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Staudacher O, Klein J, Thee S, Ullrich J, Wahn V, Unterwalder N, Kölsch U, Lankes E, Stittrich A, Dedieu C, Dinges S, Völler M, Schuetz C, Schulte J, Boztug K, Meisel C, Kuehl JS, Krüger R, Blankenstein O, von Bernuth H. Screening Newborns for Low T Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) Fails to Detect Immunodeficiency, Centromeric Instability, and Facial Anomalies Syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:2872-2883. [PMID: 37302792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) in dried blood spots of newborns allows the detection of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) (T cells <300/μL at birth) with a presumed sensitivity of 100%. TREC screening also identifies patients with selected combined immunodeficiency (CID) (T cells >300/μL, yet <1500/μL at birth). Nevertheless, relevant CIDs that would benefit from early recognition and curative treatment pass undetected. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that TREC screening at birth cannot identify CIDs that develop with age. METHODS We analyzed the number of TRECs in dried blood spots in archived Guthrie cards of 22 children who had been born in the Berlin-Brandenburg area between January 2006 and November 2018 and who had undergone hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) for inborn errors of immunity. RESULTS All patients with SCID would have been identified by TREC screening, but only 4 of 6 with CID. One of these patients had immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome type 2 (ICF2). Two of 3 patients with ICF whom we have been following up at our institution had TREC numbers above the cutoff value suggestive of SCID at birth. Yet all patients with ICF had a severe clinical course that would have justified earlier HSCT. CONCLUSIONS In ICF, naïve T cells may be present at birth, yet they decline with age. Therefore, TREC screening cannot identify these patients. Early recognition is nevertheless crucial, as patients with ICF benefit from HSCT early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Staudacher
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanette Klein
- Newborn Screening Laboratory, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Thee
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Ullrich
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Wahn
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Unterwalder
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Kölsch
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erwin Lankes
- Newborn Screening Laboratory, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Uninrsitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Stittrich
- Department of Human Genetics, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cinzia Dedieu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Dinges
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mirjam Völler
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria; St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Meisel
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörn-Sven Kuehl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Renate Krüger
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité-Vivantes, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Wu L, Li O, Zhu F, Wang X, Chen P, Cai G, Chen X, Hong Q. Krϋppel-like factor 15 suppresses renal glomerular mesangial cell proliferation via enhancing P53 SUMO1 conjugation. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5691-5706. [PMID: 33949114 PMCID: PMC8184688 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is a key pathological feature in a number of common human renal diseases, including mesangial proliferative nephritis and diabetic nephropathies. Knowledge of MC responses to pathological stimuli is crucial to the understanding of these disease processes. We previously determined that Krϋppel‐like factor 15 (KLF15), a kidney‐enriched zinc‐finger transcription factor, was required for inhibition of MC proliferation. In the present study, we investigated the direct target gene and the underlying mechanism by which KLF15 regulated mesangial proliferation. First, we screened small ubiquitin‐related modifier 1 (SUMO1) as the direct transcriptional target of KLF15 and validated this finding with ChIP‐PCR and luciferase assays. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overexpressing KLF15 or SUMO1 enhanced the stability of P53, which blocked the cell cycle of human renal MCs (HRMCs) and therefore abolished cell proliferation. Conversely, knockdown of SUMO1 in HRMCs, even those overexpressed with KLF15, could not inhibit HRMC proliferation rates and increase SUMOylation of P53. Finally, the results showed that the levels of SUMOylated P53 in the kidney cortices of anti‐Thy 1 model rats were decreased during proliferation periods. These findings reveal the critical mechanism by which KLF15 targets SUMO1 to mediate the proliferation of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ou Li
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fengge Zhu
