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Gomula A, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Králík M, Malina RM, Zaręba M, Koziel S. Age at peak height velocity in Polish adolescents: Effect of socioeconomic factors. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24083. [PMID: 38600688 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Age at peak height velocity (APHV) is an indicator of maturity timing which is applicable to both sexes, and which is influenced by environmental factors. The objective of this study was to assess variation in APHV associated with several indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) in a longitudinal sample of Polish adolescents. The sample included 739 boys born in 1983 and followed annually from 12 to 16 years, and 597 girls born in 1985 and followed annually from 9 to 13 years. The height records were fitted with the SITAR model to estimate APHV. SES was estimated using principal component analysis of indicators of familial status based on parental education, family size, living conditions and household possessions. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance (one-way for general SES and three-way for parental education and family size) and Tukey post-hoc tests for unequal samples. General SES (p <.001) and family size (p < .05) significantly influenced APHV among boys, while only maternal education (p < .05) significantly influenced APHV among girls. Among youth from families of higher SES, as defined by the respective indicators, APHV was attained significantly earlier, on average, than in peers from families of lower SES. Overall, the results showed a sex-dependent effect of SES on APHV, and highlighted the influence of favorable socioeconomic conditions for optimal growth and maturation during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gomula
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Miroslav Králík
- Faculty of Science, Department of Anthropology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert M Malina
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Health Management and Systems Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Monika Zaręba
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Slawomir Koziel
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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Lin YC, Yen HR, Wang CH, Liao YC, Lin RT. Trends in age at menarche from 1943 through 1989 in Taiwan: A retrospective population-based analysis. Pediatr Neonatol 2024; 65:64-70. [PMID: 37573183 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated a global decline in the age at menarche. Our study aimed to determine the age at menarche of Taiwanese women born between 1943 and 1989. METHODS Data were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank. To view the trends in age at menarche, we analyzed data from 74,799 women. The mean, standard deviation, and annual percentage change in age at menarche were calculated for birth-year cohorts. RESULTS The mean age at menarche of Taiwanese women born in 1943 was 14.85 years. The age at menarche decreased to 12.20 years for those born in 1989. The mean age at menarche declined by 2.65 years across the 47-year study period; hence, the reduction rate was 0.56 years per decade. This study demonstrated a downward secular trend in the age at menarche of Taiwanese women born between 1943 and 1989. This trend occurred in three stages of decline: fast (1943-1953), slow (1953-1965), and moderate (1965-1989). CONCLUSION The age at menarche decreased by 2.65 years among Taiwanese women born in 1943 compared with those born in 1989. This decline occurred in three stages: fast (1943-1953), slow (1953-1965), and moderate (1965-1989). This significant downward secular trend in age at menarche reflects Taiwan's socioeconomic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University; No. 100, Sec. 1, Jing-Mao Road, Beitun Dist., Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital; No. 2, Yude Road, North Dist., Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital; No. 2, Yude Road, North Dist., Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital; No. 2, Yude Road, North Dist., Taichung 404327, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Liao
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University; No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Center for Prevention and Treatment of Internet Addiction, Asia University; No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Clinical Psychology Center, Asia University Hospital; No. 222, Fuxin Rd., Wufeng Dist., Taichung City 413505, Taiwan
| | - Ro-Ting Lin
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University; No. 100, Sec. 1, Jing-Mao Road, Beitun Dist., Taichung 406040, Taiwan.
