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Ma GC, Chen TH, Wu WJ, Lee DJ, Lin WH, Chen M. Proposal for Practical Approach in Prenatal Diagnosis of Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome and Review of the Literature. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071709. [PMID: 35885613 PMCID: PMC9315620 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorder associated with epigenetic/genetic aberrations on chromosome 11p15.4p15.5. There is no consensus criterion for prenatal diagnosis of BWS. Methods: Three BWS patients with their clinical histories, prenatal ultrasonographic features, and results of molecular diagnosis were presented. Likewise, by incorporating the findings of our cases and literature review, the phenotypic spectrum and genotype–phenotype correlations of fetal BWS were summarized, and a practical approach in prenatal diagnosis of BWS was proposed. Results: A total of 166 BWS cases with prenatal features were included for analysis. Common fetal features include abdominal wall defects (42.8%), polyhydramnios (33.1%), and macrosomia (32.5%). Molecular pathologies include methylation changes in imprinting control region 1 and 2 (ICR1 and ICR2), paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11p15.5, copy number change involving 11p15, etc. Some genotype–phenotype correlations were observed. However, the broad phenotypic spectrum but limited features manifested by affected fetuses rendering ultrasonographic diagnosis not easy. Conclusions: Molecular tests are used for prenatal diagnosis of BWS suspected by ultrasonography. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) is recommended as the first-line molecular tool because it simultaneously detects ICR1/ICR2 methylation statuses and copy numbers that solve the majority of clinical cases in the prenatal scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo-Chin Ma
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (G.-C.M.); (W.-J.W.)
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Ho Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Ju Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (G.-C.M.); (W.-J.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Dong-Jay Lee
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Hsiang Lin
- Welgene Biotechnology Company, Nangang Business Park, Taipei 11560, Taiwan;
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (G.-C.M.); (W.-J.W.)
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-4722-5121 (ext. 2323)
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Park KS, Rahat B, Lee HC, Yu ZX, Noeker J, Mitra A, Kean CM, Knutsen RH, Springer D, Gebert CM, Kozel BA, Pfeifer K. Cardiac pathologies in mouse loss of imprinting models are due to misexpression of H19 long noncoding RNA. eLife 2021; 10:e67250. [PMID: 34402430 PMCID: PMC8425947 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal loss of imprinting (LOI) at the H19/IGF2 locus results in biallelic IGF2 and reduced H19 expression and is associated with Beckwith--Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). We use mouse models for LOI to understand the relative importance of Igf2 and H19 mis-expression in BWS phenotypes. Here we focus on cardiovascular phenotypes and show that neonatal cardiomegaly is exclusively dependent on increased Igf2. Circulating IGF2 binds cardiomyocyte receptors to hyperactivate mTOR signaling, resulting in cellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy. These Igf2-dependent phenotypes are transient: cardiac size returns to normal once Igf2 expression is suppressed postnatally. However, reduced H19 expression is sufficient to cause progressive heart pathologies including fibrosis and reduced ventricular function. In the heart, H19 expression is primarily in endothelial cells (ECs) and regulates EC differentiation both in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we establish novel mouse models to show that cardiac phenotypes depend on H19 lncRNA interactions with Mirlet7 microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Sun Park
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Beenish Rahat
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Hyung Chul Lee
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- Pathology Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Jacob Noeker
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Connor M Kean
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Russell H Knutsen
- Laboratory of Vascular and Matrix Genetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Danielle Springer
- Murine Phenotyping Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Claudia M Gebert
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Beth A Kozel
- Laboratory of Vascular and Matrix Genetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Karl Pfeifer
- Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
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Increased plasma levels of lncRNA H19 and LIPCAR are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7491. [PMID: 28790415 PMCID: PMC5548926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in animal models and humans show that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development of atherosclerosis, which contributes to the pathological foundation of coronary artery disease (CAD). LncRNAs in plasma and serum have been considered as promising novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, especially CAD. We here measured the circulating levels of 8 individual lncRNAs which are known to be relevant to atherosclerosis in the plasma samples from 300 patients with CAD and 180 control subjects by using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods. We found that the plasma level of H19 and long intergenic non-coding RNA predicting cardiac remodeling (LIPCAR) were significantly increased in patients with CAD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.631 for H19 and 0.722 for LIPCAR. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that plasma H19 and LIPCAR were independent predictors for CAD, even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies identified that plasma levels of H19 and LIPCAR were also increased in CAD patients with heart failure compared to those with normal cardiac function. Taken together, our results suggest that increased plasma levels of H19 and LIPCAR are associated with increased risk of CAD and may be considered as novel biomarkers for CAD.