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of NephrologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Sogkas G, Dubrowinskaja N, Bergmann AK, Lentes J, Ripperger T, Fedchenko M, Ernst D, Jablonka A, Geffers R, Baumann U, Schmidt RE, Atschekzei F. Progressive Immunodeficiency with Gradual Depletion of B and CD4⁺ T Cells in Immunodeficiency, Centromeric Instability and Facial Anomalies Syndrome 2 (ICF2). Diseases 2019; 7:diseases7020034. [PMID: 30987377 PMCID: PMC6631482 DOI: 10.3390/diseases7020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial anomalies syndrome 2 (ICF2) is a rare autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder. So far, 27 patients have been reported. Here, we present three siblings with ICF2 due to a homozygous ZBTB24 gene mutation (c.1222 T>G, p. (Cys408Gly)). Immune deficiency in these patients ranged from late-onset combined immunodeficiency (CID) with severe respiratory tract infections and recurrent shingles to asymptomatic selective antibody deficiency. Evident clinical heterogeneity manifested despite a common genetic background, suggesting the pathogenic relevance of epigenetic modification. Immunological follow-up reveals a previously unidentified gradual depletion of B and CD4+ T cells in all three presented patients with transition of a common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)-like disease to late-onset-CID in one of them. Considering all previously published cases with ICF2, we identify inadequate antibody responses to vaccines and reduction in CD27+ memory B cells as prevalent immunological traits. High mortality among ICF2 patients (20%) together with the progressive course of immunodeficiency suggest that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) should be considered as a treatment option in due time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Sogkas
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Natalia Dubrowinskaja
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Anke K Bergmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Jana Lentes
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Tim Ripperger
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mykola Fedchenko
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Diana Ernst
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Jablonka
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Reinhold E Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Faranaz Atschekzei
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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4
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Sun S. Deciphering the SUMO code in the kidney. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:711-719. [PMID: 30506859 PMCID: PMC6349152 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation of proteins is an important regulatory element in modulating protein function and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, brain injuries, diabetes, and familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Growing evidence has pointed to a significant role of SUMO in kidney diseases such as DN, RCC, nephritis, AKI, hypertonic stress and nephrolithiasis. Recently, emerging studies in podocytes demonstrated that SUMO might have a protective role against podocyte apoptosis. However, the SUMO code responsible for beneficial outcome in the kidney remains to be decrypted. Our recent experiments have revealed that the expression of both SUMO and SUMOylated proteins is appreciably elevated in hypoxia‐induced tubular epithelial cells (TECs) as well as in the unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) mouse model, suggesting a role of SUMO in TECs injury and renal fibrosis. In this review, we attempt to decipher the SUMO code in the development of kidney diseases by summarizing the defined function of SUMO and looking forward to the potential role of SUMO in kidney diseases, especially in the pathology of renal fibrosis and CKD, with the goal of developing strategies that maximize correct interpretation in clinical therapy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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5
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Downregulation of ZBTB24 hampers the G0/1- to S-phase cell-cycle transition via upregulating the expression of IRF-4 in human B cells. Genes Immun 2016; 17:276-82. [PMID: 27098601 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently identified that loss-of-function mutations in the uncharacterized gene ZBTB24 (zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 24) cause ICF2 (immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial anomalies syndrome 2) with immunological characteristics of greatly reduced serum antibodies and circulating memory B cells. ZBTB24 belongs to the large ZBTB family of transcriptional repressors with members like B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6; ZBTB27) playing critical roles in B-cell functions. Given the genotype-phenotype correlation analyses in ICF2 patients and the high expression of ZBTB24 in human B cells, we, in the present study, investigated the function of ZBTB24 in human B-cell line Raji cells. Knockdown of endogenous ZBTB24 by small hairpin RNAs results in a significantly reduced proliferation through blocking the G0/1- to S-phase cell-cycle progression, but not apoptosis induction. Moreover, downregulation of ZBTB24 increases the expression of IRF-4 (interferon regulatory factor 4) and Blimp-1 (B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1), two crucial factors involved in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Importantly, ZBTB24 exerts these functions independent of BCL-6 as it does not affect the expression and function of BCL-6. Our study thus not only provides a molecular explanation for the B-cell and antibody defects observed in ZBTB24-deficient ICF2 patients, but also indicates that ZBTB24 represents a novel transcriptional factor essentially involved in human B-cell functions.