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Srikanth N, Xie L, Francis J, Messiah SE. Association of Social Determinants of Health, Race and Ethnicity, and Age of Menarche among US Women Over 2 Decades. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2023; 36:442-448. [PMID: 37196755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age of menarche (AOM), or the first menstrual cycle, is one indicator of female puberty. The timing of AOM can be influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). This study examined associations between SDOH and AOM over the past 2 decades in the United States. METHODS US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (1999 to early 2020) were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined associations between AOM (early [11.99 years and younger], typical [12-13 years], and late [13.01 years and older]) and race/ethnicity, insurance coverage, education, family income-to-poverty ratio, money management, and home status. RESULTS AOM remained consistent over the past 2 decades (mean 12.50 years, SE 0.02) for the aggregate sample. Females identifying as Hispanic (excluding Mexican Americans) were 63% more likely (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-2.36) to report early menarche. Those identifying as other/multiracial were 46% more likely to report late menarche (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.89) vs non-Hispanic Whites. Financial and home status instability was associated with early menarche (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.17-1.83; aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.48). Less than 9th-grade education was associated with late menarche (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.14-1.89). CONCLUSION Although the average AOM has remained stable in the United States over the past 20 years, identifying as Hispanic (excluding Mexican Americans) and financial/home instability are associated with early AOM, and lower education levels are associated with late AOM. Identifying programming and policy options targeting SDOH may help improve current and future reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Srikanth
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas; Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, Texas; Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, Texas
| | - Luyu Xie
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas; Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jenny Francis
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas; Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, Texas; UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Houston, Texas.
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Wu X, Zhen D, Liu X, Liao W, Dong X, Yang J, Zhao B, Wang C. Age at Menarche, Menopause Status and Metabolic Syndrome and its Components: Findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 131:463-471. [PMID: 37549686 DOI: 10.1055/a-2095-2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the effect of age at menarche on metabolic syndrome (Mets) and its components and explore the impact of menopause status on the association between age at menarche and Mets in rural Chinese women. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 23382 women from the Henan Rural Cohort study. The relationship between age at menarche and Mets was assessed using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline. Interaction plots were used to describe interactive effects of age at menarche and menopause status on Mets. RESULTS Age at menarche was inversely associated with the risk of Mets with the adjusted OR of 1.16, 0.98, 1.00, 0.82, and 0.77, respectively, for those with age at menarche≤13, 14, 15-16 (reference), 17, and≥18 years. Each year of delay in menarche age correlated with a 6.2% (P<0.001) lower risk of Mets. Among the components of Mets, an inverse association was observed between age at menarche and central obesity (OR (95% CI): 0.92 (0.90, 0.94)), abnormal FPG (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.94, 0.97)), abnormal BP (OR (95% CI): 0.967 (0.95, 0.98)), abnormal TG (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.94, 0.97)), and abnormal HDL-C (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.95, 0.98)). Significant interactions were discovered between age at menarche, menopause status, and the risk of Mets, central obesity, abnormal FPG, abnormal BP, and abnormal TG (all P interaction<0.001). The adverse effect of menopausal status on Mets, central obesity, abnormal FPG, abnormal BP, and abnormal TG decreased with delayed age at menarche. CONCLUSIONS Later menarche was associated with a lower risk of Mets. More importantly, the deleterious effect of menopause status on Mets decreased with the increase in age at menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Du Zhen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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Wang G, Shao W, Chen X, Zheng C, Zhang B, Zhang W. Age at menarche and its association with blood pressure in adult women of developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hum Biol 2023; 50:126-135. [PMID: 36943097 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2184866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Evidence about the effect of age at menarche (AAM) on blood pressure (BP) has largely been drawn from studies in developed countries. Studies in developing countries are expanding recently but have not been summarised. OBJECTIVE To systematically explore the association between AAM and BP and the potential modifiers in developing countries. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for publications until March 2022. