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Gurri FD, Ruiz-García W, Vallejo-Nieto MI, Molina-Rosales DO. Seasonal changes in body composition in children from Maya agriculturalists in central Yucatán, Mexico. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24121. [PMID: 38938067 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Development policies have aimed to substitute subsistence agriculture for cash crops or other cash generating activities to encourage local farmers to depend on store-bought groceries available year-round instead of seasonal subsistence crops. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that increased dependence on store bought foods has decreased seasonal changes in nutritional status and fat mass in Maya Children from Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS Weight for age (W/A), body mass index (BMI), and tricipital Skinfold z scores in children under the age of 10 years from 14 Maya rural towns with different degrees of development were compared longitudinally between scarcity and abundance seasons using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Height for age (H/A) z scores were also estimated. RESULTS Origin of food consumed corresponded to the town's degree of development. Nutritional status (W/Az) and adiposity, BMI, and tricipital z scores were significantly lower during the scarcity season in every community. W/Az, tricipital skinfold z, and H/Az scores were significantly higher in developed than in traditional towns, yet in both types of town W/Az and H/Az scores were below the WHO standard mean. Tricipital skinfold z score was only below the WHO standard amongst traditional towns during the scarcity season. CONCLUSIONS Increased dependence on store foods failed to eliminate significant losses in body fat during the scarcity season. This failure may be affecting linear growth and promoting a thrifty phenotype that is seen in short and stocky individuals with a tendency to accumulate fat during abundance seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco D Gurri
- Environmental Anthropology and Gender Lab, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche, Mexico
| | - Wilma Ruiz-García
- Environmental Anthropology and Gender Lab, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche, Mexico
| | - Mirna I Vallejo-Nieto
- Environmental Anthropology and Gender Lab, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche, Mexico
| | - Dolores O Molina-Rosales
- Environmental Anthropology and Gender Lab, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche, Mexico
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Megersa BS, Zinab B, Ali R, Kedir E, Girma T, Berhane M, Admassu B, Friis H, Abera M, Olsen MF, Filteau S, Nitsch D, Yilma D, Wells JC, Andersen GS, Wibaek R. Associations of weight and body composition at birth with body composition and cardiometabolic markers in children aged 10 y: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition birth cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:412-421. [PMID: 37328067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although birth weight (BW) has been associated with later cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, the role of birth fat mass (BFM) and birth fat-free mass (BFFM) on cardiometabolic health is unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine associations of BW, BFM, and BFFM with later anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers. METHODS Birth cohort data on standardized exposure variables (BW, BFM, and BFFM) and follow-up information at age 10 y on anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers were included. A linear regression analysis was used to assess associations of exposures with outcome variables, adjusting for maternal and child characteristics at birth and current body size in separate models. RESULTS Among 353 children, mean (SD) age was 9.8 (1.0) y, and 51.5% were boys. In the fully adjusted model, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.81 cm (95% CI: 0.21, 1.41 cm) and 1.25 cm (95% CI: 0.64, 1.85 cm) greater height at 10 y, respectively. The 1-SD higher BW and BFM were associated with 0.32 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.51 kg/m2) and 0.42 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.59 kg/m2) greater fat mass index at 10 y, respectively. In addition, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.22 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.34 kg/m2) greater FFM index, whereas a 1-SD greater BFM was associated with a 0.05 cm greater subcutaneous adipose tissue (95% CI: 0.01, 0.11 cm). Furthermore, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.3% (95% CI: 1.4%, 20.0%) and 8.3% (95% CI: -0.5%, 17.9%) greater insulin, respectively. Similarly, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.0% (95% CI: 0.9%, 20.0%) and 8.5% (95% CI: -0.6%, 18.5%) greater homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, respectively. CONCLUSIONS BW and BFFM rather than BFM are predictors of height and FFM index at 10 y. Children with higher BW and BFFM showed higher insulin concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance at 10 y of age. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN46718296.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikila S Megersa
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Beakal Zinab
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Rahma Ali
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Population and Family Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Kedir
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tsinuel Girma
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Berhane
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Bitiya Admassu
- Department of Population and Family Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mubarek Abera
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mette F Olsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Filteau
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothea Nitsch
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Yilma
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Jonathan Ck Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Center, Population Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rasmus Wibaek