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Sterlin D, Velasco G, Moshous D, Touzot F, Mahlaoui N, Fischer A, Suarez F, Francastel C, Picard C. Genetic, Cellular and Clinical Features of ICF Syndrome: a French National Survey. J Clin Immunol 2016; 36:149-59. [PMID: 26851945 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autosomal recessive deficiencies of DNMT3B or ZBTB24 account for two-thirds of cases of immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial dysmorphism (ICF syndrome). This primary immunodeficiency (PID) is characterized mainly by an antibody deficiency, facial abnormalities and centromeric instability. We analyzed the national cohort of patients with ICF syndrome with the aim of providing a more detailed description of the phenotype and management of patients with ICF syndrome. METHODS Demographic, genetic, immunological, and clinical features were recorded for each patient. RESULTS In the French cohort, seven of the nine patients carried DNMT3B mutations, six of which had never been described before. One patient had compound heterozygous ZBTB24 mutations. All patients were found to lack CD19(+)CD27(+) memory B cells. This feature is a major diagnostic criterion for both ICF1 and ICF2. Patients suffered both bacterial and viral infections, and three patients developed bronchiectasis. Autoimmune manifestations (hepatitis, nephritis and thyroiditis) not previously reported in ICF1 patients were also detected in two of our ICF1 patients. The mode of treatment and outcome of the French patients are reported, by genetic defect, and compared with those for 68 previously reported ICF patients. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement treatment was administered to all nine French patients. One ICF1 patient presented severe autoimmune manifestations and pancytopenia and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but she died from unknown causes 6 years post-transplant. CONCLUSION Autoimmune signs are uncommon in ICF syndrome, but, when present, they affect patient outcome and require immunosuppressive treatment. The long-term outcome of ICF patients has been improved by the combination of IgG replacement and antibiotic prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Sterlin
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University Paris Descartes, 149 rue de Sevres, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Velasco
- CNRS UMR7216, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Despina Moshous
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Touzot
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institut, Necker Medical School, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Biotherapy Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker - Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,College de France, Paris, France.,French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker - Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Adult Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker - Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163 and CNRS ERL8254, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Claire Francastel
- CNRS UMR7216, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University Paris Descartes, 149 rue de Sevres, 75015, Paris, France. .,Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Laboratory of the Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker - Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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7
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Abstract
The life-threatening Immunodeficiency, Centromeric Instability and Facial Anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder. Twenty percent of patients cannot be explained by mutations in the known ICF genes DNA methyltransferase 3B or zinc-finger and BTB domain containing 24. Here we report mutations in the cell division cycle associated 7 and the helicase, lymphoid-specific genes in 10 unexplained ICF cases. Our data highlight the genetic heterogeneity of ICF syndrome; however, they provide evidence that all genes act in common or converging pathways leading to the ICF phenotype.
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8
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von Bernuth H, Ravindran E, Du H, Fröhler S, Strehl K, Krämer N, Issa-Jahns L, Amulic B, Ninnemann O, Xiao MS, Eirich K, Kölsch U, Hauptmann K, John R, Schindler D, Wahn V, Chen W, Kaindl AM. Combined immunodeficiency develops with age in Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 2 (ICF2). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:116. [PMID: 25330735 PMCID: PMC4230835 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autosomal recessive immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome (ICF) is characterized by immunodeficiency, developmental delay, and facial anomalies. ICF2, caused by biallelic ZBTB24 gene mutations, is acknowledged primarily as an isolated B-cell defect. Here, we extend the phenotype spectrum by describing, in particular, for the first time the development of a combined immune defect throughout the disease course as well as putative autoimmune phenomena such as granulomatous hepatitis and nephritis. We also demonstrate impaired cell-proliferation and increased cell death of immune and non-immune cells as well as data suggesting a chromosome separation defect in addition to the known chromosome condensation defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horst von Bernuth
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ethiraj Ravindran
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hang Du
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Fröhler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Karoline Strehl
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nadine Krämer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lina Issa-Jahns
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Borko Amulic
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Olaf Ninnemann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mei-Sheng Xiao
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katharina Eirich
- Institute for Human Genetics, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Uwe Kölsch
- Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Hauptmann
- Institute for Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rainer John
- Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Institute for Human Genetics, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Volker Wahn
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wei Chen
