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Zeng X, Lin D, Liang D, Huang J, Yi J, Lin D, Zhang Z. Gene sequencing and result analysis of balanced translocation carriers by third-generation gene sequencing technology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7004. [PMID: 37117255 PMCID: PMC10147651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Because the total gene copy number remains constant and all genes are normally expressed, carriers of balanced chromosomal translocations usually have a normal phenotype but are able to produce many different types of gametes during meiosis, and unbalanced gametes lead to increased risks of infertility, recurrent spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death or malformations and intellectual abnormalities in offspring. The key to balanced translocations lies in finding the breakpoints, but current genetic testing techniques are all short-read sequencing, with the disadvantage of procedural complexity and imprecision for precisely identifying the breakpoints. The latest third-generation sequencing technology overcomes these drawbacks and uses robust long-read sequencing to accurately and rapidly detect genome-wide information and identify breakpoint locations. In this paper, we performed whole genome long-read sequencing using an Oxford Nanopore sequencer to detect the breakpoints of 4 balanced chromosomal translocation carriers. The results showed that employing about ~ 10× coverage confirmed 6 of the 8 breakpoints, of which, 2 had microdeletions/insertions identified near the breakpoints and 4 had breakpoints that disrupted the normal gene structure and were simultaneously tested for genome-wide structural variation (SV). The results show that whole genome long-read sequencing is an efficient method for pinpointing translocation breakpoints and providing genome-wide information, which is essential for medical genetics and preimplantation genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Obstetrics Department of Longyan First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Dandan Lin
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Danhong Liang
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Yi
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dianliang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zhengmian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Sperm Bank, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Liu D, Chen C, Zhang X, Dong M, He T, Dong Y, Lu J, Yu L, Yang C, Liu F. Successful birth after preimplantation genetic testing for a couple with two different reciprocal translocations and review of the literature. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:58. [PMID: 33879178 PMCID: PMC8056626 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-SR) is widely applied in couples with single reciprocal translocation to increase the chance for a healthy live birth. However, limited knowledge is known on the data of PGT-SR when both parents have a reciprocal translocation. Here, we for the first time present a rare instance of PGT-SR for a non-consanguineous couple in which both parents carried an independent balanced reciprocal translocation and show how relevant genetic counseling data can be generated. METHODS The precise translocation breakpoints were identified by whole genome low-coverage sequencing (WGLCS) and Sanger sequencing. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) combining with breakpoint-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to define 24-chromosome and the carrier status of the euploid embryos. RESULTS Surprisingly, 2 out of 3 day-5 blastocysts were found to be balanced for maternal reciprocal translocation while being normal for paternal translocation and thus transferable. The transferable embryo rate was significantly higher than that which would be expected theoretically. Transfer of one balanced embryo resulted in the birth of a healthy boy. CONCLUSION(S) Our data of PGT-SR together with a systematic review of the literature should help in providing couples carrying two different reciprocal translocations undergoing PGT-SR with more appropriate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuangqi Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Dong
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianwen He
- Medical Genetic Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunqiao Dong
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Medical Genetic Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Medical Genetic Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanchun Yang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Joó JG, Csaba Á, Szigeti Z, Oroszné JN, Rigó J. Major translocations in genetic counselling. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(13)60080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Winberg J, Gustavsson P, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Blennow E, Lundin J, Iwarsson E, Nordenström A, Anderlid BM, Bondeson ML, Nordenskjöld A, Nordgren A. Chimerism resulting from parthenogenetic activation and dispermic fertilization. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2277-86. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Beyazyurek C, Ekmekci CG, Sağlam Y, Cinar C, Kahraman S. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for extremes--successful birth after PGD for a consanguineous couple carrying an identical balanced reciprocal translocation. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:2413.e1-5. [PMID: 20117768 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report a healthy birth after preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) performed for a consanguineous couple carrying an identical familial reciprocal translocation in both partners. DESIGN Case report. SETTING In vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic and genetic laboratory in a private hospital. PATIENT(S) Consanguineous couple carrying the same balanced reciprocal translocation: 46,XX,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2) and 46,XY,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2). INTERVENTION(S) 25 oocyte-cumulus complexes were retrieved 36 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin injection; metaphase II oocytes were fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection; single blastomere biopsy was performed on 15 embryos on day 3; one embryo was found to be normal or balanced according to fluorescent in situ hybridization studies, embryo transfer was performed on day 4. