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Niederwieser C, Kröger N. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in MDS patients of older age. Leuk Lymphoma 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38315612 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2307444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has evolved to an essential treatment in younger and more recently in elderly patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the age group with the highest incidence. Less intense conditioning regimens and improvements in supportive therapy have reduced considerably transplant related mortality and in the same time increased the access to this curative treatment. Timing of HCT in the course of the disease assumes a crucial role. Detection of disease progression, geriatric assessment, comorbidity evaluation, and identification of transplant-specific risks are becoming increasingly important in this context. Novel statistical methods, molecular biomarkers, and quantification of tumor burden pre- and post-HCT will play an essential role in years to come. More effective and less toxic treatments to reduce the tumor burden before and/or after HCT are expected to improve the outcome. In this review article we discuss the current views and what we can expect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Niederwieser
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaus Kröger
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Ogata K, Sei K, Kawahara N, Ogata M, Yamamoto Y. Clinical, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics of high-grade myelodysplastic syndromes with CD41-positive progenitor cells. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2023; 104:98-107. [PMID: 34964228 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with progenitors expressing CD41 (CD41+ MDS) showed a poor prognosis in a previous study but their detailed characteristics remain unclear. METHODS One hundred thirty-seven subjects at our institution were diagnosed with excess blasts (EB)-1, EB-2, and acute myeloid leukemia with a low blast count (20%-30%). The immunophenotypes of progenitor cells in their bone marrow (BM) were determined by CD45-gating flow cytometry. A false-positive reaction to CD41 was eliminated by examining the flow cytometry data of lymphocytes and monocytes in addition to progenitors and by examining CD42b in histological sections. The characteristics were compared between CD41+ and CD41- MDS patients. RESULTS Forty-three patients (31%) were CD41+. Additionally, 91% of the CD41+ MDS patients were very high-risk defined by the Revised International Prognostic Score System, which was higher than in patients with CD41- MDS (p = 0.015). Approximately 60% of the CD41+ MDS patients had a monosomal karyotype and very poor cytogenetics, which was higher than in CD41- MDS patients (p < 0.001). Normal cytogenetics was less common in CD41+ patients (p = 0.0016). Blasts with bleb formation were more abundant in CD41+ MDS patients (p = 0.026). All CD41+ MDS patients were positive for CD13 and were mostly positive for CD33. The frequency of aberrant expression of other antigens on progenitors was similar between CD41+ and CD41- MDS patients. CONCLUSIONS We determined clinical, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics of CD41+ MDS patients. Further studies are needed to improve the survival of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoyuki Ogata
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sei
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kawahara
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Ogata
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamamoto
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
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Bouchla A, Thomopoulos TP, Papageorgiou SG, Apostolopoulou C, Loucari C, Mpazani E, Pappa V. Predicting outcome in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients treated with azacitidine. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1129-1143. [PMID: 34291653 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Azacitidine (5-AZA) is widely used for the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. However, response and survival rates vary considerably, while indicated treatment duration remains undefined. For these reasons, factors determining response and survival are of major importance. Clinical, morphological, flow cytometry, cytogenetic and molecular factors are discussed in this review. Biomarkers predictive of response and prognosis, as well as their link to the mode of action of 5-AZA are also addressed, shifting the focus from clinical practice to investigational research. Their use could further improve prognostic classification of 5-AZA treated higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Bouchla
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas P Thomopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Apostolopoulou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Loucari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimia Mpazani
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine & Research Unit Hematology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini, 12462 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
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Diamantopoulos PT, Viniou NA. Factors affecting response to 5-azacytidine and prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome. Is long-term survival a realistic goal? Leuk Res 2021; 103:106543. [PMID: 33640709 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of hypomethylating agents (HMAs) 5-azacytidine and decitabine has altered the prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Over the past few years, the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and the revised IPSS (IPSS-R) have been used both to define the prognosis of patients with MDS and to select patients to be treated with HMAs. Nevertheless, the prognosis of individual patients with MDS can differ considerably from the one calculated with the use of the above-mentioned prognostic systems. Thus, some patients may achieve long-term survival irrespective of their initial prognostic score. Several factors besides those used to define the IPSS/IPSS-R are analyzed in this review article; these include age and gender, the baseline hematologic characteristics, the comorbidities, the cytogenetic and molecular profile of the patients, as well as their response to treatment with 5-azacytidine. Thus, insight into a more personalized way of managing patients with MDS is given and long-term survival is set as a more realistic goal of treatment with 5-azacytidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis T Diamantopoulos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Nora-Athina Viniou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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5
