. Exploring the epigenetic regulation of differentially expressed DMEs can provide a basis for implementing individualized and rationalized medication. Meanwhile, it can promote the development of new biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review summarizes the aberrant expression of DMEs in cancer and the related epigenetic regulation of differentially expressed DMEs. Exploring the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of DMEs in cancer can help us to understand the role of DMEs in cancer progression and chemoresistance. Also, it provides a basis for developing new biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (J.W., L.Y., H.J., S.Z.) and Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (X.Z.)
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (J.W., L.Y., H.J., S.Z.) and Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (X.Z.)
| | - Huidi Jiang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (J.W., L.Y., H.J., S.Z.) and Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (J.W., L.Y., H.J., S.Z.) and Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (X.Z.)
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (J.W., L.Y., H.J., S.Z.) and Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (X.Z.)
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5
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Lin J, Peng J, Liu G, Deng L. Overexpression of MECP2 attenuates cigarette smoke extracts induced lung epithelial cell injury by promoting CYP1B1 methylation. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:177-186. [PMID: 32147640 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
MECP2 (Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2) has been shown to have a critical role in regulating DNA methylation against smoke exposed lung injury. However, the biological function of MECP2 and the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) and alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) were exposed to increasing concentrations of cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) solution to establish CSE-induced lung epithelial cell injury models. Our findings revealed that MECP2 was down-regulated, while CYP1B1 was up-regulated in CSE-induced lung epithelial cell injury models by quantitative real time PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Down-regulated CYP1B1 was ascribed to the demethylation of its promoter by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The in vitro experiments further showed that MECP2 overexpression significantly attenuated CSE-triggered cell growth attenuation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and ROS generation in lung epithelial cells by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays. In molecular level, we further demonstrated that MECP2 overexpression obviously suppressed the expression of CYP1B1 through enhancing DNA methylation. Therefore, our data suggest that MECP2 protects against CSE-induced lung epithelial cell injury possibly through down-regulating CYP1B1 expression via elevating its methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Lin
- Neonatology department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, China
| | - Junzheng Peng
- Department of Respiration, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Guosheng Liu
- Neonatology department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Respiration, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, China
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6
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LMO2 activation by deacetylation is indispensable for hematopoiesis and T-ALL leukemogenesis. Blood 2019; 134:1159-1175. [PMID: 31366618 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic transcription factor LIM domain only 2 (LMO2), a member of the TAL1 transcriptional complex, plays an essential role during early hematopoiesis and is frequently activated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients. Here, we demonstrate that LMO2 is activated by deacetylation on lysine 74 and 78 via the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) pathway. LMO2 deacetylation enables LMO2 to interact with LIM domain binding 1 and activate the TAL1 complex. NAMPT/SIRT2-mediated activation of LMO2 by deacetylation appears to be important for hematopoietic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells and blood formation in zebrafish embryos. In T-ALL, deacetylated LMO2 induces expression of TAL1 complex target genes HHEX and NKX3.1 as well as LMO2 autoregulation. Consistent with this, inhibition of NAMPT or SIRT2 suppressed the in vitro growth and in vivo engraftment of T-ALL cells via diminished LMO2 deacetylation. This new molecular mechanism may provide new therapeutic possibilities in T-ALL and may contribute to the development of new methods for in vitro generation of blood cells.
