1
|
Brooks D, Burke E, Lee S, Eble TN, O'Leary M, Osei-Owusu I, Rehm HL, Dhar SU, Emrick L, Bick D, Nehrebecky M, Macnamara E, Casas-Alba D, Armstrong J, Prat C, Martínez-Monseny AF, Palau F, Liu P, Adams D, Lalani S, Rosenfeld JA, Burrage LC. Heterozygous MAP3K20 variants cause ectodermal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, sensorineural hearing loss, and limb anomalies. Hum Genet 2024; 143:279-291. [PMID: 38451290 PMCID: PMC11191325 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-024-02657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in MAP3K20, which encodes a mitogen-activated protein kinase, are a rare cause of split-hand foot malformation (SHFM), hearing loss, and nail abnormalities or congenital myopathy. However, heterozygous variants in this gene have not been definitively associated with a phenotype. Here, we describe the phenotypic spectrum associated with heterozygous de novo variants in the linker region between the kinase domain and leucine zipper domain of MAP3K20. We report five individuals with diverse clinical features, including craniosynostosis, limb anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, and ectodermal dysplasia-like phenotypes who have heterozygous de novo variants in this specific region of the gene. These individuals exhibit both shared and unique clinical manifestations, highlighting the complexity and variability of the disorder. We propose that the involvement of MAP3K20 in endothelial-mesenchymal transition provides a plausible etiology of these features. Together, these findings characterize a disorder that both expands the phenotypic spectrum associated with MAP3K20 and highlights the need for further studies on its role in early human development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth Burke
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sukyeong Lee
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Advanced Technology Core for Macromolecular X-Ray Crystallography, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tanya N Eble
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Melanie O'Leary
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ikeoluwa Osei-Owusu
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shweta U Dhar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lisa Emrick
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Bick
- Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Michelle Nehrebecky
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Macnamara
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dídac Casas-Alba
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Pediatric Institute of Rare Diseases (IPER), CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Sant Joan de DéuEsplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Armstrong
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Pediatric Institute of Rare Diseases (IPER), CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Sant Joan de DéuEsplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Prat
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio F Martínez-Monseny
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Pediatric Institute of Rare Diseases (IPER), CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Sant Joan de DéuEsplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Palau
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Pediatric Institute of Rare Diseases (IPER), CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Sant Joan de DéuEsplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Adams
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seema Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Lindsay C Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tumminello M, Gangemi A, Matina F, Guardino M, Giuffrè BL, Corsello G. First report of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with a hemizygous c.1142G > C in the EDA gene: variant of uncertain significance or new pathogenic variant? Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:128. [PMID: 34078430 PMCID: PMC8173841 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder which affects structures of ectodermal origin. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is the most common form of disease. XLHED is characterized by hypotrichosis, hypohydrosis and hypodontia. The cardinal features of classic HED become obvious during childhood. Identification of a hemizygous EDA pathogenic variant in an affected male confirms the diagnosis. Case presentation We report on a male newborn with the main clinical characteristics of the X-linked HED including hypotrichosis, hypodontia and hypohidrosis. Gene panel sequencing identified a new hemizygous missense variant of uncertain significance (VUS) c.1142G > C (p.Gly381Ala) in the EDA gene, located on the X chromosome and inherited from the healthy mother. Conclusion Despite the potential functional impact of VUS remains uncharacterized, our goal is to evaluate the clinical potential consequences of missense VUS on EDA gene. Even if the proband’s phenotype is characteristic for classic HED, further reports of patients with same clinical phenotype and the same genomic variant are needed to consider this novel VUS as responsible for the development of HED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tumminello
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Gangemi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federico Matina
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Melania Guardino
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bianca Lea Giuffrè