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Ogata K, Sei K, Kawahara N, Yamamoto Y. Clinical significance of CD41-positive blasts in association with a monosomal karyotype in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated with azacitidine. Br J Haematol 2020; 189:e144-e147. [PMID: 32130725 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoyuki Ogata
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sei
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kawahara
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamamoto
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Centre for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Ren Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Mei C, Ye L, Luo Y, Zhou X, Zhu S, Jiang L, Wang L, Jin J, Tong H. TP53 mutations are associated with very complex karyotype and suggest poor prognosis in newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome patients with monosomal karyotype. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 16:172-179. [PMID: 32030889 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and molecular characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with monosomal karyotype (MK). METHODS Eighty MDS patients with MK diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2018 were included in the retrospective study. Seventy-three had complex karyotype (CK) and 46 had very CK (vCK, ≥ 5 abnormalities). Clinical information was collected, and a panel of 37 genes, on which mutations have been previously reported to be associated with MDS patients, was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Genetic and biological features and their association with survival were evaluated. RESULTS Monosomy 5, 7, and 17 were the most frequent and mainly occurred in patients with vCK. While median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 12.8 months with 95% CI 9.1-16.5, patients with vCK had shorter OS (8.4 months with 95% CI 3.9-12.8) than those with non-vCK (16.1 months with 95% CI 11.5-20.8) (P = .02). At least one gene mutation was detected in 76 patients (95%), TP53 mutations were detected in 57 patients, and their median OS was significantly shorter than those without TP53 mutations (9.5 months with 95% CI 7.5-11.5 vs 26.1 months with 95% CI 8.0-44.2, P < .01). In 34 patients who received treatment with decitabine, 25 with TP53 mutations had higher overall response rate than those with wild-type TP53 (60% vs 22.2%, P = .03). However, OS was still significantly shorter in those with TP53 mutations (10.1 vs 26.1 months, P = .03). Multivariate analysis confirmed that TP53 mutations was an independent poor prognostic factor on OS. CONCLUSIONS CK and vCK overlap in most of the MDS patients with MK. TP53 mutations occur more frequently in MDS patients with vCK, and both TP53 mutations and vCK are adverse prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ren
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Mei
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Ye
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingwan Luo
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinping Zhou
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanghong Zhu
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxu Jiang
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Diamantopoulos P, Koumbi D, Kotsianidis I, Pappa V, Symeonidis A, Galanopoulos A, Zikos P, Papadaki HA, Panayiotidis P, Dimou M, Hatzimichael E, Vassilopoulos G, Delimpasis S, Mparmparousi D, Papageorgiou S, Variami E, Kyrtsonis MC, Megalakaki A, Kotsopoulou M, Repousis P, Adamopoulos I, Kontopidou F, Christoulas D, Kourakli A, Tsokanas D, Konstantinos Papoutselis M, Kyriakakis G, Viniou NA. The prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated with 5-azacytidine: Results from the Hellenic 5-azacytidine registry. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2056-2063. [PMID: 30897290 PMCID: PMC6536924 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities has not yet been fully elucidated, except for isochromosome 17q that has been characterized as an intermediate risk abnormality in the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS‐R). To further characterize the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities we analyzed the hematologic and prognostic characteristics of 548 adult patients with MDS treated with 5‐azacytidine through the Hellenic 5‐azacytidine registry and found 32 patients with a chromosome 17 abnormality (6 with i[17q], 15 with ‐17, 3 with add[17p] and the rest with other rarer abnormalities, mostly translocations). The presence of a chromosome 17 abnormality was correlated with poor prognostic features (high IPSS, IPSS‐R, and WPSS scores) and a low overall survival rate (15.7 vs 36.4 months for patients without chromosome 17 abnormalities, Kaplan–Meier, Log Rank P < 0.00001), but these results were confounded by the fact that most (92.3%) of the cases with a chromosome 17 abnormality (with the exception of i(17q) that was found in all cases as an isolated abnormality) were found in the context of a complex karyotype. Nevertheless, one should not ignore the contribution of chromosome 17 abnormalities to the prognostic significance of a complex karyotype since 33.8% of complex karyotypes encompassed a chromosome 17 abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Diamantopoulos
- Hematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dafni Koumbi
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kotsianidis
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupoli, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Haematology Division, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Argiris Symeonidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Athanasios Galanopoulos
- Department of Clinical Hematology, 'G. Gennimatas' District General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Zikos