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7
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Qadi SA, Hassan MA, Sheikh RA, Baothman OA, Zamzami MA, Choudhry H, Al-Malki AL, Albukhari A, Alhosin M. Thymoquinone-Induced Reactivation of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Cancer Cells Involves Epigenetic Mechanisms. Epigenet Insights 2019; 12:2516865719839011. [PMID: 31058255 PMCID: PMC6452588 DOI: 10.1177/2516865719839011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is a common finding in several solid and hematological tumors involving various epigenetic readers and writers leading to enhanced cell proliferation and defective apoptosis. Thymoquinone (TQ), the major biologically active compound of black seed oil, has demonstrated anticancer activities in various tumors by targeting several pathways. However, its effects on the epigenetic code of cancer cells are largely unknown. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing to investigate the anticancer mechanisms of TQ-treated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (Jurkat cells) and examined gene expression using different tools. We found that many key epigenetic players, including ubiquitin-like containing plant homeodomain (PHD) and really interesting new gene (RING) finger domains 1 (UHRF1), DNMT1,3A,3B, G9A, HDAC1,4,9, KDM1B, and KMT2A,B,C,D,E, were downregulated in TQ-treated Jurkat cells. Interestingly, several TSGs, such as DLC1, PPARG, ST7, FOXO6, TET2, CYP1B1, SALL4, and DDIT3, known to be epigenetically silenced in various tumors, including acute leukemia, were upregulated, along with the upregulation of several downstream pro-apoptotic genes, such as RASL11B, RASD1, GNG3, BAD, and BIK. Data obtained from RNA sequencing were confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in Jurkat cells, as well as in a human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-468 cells). We found that the decrease in cell proliferation and in the expression of UHRF1, DNMT1, G9a, and HDAC1 genes in both cancer cell (Jurkat cells and MDA-MB-468 cells) lines depends on the TQ dose. Our results indicate that the use of TQ as an epigenetic drug represents a promising strategy for epigenetic therapy for both solid and blood tumors by targeting both DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad A Qadi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen
| | - Ryan A Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman As Baothman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ashwag Albukhari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alhosin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Rahmani M, Talebi M, Hagh MF, Feizi AAH, Solali S. Aberrant DNA methylation of key genes and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1493-1500. [PMID: 29793312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a dynamic process influencing gene expression by altering either coding or non-coding loci. Despite advances in treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL); relapse occurs in approximately 20% of patients. Nowadays, epigenetic factors are considered as one of the most effective mechanisms in pathogenesis of malignancies. These factors are reversible elements which can be potentially regarded as therapy targets and disease prognosis. DNA methylation, which primarily serves as transcriptional suppressor, mostly occurs in CpG islands of the gene promoter regions. This was shown as a key epigenetic factor in inactivating various tumor suppressor genes during cancer initiation and progression. We aimed to review methylation status of key genes involved in hematopoietic malignancies such as IKZF1, CDKN2B, TET2, CYP1B1, SALL4, DLC1, DLX family, TP73, PTPN6, and CDKN1C; and their significance in pathogenesis of ALL. The DNA methylation alterations in promoter regions of the genes have been shown to play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. Methylation -based inactivation of these genes has also been reported as associated with prognosis in acute leukemia. In this review, we also addressed the association of gene expression and methylation pattern in ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Rahmani
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Farshdousti Hagh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Solali
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Song QQ, Xie WY, Tang YJ, Zhang J, Liu J. Genetic variation in the glucocorticoid pathway involved in interindividual differences in the glucocorticoid treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:293-316. [PMID: 28112586 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for treating asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other autoimmune diseases. However, in a subgroup of patients, failure to respond to GCs is known as GC resistance or GC insensitivity. This represents an important barrier to effective treatment and a clinical problem requiring an urgent solution. Genetic variation in the GC pathway is a significant factor in interindividual differences in GC treatment. This article reviews the pharmacogenetics of GCs in diverse diseases based on the GC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
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10
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Majchrzak-Celińska A, Baer-Dubowska W. Pharmacoepigenetics: an element of personalized therapy? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 13:387-398. [PMID: 27860490 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2017.1260546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetics is a rapidly growing field describing heritable alterations in gene expression that do not involve DNA sequence variations. Advances in epigenetics and epigenomics have influenced pharmacology, leading to the development of a new specialty, pharmacoepigenetics, the study of the epigenetic basis for the individual variation in drug response. Areas covered: We present an overview of the major epigenetic mechanisms and their effects on the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, as well as the epigenetic status of drug protein targets affecting therapy response. Recent advances in the development of pharmacoepigenetic biomarkers and epidrugs are also discussed. Expert opinion: There is growing evidence that pharmacoepigenetics has the potential to become an important element of personalized medicine. Epigenetic modifications influence drug response, but they can also be modulated by drugs. Moreover, they can be monitored not only in the affected tissue, but also in body fluids. Nevertheless, there are very few examples of epigenetic biomarkers implemented in the clinical setting. Explanation of the interplay between genomic and epigenomic changes will contribute to the personalized medicine approach. Ultimately, both genetic biomarkers and epigenetic mechanisms should be taken into consideration in predicting drug response in the course of successful personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wanda Baer-Dubowska
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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11