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Healthy birth of homozygous double translocation carrier twins with 46,XY,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2)mat,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2)pat karyotype. RESULT(S) Healthy monozygotic male twins were born at 36 weeks of gestation. Karyotype studies of the babies revealed that they are double translocation homozygotes: 46,XY,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2)mat,t(1;16)(q12;q11.2)pat. They are healthy and more than 4 years old later show no physical or mental abnormalities. CONCLUSION(S) To our knowledge, this is the first PGD study performed for a couple who carry the same reciprocal translocation. The twins born after this study are rare examples in the literature of healthy balanced reciprocal translocation homozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri Beyazyurek
- Reproductive Genetics Laboratory, Istanbul Memorial Hospital, 34385 Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Zaki M, Shehab M, El-Aleem AA, Abdel-Salam G, Koeller HB, Ilkin Y, Ross ME, Dobyns WB, Gleeson JG. Identification of a novel recessiveRELN mutation using a homozygous balanced reciprocal translocation. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:939-44. [PMID: 17431900 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two siblings from a consanguineous Egyptian marriage showed an identical phenotype of cortical lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia, severe epilepsy, and mental retardation. Examination of karyotype revealed 46, t(7;12)(q22;p13)mat (7;12)(q22;p13)pat in both affected children, suggesting a homozygous reciprocal balanced translocation. Each healthy parent was a carrier of the balanced translocation in the heterozygous state, suggesting homozygous disruption of a gene involved in brain development. There were early spontaneous abortions in this family, as would be expected from transmission of an unbalanced chromosome. A disruption of RELN at 7q22.1 with absence of encoded protein was identified. This is the first demonstration that such rare homozygous translocations can be used to identify recessive disease gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ensenauer R, Jalal S, Meyer R, Babovic-Vuksanovic D. Unbalanced cryptic 5p deletion/17p duplication identified by subtelomeric FISH in a family with a boy with chimerism and a balanced t(4;5). Am J Med Genet A 2004; 125A:86-91. [PMID: 14755472 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The use of subtelomeric FISH probes has greatly supplemented conventional chromosome analysis in detecting cryptic anomalies in patients with mental retardation (MR), dysmorphic features, and congenital malformations. We report a 3-month-old boy who was diagnosed with ambiguous genitalia, dysmorphic features, and developmental delay. Standard chromosome studies on blood revealed a chimeric karyotype of 46,XY,t(4;5)(q31.1;q14)[46]/46,XX[4]. The boy had intra-abdominal gonads that were testicular in origin by biopsy. Multiple dysmorphic features, marked hypotonia, developmental delay, poor growth, and relative macrocephaly were noted on physical exam. His 2.5-year-old sister also presented with hypotonia, developmental delay, relative macrocephaly, and similar dysmorphic stigmata. In addition, she was diagnosed with several internal malformations. Her karyotype was 46,XX. Due to the striking phenotypic similarity, subtelomeric FISH studies were initiated in the siblings. In addition to the known balanced karyotypic abnormalities, the boy was found to have a derivative chromosome 5 with a 5pter deletion and a 17pter duplication. This cryptic abnormality was also detected in his sister. Chromosome analysis of the father revealed a subtle balanced t(5;17)(p15.31;p13.1) which was confirmed by subtelomeric FISH, whereas the mother's chromosome complement was normal. This familial constellation illustrates the usefulness of subtelomeric FISH in the diagnosis of cryptic chromosome abnormalities in patients for whom conventional karyotype does not disclose findings sufficient to explain the observed phenotypic anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Ensenauer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Simon-Bouy B, Plachot M, Mokdad A, Lavaud N, Muti C, Bazin A, Vialard F, Belaisch-Allart J. Possible human chimera detected prenatally after in vitro fertilization: a case report. Prenat Diagn 2004; 23:935-7. [PMID: 14634982 DOI: 10.1002/pd.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimerism is the coexistence of more than one cell line in an individual, due to the fusion of originally separate zygotes. It has been very rarely described in humans. METHODS A 36-year-old woman who was referred for in vitro fertilization (IVF) for unexplained infertility had three embryos transferred. RESULTS Four weeks and five days after the transfer, ultrasound examination detected a single fetus in the uterus. Ultrasound examination at 17 weeks for metrorrhagia showed severe intrauterine growth retardation. Amniocentesis revealed a mixture of 46,XY and 46,XX clones. Histopathologic examination showed a dysmorphic fetus with female phenotype and severe growth retardation. CONCLUSIONS Although demonstration by fingerprinting has not been possible, fusion of two of the three transferred embryos (one male and one female) seems to be the most probable mechanism that could explain both cytogenetic and histopathologic observations. No chimera has yet been described after IVF. It would be interesting to collect any such observations from other IVF centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Simon-Bouy
- Laboratoire SESEP, Université de Versailles, Versailles, France.