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Twenty studies were eligible. In studies with participants' mean age at BP assessment <55 years, women in the oldest group as compared with the middle or the youngest group of AAM had a higher risk of hypertension in those studies without adjustment for confounders (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.41-2.28, I2=97.0%), those with adjustment for confounders excluding adiposity (1.25,1.04-1.51, I2=84.8%), and those with adjustment for confounders including adiposity (1.38,1.03-1.86, I2=91.8%). In studies with participants' mean age at BP assessment ≥55 years, no significant differences were found for studies without adjustment for confounders (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.78-1.47, I2=90.3%), studies with adjustment for confounders excluding adiposity (0.85, 0.78-0.92, I2=12.3%), or studies with adjustment for confounders including adiposity (0.95, 0.80-1.11, I2=45.5%). A similar association was observed between AAM and baseline systolic BP and diabolic BP. CONCLUSION Late menarche was associated with a higher risk of BP and this association was modified by age and adiposity in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihao Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Caifang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Pollack AZ, Marroquin JM. Invited Perspective: Metals and Menarche. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:21301. [PMID: 36729393 PMCID: PMC9894152 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Z. Pollack
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Joanna M. Marroquin
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
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Rahimi Z, Saki N, Cheraghian B, Sarvandian S, Hashemi SJ, Kaabi J, Saki Malehi A, Shahriari A, Nasehi N. Association between Age at Menarche and Metabolic Syndrome in Southwest Iran: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. J Res Health Sci 2022; 22:e00558. [PMID: 36511376 PMCID: PMC10422154 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age at menarche affects women's health outcomes and could be a risk factor for some diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). We assessed the association between age at menarche and MetS components in women aged 35-70 in Hoveyzeh, southwest Iran. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 5830 women aged 35-70 years in the Hoveyzeh cohort study (HCS), a part of the PERSIAN cohort study, from 2016-2018. The case group included women with MetS, while the controls were women without MetS. The MetS is determined based on standard NCEP-ATP III criteria. Data from demographic, socioeconomic, and reproductive history were gathered face-to-face through trained interviews. Moreover, laboratory, anthropometrics, and blood pressure measurements were assayed for participants. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the association between age at menarche and MetS, with adjustment for potential confounding variables. RESULTS The mean age at menarche was 12.60 ± 1.76 years old. Urban and rural women differed in age at menarche (12.58 ± 1.71 and 12.63 ± 1.83 years, respectively). The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between MetS and menarche age. The odds of developing MetS were 14% higher in women with menstrual age ≤ 11 years than in other groups. CONCLUSION As evidenced by the results of this study, the odds of having MetS were higher in women whose menarche age was ≤ 11 years. Furthermore, the association between MetS components and age groups at menarche was statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rahimi
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Saki
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sara Sarvandian
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jamileh Kaabi
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amal Saki Malehi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Shahriari
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nahal Nasehi
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Milushkina OY, Popov VI, Skoblina NA, Bokareva NA, Astashkevich EV, Zakharova AA, Skoblina EV. The influence of migration factor on the establishment of menstrual function in girls. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The problems of migration are becoming increasingly important and have primary impact on women’s and children’s health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of migration factor on the establishment of menstrual function in girls. The study enrolled 1,222 female undergraduate students of Moscow universities, born in 1995–2000, of diverse ethnicity. The data were collected in 2015–2020 by questionnaire method. The main group included 322 students classified as migrants and the comparison group included 900 students of local origin (Muscovites). Statistical processing of the data was carried out using Statistica 10.0 package (StatSoft; USA). Mean age at menarche constituted 151.35 ± 1.20 months in migrants and 150.88 ± 1.06 months in Muscovites (p > 0.05). For all participants, menarcheal age fell within the range of 11–15 years (normal). Other parameters of menstrual function were also similar between the groups and comparable to corresponding data collected in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- OYu Milushkina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - VI Popov
- Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - NA Skoblina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - NA Bokareva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - EV Astashkevich
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - AA Zakharova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - EV Skoblina
- Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Research Sociological Center RAS, Moscow, Russia