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Pediatric Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Weemaes CMR, van Tol MJD, Wang J, van Ostaijen-ten Dam MM, van Eggermond MCJA, Thijssen PE, Aytekin C, Brunetti-Pierri N, van der Burg M, Graham Davies E, Ferster A, Furthner D, Gimelli G, Gennery A, Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Meyn S, Powell C, Reisli I, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Shugar A, van den Elsen PJ, van der Maarel SM. Heterogeneous clinical presentation in ICF syndrome: correlation with underlying gene defects. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1219-25. [PMID: 23486536 PMCID: PMC3798845 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency with centromeric instability and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency, predominantly characterized by agammaglobulinemia or hypoimmunoglobulinemia, centromere instability and facial anomalies. Mutations in two genes have been discovered to cause ICF syndrome: DNMT3B and ZBTB24. To characterize the clinical features of this syndrome, as well as genotype-phenotype correlations, we compared clinical and genetic data of 44 ICF patients. Of them, 23 had mutations in DNMT3B (ICF1), 13 patients had mutations in ZBTB24 (ICF2), whereas for 8 patients, the gene defect has not yet been identified (ICFX). While at first sight these patients share the same immunological, morphological and epigenetic hallmarks of the disease, systematic evaluation of all reported informative cases shows that: (1) the humoral immunodeficiency is generally more pronounced in ICF1 patients, (2) B- and T-cell compartments are both involved in ICF1 and ICF2, (3) ICF2 patients have a significantly higher incidence of intellectual disability and (4) congenital malformations can be observed in some ICF1 and ICF2 cases. It is expected that these observations on prevalence and clinical presentation will facilitate mutation-screening strategies and help in diagnostic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry MR Weemaes
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten JD van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marja CJA van Eggermond
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter E Thijssen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caner Aytekin
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Research and Educational Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Graham Davies
- Centre for Immunodeficiency, Great Ormond Street Hospital and Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Alina Ferster
- Department of Pediatrics, Haemato-Oncology Unit, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Instituto G Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Andy Gennery
- Department of Paediatric Immunology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Barbara Kloeckener-Gruissem
- Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETHZ, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Meyn
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia Powell
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Shugar
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J van den Elsen
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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de Greef J, Wang J, Balog J, den Dunnen J, Frants R, Straasheijm K, Aytekin C, van der Burg M, Duprez L, Ferster A, Gennery A, Gimelli G, Reisli I, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Smeets D, Sznajer Y, Wijmenga C, van Eggermond M, van Ostaijen-ten Dam M, Lankester A, van Tol M, van den Elsen P, Weemaes C, van der Maarel S. Mutations in ZBTB24 are associated with immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome type 2. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 88:796-804. [PMID: 21596365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is mainly characterized by recurrent, often fatal, respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. About 50% of patients carry mutations in the DNA methyltransferase 3B gene (DNMT3B) (ICF1). The remaining patients carry unknown genetic defects (ICF2) but share with ICF1 patients the same immunological and epigenetic features, including hypomethylation of juxtacentromeric repeat sequences. We performed homozygosity mapping in five unrelated ICF2 patients with consanguineous parents and then performed whole-exome sequencing in one of these patients and Sanger sequencing in all to identify mutations in the zinc-finger- and BTB (bric-a-bric, tramtrack, broad complex)-domain-containing 24 (ZBTB24) gene in four consanguineously descended ICF2 patients. Additionally, we found ZBTB24 mutations in an affected sibling pair and in one patient for whom it was not known whether his parents were consanguineous. ZBTB24 belongs to a large family of transcriptional repressors that include members, such as BCL6 and PATZ1, with prominent regulatory roles in hematopoietic development and malignancy. These data thus indicate that ZBTB24 is involved in DNA methylation of juxtacentromeric DNA and in B cell development and/or B and T cell interactions. Because ZBTB24 is a putative DNA-binding protein highly expressed in the lymphoid lineage, we predict that by studying the molecular function of ZBTB24, we will improve our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of ICF syndrome and of lymphocyte biology in general.
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11
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Polityko A, Khurs O, Rumyantseva N, Naumchik I, Kosyakova N, Tönnies H, Sperling K, Neitzel H, Weise A, Liehr T. Two siblings with immunodeficiency, facial abnormalities and chromosomal instability without mutation in DNMT3B gene but liability towards malignancy; a new chromatin disorder delineation? Mol Cytogenet 2010; 3:5. [PMID: 20211012 PMCID: PMC2844377 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ICF syndrome (standing for Immunodeficiency, Centromere instability and Facial anomalies syndrome) is a very rare autosomal recessive immune disorder caused by mutations of the gene de novo DNA-methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B). However, in the literature similar clinical cases without such mutations are reported, as well. Results We report on a family in which the unrelated spouses had two female siblings sharing similar phenotypic features resembling ICF-syndrome, i.e. congenital abnormalities, immunodeficiency, developmental delay and high level of chromosomal instability, including high frequency of centromeric/pericentromeric rearrangements and breaks, chromosomal fragments despiralization or pulverization. However, mutations in DNMT3B could not be detected. Conclusion The discovery of a new so-called 'chromatin disorder' is suggested. Clinical, molecular genetic and cytogenetic characteristics are reported and compared to other 'chromatin disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polityko
- National Medical Center "Mother and Child", Orlovska Street 66, 220053 Minsk, Republic of Belarus.