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Simon-Bouy B, Plachot M, Mokdad A, Muti C, Bazin A, Vialard F, Belaisch-Allart J. Diagnostic prénatal d’une probable chimère humaine après fécondation in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 32:143-6. [PMID: 15123138 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2003.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chimerism is the coexistence of more than one cell line in an individual, due to the fusion of originally separate zygotes. It has been very rarely described in humans. A 36-year-old woman referred for in vitro fertilization (IVF) had three embryos transferred leading to a monofetal pregnancy. Ultrasound examination at 17 weeks showed severe intrauterine growth retardation. Amniocentesis revealed a mixture of 46,XY and 46,XX clones. Histopathologic examination showed a dysmorphic fetus with female phenotype and severe growth retardation. Fusion of two of the three embryos (one male and one female) seems to be the most probable mechanism that could explain both cytogenetic and histopathologic observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Simon-Bouy
- Laboratoire SESEP, université de Versailles, 45, avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000 Versailles, France.
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10
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Wysocka B, Brozek I, Wierzba J, Kardaś I, Woźniak A, Kowalczyk J, Balcerska A, Limon J. Partial trisomy of distal 5q and partial monosomy of Xp as a result of mating between two translocation carriers: a female with a balanced translocation t(X;5)(p11;q31) and a male with a der(13;14)(q10;q10)--a case report and a family study. ANNALES DE GENETIQUE 2002; 45:143-6. [PMID: 12381446 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-3995(02)01124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the family of a dysmorphic child with the phenotypic features of Turner's syndrome and 5q trisomy, whose parents are both carriers of a balanced translocation. The parents' karyotypes are 46,X,t(X;5)(p11.1;q31) and 45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10), respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Child
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Chromosomes, Human, X
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Male
- Pedigree
- Sex Chromosome Aberrations
- Translocation, Genetic
- Trisomy
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wysocka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland
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Wiley JE, Madigan M, Christie JD, Smith AW. Dispermic chimerism with two abnormal cell lines, 47,XY, +21 and 47,XX, +12. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2002; 107:64-6. [PMID: 11807871 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chimerism in humans appears to be a rare phenomenon that is usually discovered by accident. Here we describe a stillborn male fetus with multiple congenital anomalies which was found to have two cytogenetically abnormal cell lines, 47,XY, +21 and 47, XX, +12. The difference in sex chromosome constitution between the cell lines indicated that the fetus had dispermic chimerism. To our knowledge, this is the first report of chimerism with two abnormal cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Wiley
- Department of Pediatrics, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, USA.
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Cook L, Hartsfield JK, Vance GH. Partners with reciprocal translocations: genetic counseling for the 'double translocation'. Clin Genet 1998; 53:403-7. [PMID: 9660061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1998.tb02754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
SV at age 2 years presented with multiple congenital anomalies including an absent left kidney, anal stenosis, vertebral abnormalities, partial sacral agenesis, microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, growth deficiency, and developmental delay. She was found to have a complex chromosomal rearrangement derived from balanced translocations in each parent.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
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Farrell SA, Fan YS. Balanced nonacrocentric whole-arm reciprocal translocations: a de novo case and literature review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1995; 55:423-6. [PMID: 7762581 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320550408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a new de novo case of a balanced whole-arm reciprocal translocation, detected at prenatal diagnosis for late maternal age. A review of previous cases indicates there is a risk of chromosomally abnormal liveborn offspring when a parent is a carrier of this type of translocation, particularly when the translocated region is a small chromosomal segment. Due to the limited number of cases, exact reproductive risks are not available. This is the second example of such a translocation of chromosomes 1 and 5, raising the possibility of nonrandom involvement of certain chromosomes in balanced nonacrocentric whole-arm reciprocal translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Farrell
- Division of Genetics, Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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