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Landau Prat D, Katowitz WR, Strong A, Katowitz JA. Ocular manifestations of ectodermal dysplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:197. [PMID: 33933124 PMCID: PMC8088613 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) constitute a group of disorders characterized by abnormalities in two or more ectodermal derivatives, including skin, hair, teeth, and sweat glands. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate ocular manifestations in pediatric patients with ED. Methods Retrospective case series including consecutive ED subjects who were treated in the ophthalmology department at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia over a 12-year period (2009–2020). Main Outcome Measures were ocular and ocular adnexal abnormalities. Results Thirty subjects were included: 20 males (67%), mean age of 4.5 years (range 0.3–18). Patients with different subtypes were included, with the hypohidrotic ED and ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting variants being most prevalent. Most common findings were: lacrimal drainage obstruction in 12 (40%) including punctal agenesis in 10 (33%), refractive errors in 13 (43%) and amblyopia in 6 (20%). A new finding of eyelid ptosis or eyelash ptosis was demonstrated in 11 subjects (37%), mostly associated with TP63 or EDA1 genes variants. Conclusion Ectodermal dysplasias are associated with various ocular pathologies and amblyopia in the pediatric population. We report a possible genetic association between lash ptosis and EDA1 gene, and eyelid ptosis and TP63 or EDA1 genes variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Landau Prat
- Division of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34Th and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - William R Katowitz
- Division of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34Th and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Alanna Strong
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James A Katowitz
- Division of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34Th and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome with unusual cutaneous vitiligoid and psoriasiform lesions due to a novel single point TP63 gene mutation. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2019; 36:358-364. [PMID: 31333354 PMCID: PMC6640015 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.73437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
5
|
Morice-Picard F. [Genetics and dermatology]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019; 146:326-339. [PMID: 31006539 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Many types of genodermatosis exist, with numerous modes of transmission. The development of molecular genetic methods, in particular the most recent sequencing techniques, can be used to identify an increasing number of genes involved in these forms of genodermatosis while providing confirmation or more details regarding clinical diagnosis. Thanks to this approach, it is possible to determine risk of recurrence and to formulate an antenatal strategy. These technologies have led to improved molecular definition and to a better understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms involved in different genodermatoses such as bullous epidermolysis, keratinisation disorders, pigmentation disorders, potentially tumoral conditions, and epidermal and pilar dysplasia. The large amount of information provided by high-throughput sequencing makes it possible to study modifying genes as well as genotype-phenotype correlations. However, this genetic information in its turn poses problems of interpretation and of control of the resulting data. The use of genetics in dermatology for the purposes of diagnosis or research requires a consultation to provide patients with information regarding the genetic tests involved and the potential consequences thereof for them and their families. Furthermore, with pangenomic approaches there is a higher probability of fortuitous discovery of abnormalities such as variants associated with risks predisposing to cancer or neurodegenerative disease. Collaboration between dermatologists and geneticists enables optimisation of patient management in terms of diagnosis and genetic counselling in the event of such rare diseases. Therapeutic applications are beginning to be developed. The scope of therapeutic application includes gene therapy, replacement therapy (enzyme therapy) and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Morice-Picard
- Service de dermatologie pédiatrique et dermatologie, Centre de référence des maladies rares de la peau, Hôpital pédiatrique, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim YS, Hwang TH, Park SJ, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Kim CH, Lee JH, Lee JS, Choi S. A Case of Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal Defect-Cleft Lip and/or Palate (AEC) Syndrome with Missense Mutation in TP63 1657 th. NEONATAL MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.5385/nm.2017.24.4.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Tae Ho Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hae Jung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Chul Hong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jun Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ju Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Seoheui Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Genetic skin diseases, or genodermatoses, often have extracutaneous manifestations. Ocular manifestations in particular can have significant clinical implications, like blindness. Other manifestations, such as the corneal opacities that occur in X-linked ichthyosis, are asymptomatic but characteristic of a particular genodermatosis. Ophthalmologic examination can aid in diagnosis when characteristic findings are seen. The genodermatoses with ocular manifestations will be reviewed, but neurocutaneous, syndromes, genetic pigmentary disorders, and genetic metabolic diseases are not included because they are covered elsewhere in this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Jen
- Section of Pediatric Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Departments of Pediatrics and Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3550 Market St, Second floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.