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Xia Y, Hong Q, Chen X, Ye H, Fang L, Zhou A, Gao Y, Jiang D, Duan S. APC2 and CYP1B1 methylation changes in the bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia patients during chemotherapy. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3047-3052. [PMID: 27882114 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant promoter DNA methylation is a major mechanism of leukemogenesis in hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the association between promoter methylation with chemotherapeutic outcomes remains unknown. In the present study, bone marrow samples were collected prior to and following chemotherapy in 30 AML patients. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction technology was used to examine the promoter methylation status of adenomatous polyposis col 2 (APC2) and cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B polypeptide 1 (CYP1B1). The results revealed no change in the methylation status of the APC2 promoter in patients following various chemotherapy regimens. However, the methylation status of the CYP1B1 promoter changed in response to 6 different chemotherapy regimens. AML patients of the M3 subtype displayed an induction of the CYP1B1 promoter methylation levels more frequently (57.1%) than patients affected by the other subtypes (M1: 33.3%; M2: 12.5%; M4: 16.7%; M5: 0% and M6: 0%). In addition, a higher frequency of male patients (4/13) exhibited modulation of the CYP1B1 promoter methylation status compared with female patients (3/17). Furthermore, of five AML patients with a poor prognosis, two exhibited changes leading to CYP1B1 hypomethylation and two leading to CYP1B1 hypermethylation. By contrast, three other patients exhibited hypermethylation changes along with remission. This may be explained by the different chemotherapy regimens used to treat these patients or by other unknown factors. The present study revealed that CYP1B1 promoter methylation was induced during chemotherapy, whereas the APC2 promoter remained hemimethylated. Furthermore, the changes in CYP1B1 methylation were dependent on the AML subtypes and the gender of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Xia
- Department of Hematology, Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo University Yangming Affiliated Hospital, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiao Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Huadan Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Lili Fang
- Department of Hematology, Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo University Yangming Affiliated Hospital, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, P.R. China
| | - Annan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Danjie Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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12
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Next-generation sequencing identifies major DNA methylation changes during progression of Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1861-8. [PMID: 27211271 PMCID: PMC5240019 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of DNA methylation on the evolution/progression of Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We investigated the methylome of CML patients in chronic phase (CP-CML), accelerated phase (AP-CML) and blast crisis (BC-CML) as well as in controls by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. Although only ~600 differentially methylated CpG sites were identified in samples obtained from CP-CML patients compared with controls, ~6500 differentially methylated CpG sites were found in samples from BC-CML patients. In the majority of affected CpG sites, methylation was increased. In CP-CML patients who progressed to AP-CML/BC-CML, we identified up to 897 genes that were methylated at the time of progression but not at the time of diagnosis. Using RNA-sequencing, we observed downregulated expression of many of these genes in BC-CML compared with CP-CML samples. Several of them are well-known tumor-suppressor genes or regulators of cell proliferation, and gene re-expression was observed by the use of epigenetic active drugs. Together, our results demonstrate that CpG site methylation clearly increases during CML progression and that it may provide a useful basis for revealing new targets of therapy in advanced CML.
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13
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Fisel P, Schaeffeler E, Schwab M. DNA Methylation of ADME Genes. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 99:512-27. [PMID: 27061006 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epigenetic regulation of expression of genes involved in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs contributes to interindividual variability in drug response. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs. This review systematically outlines the influence of DNA methylation on ADME gene expression and highlights the consequences for interindividual variability in drug response or drug-induced toxicity and the implications for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fisel
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Schaeffeler
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Li S, Zhu Y, Ma C, Qiu Z, Zhang X, Kang Z, Wu Z, Wang H, Xu X, Zhang H, Ren G, Tang J, Li X, Guan M. Downregulation of EphA5 by promoter methylation in human prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:18. [PMID: 25609195 PMCID: PMC4307617 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background EphA5 is a member of the Eph/ephrin family and plays a critical role in the regulation of carcinogenesis. A significant reduction of EphA5 transcripts in high-grade prostate cancer tissue was shown using a transcriptomic analysis, compared to the low-grade prostate cancer tissue. As less is known about the mechanism of EphA5 downregulation and the function of EphA5, here we investigated the expression and an epigenetic change of EphA5 in prostate cancer and determined if these findings were correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics of prostate cancer. Methods Seven prostate cell lines (RWPE-1, LNCap, LNCap-LN3, CWR22rv-1, PC-3, PC-3M-LN4, and DU145), thirty-nine BPH, twenty-two primary prostate carcinomas, twenty-three paired noncancerous and cancerous prostate tissues were examined via qRT-PCR, methylation-specific PCR, bisulfite sequencing, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The role of EphA5 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion was examined by wound healing and transwell assay. Results Downregulation or loss of EphA5 mRNA or protein expression was detected in 28 of 45 (62.2%) prostate carcinomas, 2 of 39 (5.1%) hyperplasias, and all 6 prostate cancer cell lines. Methylation of the EphA5 promoter region was present in 32 of 45 (71.1%) carcinoma samples, 3 of 39 (7.7%) hyperplasias, and the 6 prostate cancer cell lines. Among 23 paired prostate carcinoma tissues, 16 tumor samples exhibited the hypermethylation of EphA5, and 15 of these 16 specimens (93.8%) shown the downregulation of EphA5 expression than that of their respectively matched noncancerous samples. Immunostaining analysis demonstrated that the EphA5 protein was absent or down-regulated in 10 of 13 (76.9%) available carcinoma samples, and 8 of these 10 samples (80.0%) exhibited hypermethylation. The frequency of EphA5 methylation was higher in cancer patients with an elevated Gleason score or T3-T4 staging. Following the treatment of 6 prostate cancer cell lines with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, the levels of EphA5 mRNA were significantly increased. Prostate cancer cells invasion and migration were significantly suppressed by ectopic expression of EphA5 in vitro. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that EphA5 is a potential target for epigenetic silencing in primary prostate cancer and is a potentially valuable prognosis predictor and thereapeutic marker for prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1025-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yingfeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunguang Ma
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenhua Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The people's hospital of GaoZhou, GaoZhou, China.