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Wu X, Bao L, Du Z, Liu X, Liao W, Kang N, Sun C, Abdulai T, Zhai Z, Wang C, Li Y. Secular trends of age at menarche and the effect of famine exposure on age at menarche in rural Chinese women. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:35-40. [PMID: 35139699 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2041092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few decades, more studies have suggested that the age at menarche (AAM) has continued to decline. However, the AAM for women in resource-constrained areas is not clear. Moreover, the association between the China famine and AAM is still unclear in rural regions. AIM The study aimed to investigate the secular trends of AAM for women born between 1935 and 2000 and to further explore the effect of famine on AAM in rural China. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study included 23444 women participants from the baseline study of Henan Rural Cohort study. Changing AAM over time was analysed using linear regressions. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to analyse the association between famine exposure and AAM subgroups. RESULTS The age-standardized mean AAM was 14.74 years. The average AAM declined from 16.98 years for those born in 1935 to 13.87 years for those born in 2000, a decline of 0.077 years per 1 year and 0.729 years per decade. Compared to the reference group, women exposed to famine during fetal, early childhood, middle childhood, and late childhood were 1.376 (95% CI, 1.071 - 1.769), 1.848(95% CI, 1.512 - 2.259), 2.084(95% CI, 1.725 - 2.518), and 2.146 (95% CI, 1.788 - 2.576) times more likely to be ≥18 years of AAM than unexposed famine women, respectively. CONCLUSION AAM showed a decreasing trend in rural China. Furthermore, both fetal and childhood famine exposure, especially in late childhood, were positively associated with increased AAM compared to unexposed famine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Lei Bao
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR. China
| | - Zhen Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Chunyang Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Tanko Abdulai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Zhihan Zhai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Yuqian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
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Liu W, Yan X, Li C, Shu Q, Chen M, Cai L, You D. A secular trend in age at menarche in Yunnan Province, China: a multiethnic population study of 1,275,000 women. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1890. [PMID: 34666747 PMCID: PMC8524999 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age at menarche (AAM) has shown different trends in women from different ethnic and economic regions in recent decades. Data on AAM among multiethnic women living in developing areas are scarce. Methods Data on AAM from 1,275,000 women among 26 ethnicities in Yunnan Province, China, who were born from 1965 to 2001 were obtained from the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project from 2010 to 2018. The patterns of AAM trends were analysed according to ethnic group, area of residence, and socioeconomic status. Results The mean AAM was 13.7 ± 1.21 years (95% CI 13.697–13.701), with a decrease from 14.12 (±1.41) among women born before 1970 to 13.3 (±1.04) among those born after 2000. The decline was 0.36 years per 10-year birth cohort, and the plateau has not yet been reached in Yunnan. A secular trend of earlier AAM was observed in all 26 ethnic groups. The fastest rate of decline was observed for the Bai ethnicity (0.36 years per decade). Consistent declining trends in AAM appeared among extreme-, middling-, and nonpoverty economic patterns from 1965 to 2001, with reductions of 1.19, 1.44, and 1.5 years, respectively (P < 0.001). The peak reduction among middling poverty and extreme poverty occurred in the early 2000s (0.4 and 0.32 years). Multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in the declining trends in AAM along rural/urban lines (P < 0.001). Conclusion There was a secular trend towards a younger AAM during the twentieth century and early twenty-first century birth cohorts in the Yunnan population. Considering the difference in AAM trends due to ethnic and socioeconomic status in Yunnan, the health authority should utilize flexible adjusted health care strategies in different regions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11951-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xuejing Yan
- Department of Management of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Yunnan Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qi Shu
- No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Le Cai
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dingyun You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Sekajová Z, Liczbińska G, Králík M, Čuta M, Ingrová P. Within-family intergenerational trends in age at menarche relative to political changes in Czechoslovakia after World War II. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23588. [PMID: 33650270 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to examine a secular trend in age at menarche (AAM) in the former Czechoslovak (and descendant Slovak and Czech) population in relation to its large-scale political and social events taking place after World War II. METHODS The study included 211 women aged 18-30 (born during 1984-1998), and their relatives: mothers, sisters, and grandmothers, yielding a total of 421 women. Changes in retrospectively recalled AAM between the three generations of women (oldest-grandmothers, middle-mothers, and youngest-daughters) were studied in pairwise comparisons. Relationships between AAM and the birth/conception date were analyzed relative to three events in the post-WWII Czechoslovakia (1948, 1968, and 1989). RESULTS AAM was the highest in the oldest generation, slightly lower in the middle generation and the lowest in the youngest generation. Mixed-Effect Model showed statistically significant interaction between the date of conception, historical events, and the period before and after the event. CONCLUSIONS The recorded decline in AAM is congruent with secular trends reported in the literature. However, the decreasing trend was not linear and included an increase in AAM in women conceived within the five-year period after the invasion of Czechoslovakia by communist armies in 1968.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Sekajová
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Grażyna Liczbińska
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Miroslav Králík
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Čuta
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Ingrová
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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