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Vázquez‐Vázquez ADP, Fewtrell MS, Chan‐García H, Batún‐Marrufo C, Dickinson F, Wells JCK. Do maternal grandmothers influence breastfeeding duration and infant nutrition? Evidence from Merida, Mexico. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2022; 179:444-459. [PMID: 36790606 PMCID: PMC9826188 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast-feeding is sensitive to somatic, hormonal, behavioral and psychological components of maternal capital. However, through grandmothering, older women may also influence breast-feeding by transferring informational resources to their daughters. We hypothesized that mothers with prolonged instrumental support from their own mother are more likely to have received advice and to have favorable attitudes/practices regarding breastfeeding, compared to those lacking such support, with implications for the grandchild's somatic capital. METHODS We recruited 90 mother-infant dyads (52 with grandmaternal support, 38 without) in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. All children were first-borns, aged ~2 years. Anthropometry and body composition were assessed. Data on grandmother's breastfeeding advice and maternal breastfeeding duration were obtained by questionnaire. Maternal attitudes to breast-feeding were assessed using the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. RESULTS Women with instrumental support were more likely to have received grandmaternal advice during pregnancy/infancy on exclusive breast-feeding duration (60% vs. 37%, p = 0.033) and the type of first complementary food (81% vs. 47%, p = 0.001). However, women with support had a less favorable attitude to breastfeeding than those without and breastfed their children for less time (median 5 vs. 10.5 months, p = 0.01). No group differences were found in children's length, weight, skinfolds or lean mass z-score. DISCUSSION Although grandmothers providing instrumental support provided advice regarding breastfeeding, their attitudes may reflect issues beyond nutritional health. Advice of maternal grandmothers did not promote extended breastfeeding, however the differences in breastfeeding attitudes were not associated with the children's nutritional status. Grandmothers should be included in public health interventions promoting breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary S. Fewtrell
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCLGreat Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Hidekel Chan‐García
- Human Ecology DepartmentCentre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav)MeridaYucatanMexico
| | - Carolina Batún‐Marrufo
- Human Ecology DepartmentCentre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav)MeridaYucatanMexico
| | - Federico Dickinson
- Human Ecology DepartmentCentre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav)MeridaYucatanMexico
| | - Jonathan C. K. Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCLGreat Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
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Veile A, Christopher L, Azcorra H, Dickinson F, Kramer K, Varela‐Silva I. Differences in nutritional status between rural and urban Yucatec Maya children: The importance of early life conditions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9314705 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Early‐life conditions shape childhood growth and are affected by urbanization and the nutritional transition. To investigate how early‐life conditions (across the “first” and “second” 1000 days) are associated with rural and urban children's nutritional status, we analyzed anthropometric data from Maya children in Yucatan, Mexico. We collected weight, height and triceps skinfold measures, then computed body mass and fat mass indices (BMI/FMI), in a cross‐sectional sample of 6‐year‐olds (urban n = 72, rural n = 66). Demographic, socioeconomic and early‐life variables (birthweight/mode, rural/urban residence, household crowding) were collected by maternal interview. We statistically analyzed rural‐urban differences in demographic, socioeconomic, early‐life, and anthropometric variables, then created linear mixed models to evaluate associations between early‐life variables and child anthropometric outcomes. Two‐way interactions were tested between early‐life variables and child sex, and between early‐life variables and rural‐urban residence. Results showed that rural children were shorter‐statured, with lower overweight/obesity and cesarean delivery rates, compared to urban children. Household crowding was a negative predictor of anthropometric outcomes; the strongest effect was in boys and in urban children. Birthweight positively predicted anthropometric outcomes, especially weight/BMI. Birth mode was positively (not statistically) associated with any anthropometric outcome. Cesarean delivery was more common in boys than in girls, and predicted increased height in urban boys. In conclusion, urbanization and household crowding were the most powerful predictors of Maya 6‐year‐old anthropometry. The negative effects of crowding may disproportionately affect Maya boys versus girls and urban versus rural children. Early‐life conditions shape Maya children's nutritional status both in the “first” and “second” 1000 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Veile
- Department of Anthropology Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | | | - Hugo Azcorra
- Centro de Investigaciones Silvio Zavala Universidad Modelo Mérida Mexico
| | - Federico Dickinson
- Departamento de Ecología Humana Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mérida Mexico
| | - Karen Kramer
- Department of Anthropology University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Inês Varela‐Silva
- Departamento de Ecología Humana Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mérida Mexico
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough University Loughborough UK
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Bogin B, Varea C. COVID-19, crisis, and emotional stress: A biocultural perspective of their impact on growth and development for the next generation. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 32:e23474. [PMID: 32672890 PMCID: PMC7404495 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Bogin
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,UCSD/Salk Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carlos Varea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain
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