| | - Sudha Nallasamy
- The Vision Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS #88, Los Angeles, CA, 90027
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gollasch B, Basmanav FB, Nanda A, Fritz G, Mahmoudi H, Thiele H, Wehner M, Wolf S, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Frank J, Betz RC. Identification of a novel mutation inRIPK4in a kindred with phenotypic features of Bartsocas-Papas and CHAND syndromes. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2555-62. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arti Nanda
- Genetic Skin Diseases Clinic; As'ad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center; Al-Sabah Hospital Kuwait
| | - Günter Fritz
- Department of Neuropathology; Neurozentrum; University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | | | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Maria Wehner
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Sabrina Wolf
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Jorge Frank
- Division of Dermatogenetics and Skin Cancer Center; Department of Dermatology; University of Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Regina C. Betz
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Henningsen E, Svendsen MT, Lildballe DL, Jensen PKA. A novel mutation in theEDARgene causes severe autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2059-61. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emil Henningsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Itin PH. Etiology and pathogenesis of ectodermal dysplasias. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2472-7. [PMID: 24715647 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias are a large group of heterogeneous heritable conditions characterized by congenital defects of one or more ectodermal structures and their appendages. The skin and its appendages are mainly composed by ectodermal components but development initiation of appendages is orchestrated by signals of the mesoderm with the help of placodes. A complex network of signaling pathways coordinates the formation and function of ectodermal structures. In recent years much has been discovered regarding the molecular mechanisms of ectodermal embryogenesis and this facilitates a rational basis for classification of ectodermal dysplasia. Interestingly, not only complex ectodermal syndromes but also mono- or oligosymptomatic ectodermal malformations may result from a mutation in a gene that is critical for ectodermal development. Mesodermal, and occasionally endodermal malformations may coexist. Embryogenesis occurs in distinct tissue organizational fields and specific interactions among the germ layers exist that may lead to a wide range of ectodermal dysplasias. Of the approximately 200 different ectodermal dysplasias, about 80 have been characterized at the molecular level with identification of the genes that are mutated in these disorders. Modern molecular genetics will increasingly elucidate the basic defects of these distinct syndromes and shed more light into the regulatory mechanisms of embryology. The upcoming classification of ectodermal dysplasias will combine detailed clinical and molecular knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Itin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Group of Dermatology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Koch PJ, Dinella J, Fete M, Siegfried EC, Koster MI. Modeling AEC-New approaches to study rare genetic disorders. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2443-54. [PMID: 24665072 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome is a rare monogenetic disorder that is characterized by severe abnormalities in ectoderm-derived tissues, such as skin and its appendages. A major cause of morbidity among affected infants is severe and chronic skin erosions. Currently, supportive care is the only available treatment option for AEC patients. Mutations in TP63, a gene that encodes key regulators of epidermal development, are the genetic cause of AEC. However, it is currently not clear how mutations in TP63 lead to the various defects seen in the patients' skin. In this review, we will discuss current knowledge of the AEC disease mechanism obtained by studying patient tissue and genetically engineered mouse models designed to mimic aspects of the disorder. We will then focus on new approaches to model AEC, including the use of patient cells and stem cell technology to replicate the disease in a human tissue culture model. The latter approach will advance our understanding of the disease and will allow for the development of new in vitro systems to identify drugs for the treatment of skin erosions in AEC patients. Further, the use of stem cell technology, in particular induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), will enable researchers to develop new therapeutic approaches to treat the disease using the patient's own cells (autologous keratinocyte transplantation) after correction of the disease-causing mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Koch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Towers RE, Murgiano L, Millar DS, Glen E, Topf A, Jagannathan V, Drögemüller C, Goodship JA, Clarke AJ, Leeb T. A nonsense mutation in the IKBKG gene in mares with incontinentia pigmenti. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81625. [PMID: 24324710 PMCID: PMC3852476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) are a large and heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders characterized by abnormalities in structures of ectodermal origin. Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is an ED characterized by skin lesions evolving over time, as well as dental, nail, and ocular abnormalities. Due to X-linked dominant inheritance IP symptoms can only be seen in female individuals while affected males die during development in utero. We observed a family of horses, in which several mares developed signs of a skin disorder reminiscent of human IP. Cutaneous manifestations in affected horses included the development of pruritic, exudative lesions soon after birth. These developed into wart-like lesions and areas of alopecia with occasional wooly hair re-growth. Affected horses also had streaks of darker and lighter coat coloration from birth. The observation that only females were affected together with a high number of spontaneous abortions suggested an X-linked dominant mechanism of transmission. Using next generation sequencing we sequenced the whole genome of one affected mare. We analyzed the sequence data for non-synonymous variants in candidate genes and found a heterozygous nonsense variant in the X-chromosomal IKBKG gene (c.184C>T; p.Arg62*). Mutations in IKBKG were previously reported to cause IP in humans and the homologous p.Arg62* variant has already been observed in a human IP patient. The comparative data thus strongly suggest that this is also the causative variant for the observed IP in horses. To our knowledge this is the first large animal model for IP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Towers
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Murgiano
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David S. Millar
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Elise Glen
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Topf
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Judith A. Goodship
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Angus J. Clarke
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