| | - Xinju Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihua Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao Xu
- Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guoqiang Ren
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianmin Tang
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Ming Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Lopez-Lopez E, Gutierrez-Camino A, Bilbao-Aldaiturriaga N, Pombar-Gomez M, Martin-Guerrero I, Garcia-Orad A. Pharmacogenetics of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 15:1383-98. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the major pediatric cancer in developed countries. Although treatment outcome has improved owing to advances in chemotherapy, there is still a group of patients for which therapy fails while some patients experience severe toxicity. In the last few years, several pharmacogenetic studies have been performed to search for markers of outcome and toxicity in pediatric ALL. However, to date, TPMT is the only pharmacogenetic marker in ALL with clinical guidelines for drug dosing. In this article, we will provide an overview of the most important findings carried out in pharmacogenetics for pediatric ALL, such as the interest drawn by methotrexate transporters in the context of methotrexate treatment. Even if most of the studies are centered on coding genes, we will also point to new approaches focusing on noncoding regions and epigenetic variation that could be interesting for consideration in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elixabet Lopez-Lopez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Angela Gutierrez-Camino
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nerea Bilbao-Aldaiturriaga
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Maria Pombar-Gomez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Idoia Martin-Guerrero
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Africa Garcia-Orad
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
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16
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Corrales J, Fang X, Thornton C, Mei W, Barbazuk WB, Duke M, Scheffler BE, Willett KL. Effects on specific promoter DNA methylation in zebrafish embryos and larvae following benzo[a]pyrene exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 163:37-46. [PMID: 24576477 PMCID: PMC4032594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an established carcinogen and reproductive and developmental toxicant. BaP exposure in humans and animals has been linked to infertility and multigenerational health consequences. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression, and mapping of methylation patterns has become an important tool for understanding pathologic gene expression events. The goal of this study was to investigate aberrant changes in promoter DNA methylation in zebrafish embryos and larvae following a parental and continued embryonic waterborne BaP exposure. A total of 21 genes known for their role in human diseases were selected to measure percent methylation by multiplex deep sequencing. At 96hpf (hours post fertilization) compared to 3.3hpf, dazl, nqo1, sox3, cyp1b1, and gstp1 had higher methylation percentages while c-fos and cdkn1a had decreased CG methylation. BaP exposure significantly reduced egg production and offspring survival. Moreover, BaP decreased global methylation and altered CG, CHH, and CHG methylation both at 3.3 and 96hpf. CG methylation changed by 10% or more due to BaP in six genes (c-fos, cdkn1a, dazl, nqo1, nrf2, and sox3) at 3.3hpf and in ten genes (c-fos, cyp1b1, dazl, gstp1, mlh1, nqo1, pten, p53, sox2, and sox3) at 96hpf. BaP also induced gene expression of cyp1b1 and gstp1 at 96hpf which were found to be hypermethylated. Further studies are needed to link aberrant CG, CHH, and CHG methylation to heritable epigenetic consequences associated with disease in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Corrales
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - X Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - C Thornton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - W Mei
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32669, USA
| | - W B Barbazuk
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32669, USA; University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32669, USA
| | - M Duke
- Genomics Bioinformatics, USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - B E Scheffler
- Genomics Bioinformatics, USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - K L Willett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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17
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PTEN methylation involved in benzene-induced hematotoxicity. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 96:300-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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