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12
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Ming JE, Stiehm ER. Genetic syndromic immunodeficiencies with antibody defects. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2009; 28:715-36, vii. [PMID: 18940571 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the major syndromic immunodeficiencies with significant antibody defects, many of which may require intravenous immunogammaglobulin therapy. The authors define syndromic immunodeficiency as an illness associated with a characteristic group of phenotypic abnormalities or laboratory features that comprise a recognizable syndrome. Many are familial with a defined inheritance pattern. Immunodeficiency may not be a major part of the illness and may not be present in all patients; thus, these conditions differ from primary immunodeficiency syndromes, in which immune abnormalities are a consistent and prominent feature of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Ming
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Ehrlich M, Sanchez C, Shao C, Nishiyama R, Kehrl J, Kuick R, Kubota T, Hanash SM. ICF, an immunodeficiency syndrome: DNA methyltransferase 3B involvement, chromosome anomalies, and gene dysregulation. Autoimmunity 2008; 41:253-71. [PMID: 18432406 PMCID: PMC2430169 DOI: 10.1080/08916930802024202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immunodeficiency, centromeric region instability, and facial anomalies syndrome (ICF) is the only disease known to result from a mutated DNA methyltransferase gene, namely, DNMT3B. Characteristic of this recessive disease are decreases in serum immunoglobulins despite the presence of B cells and, in the juxtacentromeric heterochromatin of chromosomes 1 and 16, chromatin decondensation, distinctive rearrangements, and satellite DNA hypomethylation. Although DNMT3B is involved in specific associations with histone deacetylases, HP1, other DNMTs, chromatin remodelling proteins, condensin, and other nuclear proteins, it is probably the partial loss of catalytic activity that is responsible for the disease. In microarray experiments and real-time RT-PCR assays, we observed significant differences in RNA levels from ICF vs. control lymphoblasts for pro- and anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2L10, CASP1, and PTPN13); nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, NF-kappaB, and TNFalpha signalling pathway genes (PRKCH, GUCY1A3, GUCY1B3, MAPK13; HMOX1, and MAP4K4); and transcription control genes (NR2F2 and SMARCA2). This gene dysregulation could contribute to the immunodeficiency and other symptoms of ICF and might result from the limited losses of DNA methylation although ICF-related promoter hypomethylation was not observed for six of the above examined genes. We propose that hypomethylation of satellite 2 at 1qh and 16qh might provoke this dysregulation gene expression by trans effects from altered sequestration of transcription factors, changes in nuclear architecture, or expression of noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Ehrlich
- Hayward Human Genetics Program, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Rigolet M, Grégoire A, Lefort G, Blanchet P, Courbes C, Rodière M, Sarda P, Viegas-Péquignot E. Early prenatal diagnosis of ICF syndrome by mutation detection. Prenat Diagn 2007; 27:1075-8. [PMID: 17705213 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Schuetz C, Barbi G, Barth TFE, Hoenig M, Schulz A, Möeller P, Smeets D, de Greef JC, van der Maarel SM, Vogel W, Debatin KM, Friedrich W. ICF syndrome: high variability of the chromosomal phenotype and association with classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:2052-7. [PMID: 17702009 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report on two sibs with ICF syndrome (immunodeficiency, centromeric heterochromatin instability, and facial anomalies) diagnosed in the elder brother based on the typical chromosomal abnormalities present in 56% of metaphases from cultured lymphocytes. In a previous cytogenetic analysis this diagnosis had been missed due to low manifestation of the ICF chromosomal phenotype. Hypomethylation of classical satellites 2 and 3, and of alpha-satellite DNA was shown in the lymphocytes of the younger sister. At 7 years of age the boy presented with hemiplegia due to tumerous invasion of the right brachial plexus. Histopathology revealed classical Hodgkin lymphoma, a neoplasia which might have been facilitated by the underlying genetic defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (Ubc9) was originally thought to be a conjugating enzyme for ubiquitylation, but was later shown to be responsible for the most recently identified type of post-translational modification, (i.e., SUMO [small ubiquitin-related modifier]) conjugation or sumoylation. Like ubiquitylation, sumoylation modulates protein function through post-translational covalent attachment to lysine residues within targeted proteins. However, although ubiquitylation can lead to protein degradation through the 26S proteasome, sumoylation does not cause protein degradation; instead, it has been implicated in other cellular processes, such as regulating the activity of transcription factors, mediating nuclear translocation of proteins or the formation of subnuclear structures. Interestingly, some proteins can be modified at the same lysine residue by both SUMO and ubiquitin, but with distinct functional consequences. Given that many proteins involved in cell-cycle regulation, proliferation, apoptosis and DNA repair are targets for sumoylation, alterations of sumoylation could ultimately have an impact on cell growth, cancer development and drug responsiveness. As Ubc9 is the sole E2-conjugating enzyme required for sumoylation, and, in particular, Ubc9 is upregulated in an increasing number of human malignancies, such as ovarian carcinoma, melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma, it is a potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yuan Mo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University, PO Box 19626, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
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