- Department of Hematology, 'St Andrew' General Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- Haematology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Panayiotidis
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dimou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Vassilopoulos
- Department of Hematology, Larissa University Hospital, University of Thessalia, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Sotirios Papageorgiou
- Haematology Division, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Variami
- Hematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marie-Christine Kyrtsonis
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Kotsopoulou
- Department of Hematology, Metaxa Anticancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | | | | | - Flora Kontopidou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Alexandra Kourakli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsokanas
- Department of Clinical Hematology, 'G. Gennimatas' District General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Kyriakakis
- Hematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nora-Athina Viniou
- Hematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kourtis A, Adamopoulos PG, Papalois A, Iliopoulos DC, Babis GC, Scorilas A. Quantitative analysis and study of the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes BCL2, BAX and BCL2L12 in the articular cartilage of an animal model of osteoarthritis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:243. [PMID: 30069445 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.05.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Given that apoptosis of chondrocytes is one of the most important factors related to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), the recent research interest adds progress not only to the knowledge of the molecular signals that mediate apoptosis but also to find new therapeutic targets. This study attempts to investigate the differential expression of BCL2 family genes in the articular cartilage of an experimental animal model of OA. Methods In total, 26 New Zealand white rabbits underwent an anterior cruciate ligament transaction, 26 more were subjected to a placebo surgery and 18 specimens constituted the control non-operated group. Thirteen weeks later, samples of cartilage from the osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic knees were collected and subjected to analysis of the BCL2, BAX and BCL2L12 gene expression at the mRNA level. Results Installed osteoarthritic alterations of varied intensity and of grade 1 up to grade 5, were confirmed according to the OARSI system. Contrary to the physiologically healthy samples, in the osteoarthritic samples the mRNA expression levels of BAX and BCL2L12 genes were found significantly upregulated by signals which can activate apoptosis. However, the difference between BCL2 mRNA expression levels in healthy and osteoarthritic samples was not supported statistically. Conclusions Since apoptosis is the main feature of the cartilage degeneration in OA, the effective inhibition of apoptosis of chondrocytes can provide novel and interesting therapeutic strategies for the treatment of OA. Therefore, BAX and BCL2L12 are highlighted as potential therapeutic targets in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panagiotis G Adamopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George C Babis
- Second Orthopaedic Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Adamopoulos PG, Theodoropoulou MC, Scorilas A. Alternative Splicing Detection Tool-a novel PERL algorithm for sensitive detection of splicing events, based on next-generation sequencing data analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:244. [PMID: 30069446 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can provide researchers with high impact information regarding alternative splice variants or transcript identifications. However, the enormous amount of data acquired from NGS platforms make the analysis of alternative splicing events hard to accomplish. For this reason, we designed the "Alternative Splicing Detection Tool" (ASDT), an algorithm that is capable of identifying alternative splicing events, including novel ones from high-throughput NGS data. ASDT is available as a PERL script at http://aias.biol.uoa.gr/~mtheo and can be executed on any system with PERL installed. In addition to the detection of annotated and novel alternative splicing events from high-throughput NGS data, ASDT can also analyze the intronic regions of genes, thus enabling the detection of novel cryptic exons residing in annotated introns, extensions of previously annotated exons, or even intron retentions. Consequently, ASDT demonstrates many innovative and unique features that can efficiently contribute to alternative splicing analysis of NGS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis G Adamopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita C Theodoropoulou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Papasiopoulou, Lamia, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
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Diamantopoulos MA, Tsiakanikas P, Scorilas A. Non-coding RNAs: the riddle of the transcriptome and their perspectives in cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:241. [PMID: 30069443 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of RNA molecules in terms of biogenesis, biological function as well as length and structure. These biological molecules have gained attention recently as a potentially crucial layer of tumor cell progression or regulation. ncRNAs are expressed in a broad spectrum of tumors, and they play an important role not only in maintaining but also in promoting cancer development and progression. Recent discoveries have revealed that ncRNAs may act as key signal transduction mediators in tumor signaling pathways by interacting with RNA or proteins. These results reinforce the hypothesis, that ncRNAs constitute therapeutic targets, and point out their clinical potential as stratification markers. The major purpose of this review is to mention the emergence of the importance of ncRNAs, as molecules which are correlated with cancer, and to discuss their clinical implicit as prognostic diagnostic indicators, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsiakanikas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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