García-Martín P, Hernández-Martín A, Torrelo A. Ectodermal dysplasias: a clinical and molecular review. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2012; 104:451-70. [PMID: 23103118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The ectodermal dysplasias are a large group of hereditary disorders characterized by alterations of structures of ectodermal origin. Although some syndromes can have specific features, many of them share common clinical characteristics. Two main groups of ectodermal dysplasias can be distinguished. One group is characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of ectodermal tissues, which fail to develop and differentiate because of a lack of reciprocal signaling between ectoderm and mesoderm, the other has palmoplantar keratoderma as its most striking feature, with additional manifestations when other highly specialized epithelia are also involved. In recent decades, the genes responsible for at least 30 different types of ectodermal dysplasia have been identified, throwing light on the pathogenic mechanisms involved and their correlation with clinical findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P García-Martín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Müllerian agenesis with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:948-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
A symphony of regulations centered on p63 to control development of ectoderm-derived structures. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:864904. [PMID: 21716671 PMCID: PMC3118300 DOI: 10.1155/2011/864904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53-related transcription factor p63 is critically important for basic cellular functions during development of the ectoderm and derived structure and tissues, including skin, limb, palate, and hair. On the one side, p63 is required to sustain the proliferation of keratinocyte progenitors, while on the other side it is required for cell stratification, commitment to differentiate, cell adhesion, and epithelial-mesenchymal signaling. Molecules that are components or regulators of the p63 pathway(s) are rapidly being identified, and it comes with no surprise that alterations in the p63 pathway lead to congenital conditions in which the skin and other ectoderm-derived structures are affected. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge of the molecular and cellular regulations centered on p63, derived from the comprehension of p63-linked human diseases and the corresponding animal models, as well as from cellular models and high-throughput molecular approaches. We point out common themes and features, that allow to speculate on the possible role of p63 downstream events and their potential exploitation in future attempts to correct the congenital defect in preclinical studies.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kouwenhoven EN, van Heeringen SJ, Tena JJ, Oti M, Dutilh BE, Alonso ME, de la Calle-Mustienes E, Smeenk L, Rinne T, Parsaulian L, Bolat E, Jurgelenaite R, Huynen MA, Hoischen A, Veltman JA, Brunner HG, Roscioli T, Oates E, Wilson M, Manzanares M, Gómez-Skarmeta JL, Stunnenberg HG, Lohrum M, van Bokhoven H, Zhou H. Genome-wide profiling of p63 DNA-binding sites identifies an element that regulates gene expression during limb development in the 7q21 SHFM1 locus. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1001065. [PMID: 20808887 PMCID: PMC2924305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in p63 are associated with split hand/foot malformations (SHFM), orofacial clefting, and ectodermal abnormalities. Elucidation of the p63 gene network that includes target genes and regulatory elements may reveal new genes for other malformation disorders. We performed genome-wide DNA–binding profiling by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by deep sequencing (ChIP–seq) in primary human keratinocytes, and identified potential target genes and regulatory elements controlled by p63. We show that p63 binds to an enhancer element in the SHFM1 locus on chromosome 7q and that this element controls expression of DLX6 and possibly DLX5, both of which are important for limb development. A unique micro-deletion including this enhancer element, but not the DLX5/DLX6 genes, was identified in a patient with SHFM. Our study strongly indicates disruption of a non-coding cis-regulatory element located more than 250 kb from the DLX5/DLX6 genes as a novel disease mechanism in SHFM1. These data provide a proof-of-concept that the catalogue of p63 binding sites identified in this study may be of relevance to the studies of SHFM and other congenital malformations that resemble the p63-associated phenotypes. Mammalian embryonic development requires precise control of gene expression in the right place at the right time. One level of control of gene expression is through cis-regulatory elements controlled by transcription factors. Deregulation of gene expression by mutations in such cis-regulatory elements has been described in developmental disorders. Heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor p63 are found in patients with limb malformations, cleft lip/palate, and defects in skin and other epidermal appendages, through disruption of normal ectodermal development during embryogenesis. We reasoned that the identification of target genes and cis-regulatory elements controlled by p63 would provide candidate genes for defects arising from abnormally regulated ectodermal development. To test our hypothesis, we carried out a genome-wide binding site analysis and identified a large number of target genes and regulatory elements regulated by p63. We further showed that one of these regulatory elements controls expression of DLX6 and possibly DLX5 in the apical ectodermal ridge in the developing limbs. Loss of this element through a micro-deletion was associated with split hand foot malformation (SHFM1). The list of p63 binding sites provides a resource for the identification of mutations that cause ectodermal dysplasias and malformations in humans.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Cells, Cultured
- Child, Preschool
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Limb Deformities, Congenital/genetics
- Limb Deformities, Congenital/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Zebrafish
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn N. Kouwenhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J. van Heeringen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J. Tena
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Martin Oti
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas E. Dutilh
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M. Eva Alonso
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa de la Calle-Mustienes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Leonie Smeenk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tuula Rinne
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian Parsaulian
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emine Bolat
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rasa Jurgelenaite
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A. Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A. Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Han G. Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tony Roscioli
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emily Oates
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Miguel Manzanares
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hendrik G. Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Lohrum
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (HZ); (HvB)
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (HZ); (HvB)
| |
Collapse
|