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Petracchi F, Sisterna S, Igarzabal L, Wilkins-Haug L. Fetal cardiac abnormalities: Genetic etiologies to be considered. Prenat Diagn 2019; 39:758-780. [PMID: 31087396 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases are a common prenatal finding. The prenatal identification of an associated genetic syndrome or a major extracardiac anomaly helps to understand the etiopathogenic diagnosis. Besides, it also assesses the prognosis, management, and familial recurrence risk while strongly influences parental decision to choose termination of pregnancy or postnatal care. This review article describes the most common genetic diagnoses associated with a prenatal finding of a congenital heart disease and a suggested diagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Petracchi
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Sisterna
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Igarzabal
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Louise Wilkins-Haug
- Harvard Medical School Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Division Chief Maternal Fetal Medicine and Reproductive Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Bögershausen N, Altunoglu U, Beleggia F, Yigit G, Kayserili H, Nürnberg P, Li Y, Altmüller J, Wollnik B. An unusual presentation of Kabuki syndrome with orbital cysts, microphthalmia, and cholestasis with bile duct paucity. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:3282-3288. [PMID: 27530281 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by multiple congenital malformations, postnatal growth retardation, intellectual disability, and recognizable facial features. It is mainly caused by mutations in either KMT2D or KDM6A. We describe a 14-year-old boy with KS presenting with an unusual combination of bilateral microphthalmia with orbital cystic venous lymphatic malformation and neonatal cholestasis with bile duct paucity, in addition to the typical clinical features of KS. We identified the novel KMT2D mutation c.10588delC, p.(Glu3530Serfs*128) by Mendeliome (Illumina TruSight One®) sequencing, a next generation sequencing panel targeting 4,813 genes linked to human genetic disease. We analyzed the Mendeliome data for additional mutations which might explain the exceptional clinical presentation of our patient but did not find any, leading us to suspect that the above named symptoms might be part of the KMT2D-associated spectrum of anomalies. We thus extend the range of KS-associated malformations and propose a hypothetical connection between KMT2D and Notch signaling. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bögershausen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filippo Beleggia
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Sakhuja P, Whyte H, Kamath B, Martin N, Chitayat D. Williams syndrome presenting with findings consistent with Alagille syndrome. Clin Case Rep 2014; 3:24-8. [PMID: 25678968 PMCID: PMC4317206 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, posterior embryotoxon, and vertebral anomalies are not features of William syndrome (WS). We herein report a preterm infant who presented with features suggestive of Alagille syndrome, but microarray showed findings consistent with WS. This further extends the phenotype of WS and emphasizes the need for microarray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sakhuja
- Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilary Whyte
- Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Binita Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Martin
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Chitayat
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada ; Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Stankiewicz P, Kulkarni S, Dharmadhikari AV, Sampath S, Bhatt SS, Shaikh TH, Xia Z, Pursley AN, Cooper ML, Shinawi M, Paciorkowski AR, Grange DK, Noetzel MJ, Saunders S, Simons P, Summar M, Lee B, Scaglia F, Fellmann F, Martinet D, Beckmann JS, Asamoah A, Platky K, Sparks S, Martin AS, Madan-Khetarpal S, Hoover J, Medne L, Bonnemann CG, Moeschler JB, Vallee SE, Parikh S, Irwin P, Dalzell VP, Smith WE, Banks VC, Flannery DB, Lovell CM, Bellus GA, Golden-Grant K, Gorski JL, Kussmann JL, McGregor TL, Hamid R, Pfotenhauer J, Ballif BC, Shaw CA, Kang SHL, Bacino CA, Patel A, Rosenfeld JA, Cheung SW, Shaffer LG. Recurrent deletions and reciprocal duplications of 10q11.21q11.23 including CHAT and SLC18A3 are likely mediated by complex low-copy repeats. Hum Mutat 2011; 33:165-79. [PMID: 21948486 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report 24 unrelated individuals with deletions and 17 additional cases with duplications at 10q11.21q21.1 identified by chromosomal microarray analysis. The rearrangements range in size from 0.3 to 12 Mb. Nineteen of the deletions and eight duplications are flanked by large, directly oriented segmental duplications of >98% sequence identity, suggesting that nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) caused these genomic rearrangements. Nine individuals with deletions and five with duplications have additional copy number changes. Detailed clinical evaluation of 20 patients with deletions revealed variable clinical features, with developmental delay (DD) and/or intellectual disability (ID) as the only features common to a majority of individuals. We suggest that some of the other features present in more than one patient with deletion, including hypotonia, sleep apnea, chronic constipation, gastroesophageal and vesicoureteral refluxes, epilepsy, ataxia, dysphagia, nystagmus, and ptosis may result from deletion of the CHAT gene, encoding choline acetyltransferase, and the SLC18A3 gene, mapping in the first intron of CHAT and encoding vesicular acetylcholine transporter. The phenotypic diversity and presence of the deletion in apparently normal carrier parents suggest that subjects carrying 10q11.21q11.23 deletions may exhibit variable phenotypic expressivity and incomplete penetrance influenced by additional genetic and nongenetic modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Chromosome imbalances are the leading cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities in the population. This paper reviews the current methods used to diagnose chromosome abnormalities in children including karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization and microarray technologies. Advances in molecular cytogenetics, especially with the use of microarrays, have substantially increased the detection of chromosome abnormalities in children with disabilities and congenital anomalies above that achievable with conventional cytogenetic banding and light microscopy.
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Honeywell C, Gardin L, Jimenez-Rivera C, Allanson J. Array CGH ends diagnostic odyssey for infant with features of Williams and Alagille syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1102-3. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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