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Gao W, Zhu M, Wang H, Zhao S, Zhao D, Yang Y, Wang ZM, Wang F, Yang ZJ, Lu X, Wang LS. Association of polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA H19 with coronary artery disease risk in a Chinese population. Mutat Res 2015; 772:15-22. [PMID: 25772106 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
H19 is an imprinted gene transcribing a long non-coding RNA and is downregulated postnatally. Re-expression of H19 has been observed in patients with atherosclerosis. However, to date, no data has been published on the association of H19 polymorphisms with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, four polymorphisms, rs217727, rs2067051, rs2251375, rs4929984, were analyzed in 701 CAD patients and 873 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan technology. Our data showed that the T variant of rs217727 was associated with an increased risk of CAD [additive model: odds ratio (OR)=2.05, 95%CI=1.35-3.12; dominant model: OR=1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-1.90; recessive model: OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.18-2.58], while A variant of rs2067051 was associated with a decreased risk of CAD (additive model: OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.45-0.96; recessive model: OR=0.71, 95%CI=0.50-0.99). Combined analysis showed that subjects carrying 3 or 4 risk alleles had a significantly increased risk of CAD, relative to those with 0-2 risk alleles (OR=1.61, 95%CI=1.20-2.15). Moreover, CAD patients with 3 or 4 risk alleles also had significantly higher Gensini scores than those with 0-2 risk alleles (P=0.001). Further haplotype-based analysis revealed that individuals with C-G-C-C, T-G-A-A, and T-A-A-A haplotypes indicated a higher prevalence of CAD (OR=1.88, 95%CI=1.03-3.43; OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.19-4.31; OR=2.66, 95%CI=1.34-5.25, respectively), compared to individuals with the most common C-G-A-C haplotype. In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that common polymorphisms of H19 are associated with the risk and severity of CAD in a Chinese population. Future studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-Mu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lian-Sheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Adachi H, Takahashi I, Higashimoto K, Tsuchida S, Noguchi A, Tamura H, Arai H, Ito T, Masue M, Nishibori H, Takahashi T, Soejima H. Congenital hyperinsulinism in an infant with paternal uniparental disomy on chromosome 11p15: few clinical features suggestive of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Endocr J 2013. [PMID: 23197114 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is the most common congenital overgrowth syndrome involving tumor predisposition. BWS is caused by various epigenetic or genetic alterations that disrupt the imprinted genes on chromosome 11p15.5 and the clinical findings of BWS are highly variable. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is reported in about half of all babies with BWS. We identified an infant with diazoxide-unresponsive congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) without any apparent clinical features suggestive of BWS, but diagnosed BWS by molecular testing. The patient developed severe hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia within a few hours after birth, with macrosomia and mild hydronephrosis. We excluded mutations in the K(ATP) channel genes on chromosome 11p15.1, but found a rare homozygous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of ABCC8. Parental SNP pattern suggested paternal uniparetal disomy in this region. By microsatellite marker analysis on chromosome 11p15, we could diagnose BWS due to the mosaic of paternal uniparental disomy. Our case suggests that some HI of unknown genetic etiology could involve undiagnosed BWS with no apparent clinical features, which might be diagnosed only by molecular testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Choufani S, Shuman C, Weksberg R. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 154C:343-54. [PMID: 20803657 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an imprinting disorder characterized by overgrowth, tumor predisposition, and congenital malformations. Approximately 85% of reported BWS cases are sporadic, while the remaining 15% are familial. BWS is caused by epigenetic or genomic alterations which disrupt genes in one or both of the two imprinted domains on chromosome 11p15.5. In each domain, an imprinting center regulates the expression of imprinted genes in cis. Normally in domain 1, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and the untranslated mRNA H19 are monoallelically expressed. In BWS, increased expression of IGF2 occurs via several mechanisms. In domain 2, CDKN1C, a growth repressor, and an untranslated RNA, KCNQ1OT1, are normally expressed monoallelically. In cases of BWS, several mechanisms result in reduced expression of CDKN1C. Recent reports of BWS cases have identified mutations outside the chromosome 11p15.5 critical region, thereby broadening the challenges in the diagnosis and genetic counseling of individuals and families with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Choufani
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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